Term
| What are the 2 types of coricosteroids in the Adrenal Cortex? |
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Definition
Glucocorticoid (cortisol)
Mineralcorticoid (aldosterone) |
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Term
| What are the uses for low dose glucocorticoids versus high dose? |
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Definition
Low dose is for replacement therapy in Addisons Disease (25 mg per day.. everyday)
High dose suppress the normal immune response and exhibits antiinflammatory properties (up to 240 mg per day or more) |
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Term
| Which route of administration has the most side effects? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is Addisons disease? |
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Definition
| A disease characterized by progressive anemia, low blood pressure, great weakness, and bronze discoloration of the skin. It is caused by inadequate secretion of hormones by the adrenal cortex |
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Term
| Side Effects of Chronic Glucocorticoids |
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Definition
| buffalo hump, moon face, pot belly, growth retardation, osteoporosis, inhibited protein synthesis |
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Term
| Side Effects of Acute Glucocorticoids |
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Definition
| immunosuppressant, hyperglycemia, HTN, mood swings, PUD, vertebral compression fractures, weight gain, cardiac dysrhythmias due to hypokalemia. |
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Term
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Definition
| when adrenal glands do not produce adequate amounts of steroids |
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Term
| When can Adrenal Insuffiency occur? |
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Definition
| When chronic corticosteroids are abruputly stopped or when the dose is not increased during stress, infection, illness, surgery, and trauma. |
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Term
| Treatment for Adrenal Crisis |
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Definition
| IV hydrocortisone (Solu-Cortef) |
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Term
| How can you prevent Adrenal Insufficiency? |
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Definition
| use for shortest time possible in lowest dose possible and take every other day instead of daily. |
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Term
| Proactivity with Glucocorticoids |
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Definition
Do not abruptly stop
If chronic use wear medical id
eat protein and potassium-rich foods
monitor weight
monitor blood sugar levels (increase need for insulin)
give early AM
anticipate need for increased dose |
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Term
| What is the mechanism of action for Mineralcorticoids? |
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Definition
| Mineralcorticoids conserve sodium stores in the body and affect fluid and electrolyte balance |
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Term
| What are Mineralcorticoids used for? |
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Definition
| Addisons disease and Orthostatic hypotension |
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Term
| Side effects of Mineralcorticoids |
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Definition
hypokalemia-- due to excelerated loss of potassium
hypernatremia due to conservation of sodium
edema and HTN-- due to excessive sodium and water retention |
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