Term
CNS stimulants principal uses |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
amphetamine, dextroamphatamine, methamphetamine, lisdexamfetamine |
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Term
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Definition
Act causing release of NE and DA, and partly by inhibiting reuptake of both. |
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Term
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Definition
Increase wakefulness & alertness, reduced fatigue,euphoria, talkative, increase motor activity, elevate mood, augment self-confidence and intiative, stimulate respirations, supress appetite and perception of pain. |
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Term
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Definition
Secondary to NE. increased HR, AV conduction, and force of contraction. Vasoconstrict bl. vessels, dysrhuthmias, HTN. |
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Term
Amphetamines tolerance & dependence |
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Definition
Regular use causes tolerance to elevation of mood, suppression of appetite, and stimulation of the heart and blood vessels. Chronic use causes physical and psychological dependence. |
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Term
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Definition
Potential for abuse because of euphoria. |
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Term
Amphetamines abstinence syndrome on DC |
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Definition
Exhaustion, depression, prolonged sleep, excessive sleep, excessive eating, craving amphetamine |
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Term
Amphetamines adverse effects |
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Definition
insomnia,restless, extreme loquaciousness, weight loss, CV effects, psychosis |
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Term
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Definition
Dizzy, confused, hallucination, paranoid delusions, palpitations, dysrhythmias, HTN, convulsions, coma, cerebral hemorrhage, death TX-chlorpromazine, phentolamine, diazepam, acidify urine |
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Term
methylphenidate & dexmethylphenidate MOA |
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Definition
Pharmacologic actions same as amphetamines. Promote NE and DA release and inhibit NE and DA reuptake |
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Term
methylphenidate & dexmethylphenidate side effects |
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Definition
insomnia, reduced appetite/wt. loss, emotional lability, stomach ache, HA, rebound symptoms, irritable/jittery, dysphoric, zombi-like, tics/abnormal movement, HTN, hallucinations, growth suppression |
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Term
methylphenidate & dexmethylphenidate Efficacy in tx ADHD |
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Definition
Improve attentiveness & academic performance, behavior, impulse control, and peer relations while decreasing aggressive behavior. Long-term:no significant improvements |
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Term
methylphenidate & dexmethylphenidate abuse |
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Definition
Can cause euphoria. Drug diversion |
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Term
methylphenidate & dexmethylphenidate drug interactions |
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Definition
psychostimulants, MAOIs, theophylinne, antidepressants, anticonvulsants, coumadin |
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Term
methylphenidate & dexmethylphenidate dosing/length of therapy in ADHD |
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Definition
Individualized. Titrate to max efficacy w/min side effects. May attempt DC at one yr intervals, but many do not outgrow disease |
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Term
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Definition
chocolate, dessert, soft drink, and beverages from natural products (coffe, tea cola). |
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Term
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Definition
Blockade of adenosine receptors.Vasodilate periphery, vasoconstrict CNS, relax bronchial smooth muscle, diuretic, crosses placenta. |
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Term
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Definition
low dose-Decreases fatigue, increases capacity for prollonged intellectual exertion, dec # & duration apnea episodes, promote reg pattern breathing in neonates.Increased doses-insomnia, nervous, tremors. High dose-convulsions |
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Term
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Definition
narcolepsy, shift-work sleep disorder, sleep apnea, fatigue, depression, ADHD, jet lag, drug induced sleepiness, MS fatigue |
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Term
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Definition
Influence hypothalamic area of sleep-wake cycle inhibitors activit of sleep-promoting neurons, block reuptake NE |
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Term
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Definition
HA, nausea, nervous, diarrhea, rhinitis, increase HR & BP, euphoria, altered perception/thinking/feeling, terotogenic, Steven-Johnsons, erythema multiforme,toxic epidermal necolysis |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
related to Provigil-only difference is longer 1/2 life |
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Term
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Definition
No medical purpose/rat poison. S/S early-pt fully conscious, stiffness in muscles of face & neck,tonic convulsions, increase reflex excitability. Late-convulsions alternate with depression episodes until death |
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Term
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Definition
Neuropsych disorder of childhood. Possible DA & NE implications. Start 3-7y/o and persists into adulthood. Boys>girls |
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Term
ADHD characteristics in childhood |
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Definition
Inattention-(off task, easily distract, incompletion of tasks) Hyperactivity-(excessive movements) Impulsivity-(act before think,changing activities often, disorganized, impatient) |
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Term
ADHD Coorelation w/development |
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Definition
genetics, fetal alcohol, low birth weight, head trauma, lead exposure, meningitis |
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Term
ADHD management in children |
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Definition
1st line-stimulant drugs (2ndnonstimulants) family therapy parent training cognitive therapy for child collaboration of clinician, family, and educators |
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Term
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Definition
-Improved relationships -Decreased frequency in disruptive bx -Improved quality, efficiency, and quantity of completed school work -Increased independence in self-care and age appropriate activities -Improved self-esteem -Enhanced safety |
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Term
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Definition
Anxiety, depression, Bipolar, Tourette's, substance abuse |
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Term
ADHD classroom interventions |
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Definition
Seated near teacher Staff to review daily assignments physical exercise |
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Term
ADHD characteristic in adulthood |
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Definition
Poor concentration, stress intolerance, antisocial behavior,anger outbursts, inability to maintain routines. |
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Term
ADHD consequences untreated adulthood |
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Definition
Job loss, divorce, driving accidents |
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Term
ADHD management in adulthood |
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Definition
1st line-Stimulant drug 1/3 can not tolerate-nonstilmulant after failed stimulant attempt. Combo with behavioral therapy |
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Term
ADHD CNS stimulants drug therapy list |
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Definition
methylphenidate, dextroamphetamine, mixed amphetamines, methylphenidate |
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Term
ADHD CNS stimulants disadvantages |
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Definition
Have to see physician q month Abuse potential Responses tend to diminish after 2-3yr Reduce NEGATIVE behavior, do not create positive behavior |
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Term
ADHD non-stiumulant drugs list |
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Definition
Strattera, guanfacine, clonidine |
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Term
Srattera therapeutic effects |
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Definition
Reduces symptoms, max response takes 1-3wks |
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Term
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Definition
Selective inhibitor of NE reuptake, causing NE to accumulate at synapses |
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Term
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Definition
metabolized in P450 system, daily or BID dose |
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Term
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Definition
Dyspepsia, N/V, reduced appetite, dizzy,anorexia, FATIGUE, SEDATION, somnolence, mood swings, trouble sleeping, sexual dysfunction, urinary retention, allergic reactions, suicidal thinking, appetite suppression resulting in wt. loss and growth retardation, liver injury, raise or lower BP, tachycardia |
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Term
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Definition
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guanfacine use & side effects in ADHD |
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Definition
Adjunct to reduce aggression -somnolence, fatigue, reduced BP(most pronounced initial therapy), wt. gain |
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clonidine use & side effects in ADHD |
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Definition
Adjunct to reduce aggression and aide in sleep -somnolence, fatigue, hypotension, slow HR (increased by use of othe CNS depressants), heart block, dizzy, constipation |
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Term
Risperdal,Zyprexa,Geodon use & side effects in ADHD |
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Definition
Control severe aggression Improve hyperactivity and impulsivity Beneficial is concurrent ODD/bipolar -EPS, dizzy, hepatotoxic, wt. gain, increased prolactin |
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Term
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Definition
Short term for severe aggression |
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Term
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Definition
methylphenidate patch. applied 9hr, heat increases absorption |
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