Dextroamphetamine

"DEX-troe-am-FET-a-meen"

Trade name: Adderall, Dexedrine, Dextrostat, Procentra

• C-II Psychostimulant for ADHD & narcolepsy
• BW: potential for abuse & potential for sudden death or serious CV event
• PO only - titrate over 2-4 weeks; don't give late in the day. No MAOIs
• Adderall = mixed amphetamine salts

Methylphenidate

"METH-il-FEN-i-date"

Trade name: Ritalin, Concerta, Metadate, Methylin, Focalin, Daytrana

• C-II Psychostimulant for ADHD & narcolepsy
• BW: potential for abuse
• PO, transdermal patch (apply patch in the morning and remove after 9 hours). Not with any MAOIs.
• Individualize and give periodic drug "holidays" - don't give late in the day to avoid insomnia 
• May cause psychosis, sudden death, blurred vision

Atomoxetine

"At-oh-mox-e-teen"

Trade name: Strattera

• Selective NE reuptake inhibitor for ADHD
• BW: suicide
• PO only (no need to taper, can give in am and/or pm.) NO MAOIs
• Has antimuscarinic and sympathomimetic side effects
• Do not take with MAOIs

Modafinil

"moe-DAF-i-nil"

Trade name: Provigil, Nuvigil

• C-IV psychostimulant to improve wakefulness in adults with narcolepsy, obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome and shift work sleep disorder
• BW: federally controlled
• PO - do not crush
• Avoid use in psych patients
• P450 inducer, do not take with Grapefruit juice

Carbamazepine

"kar-ba-MAZ-e-peen"

Trade name: Tegretol, Carbatrol, Equetro

• AED for Grand mal and partial seizures, trigeminal neuralgia and bipolar disorder. Lots of off label use
• BW: HLA-B 1502 positive (+) patients at risk for SJS & TENS; risk for Aplastic anemia and agranulocytosis.
• Potent P450 inducer. Sticks to PVC used for nasogastric tubing.
• Available as PO (including chewable), PR & enteric solutions

Phenytoin

"FEN-i-toyn"

Trade name: Dilantin

• AED for Grand mal & partial complex partial seizures, status epilepticus and prevention of seizures during neurosurgery. Antiarrhythmic.
• BW: Don't exceed 50mg/min IV in adults (administer slowly!) or 1-3 mg/kg/min in neonates
• LOTS of serious ADRs. Failry potent P450 inducer. 
• Available as PO (including chewable), IV/IM, PR, and enteric. Sticks to PVC used for nasogastric tubing. 

Phenobarbital

"feen-oh-BAR-bit-al"

Trade name: Luminal, Gardenal

• C-IV Barbiturate for Grand mal and partial seizures including status epilepticus; sedative; hypnotic
• VERY POTENT P450 inducer.
• Available as pills, IM/IV/rectal, enteric solutions.

Ethosuximide

"ETH-oh-SUX-i-mide"

Trade name: Zarontin

• AED drug of choice for absence seizures
• PO, PR

Divalproex

"dye-val-PRO-ex"

Trade name: Depakote

• AED for grand mal, Myoclonic, complex partial and absence seizures; bipolar; migraine. PRODRUG
• BW: hepatotoxic (worse in very young), teratogenic (spina bifida), and pancreatitis (can occur at any time during therapy).
• P450 inhibitors.
• Don't crush, but valproic acid and divalproex available in PO, PR and enteric forms. Valproate available only as an IV injectable. 

Gabapentin

"GAH-bah-PEN-tin"

Trade name: Neurontin

• AED for postherpetic neuralgia and partial seizures
• Off label for bipolar, to control aggression and agitation in the elderly with dementia, as an anxiolytic and for alcohol withdrawal. 
• Available as PO & enteric solutions.

Pregabalin

"pree-GAH-ba-lin"

Trade name: Lyrica

• C-V AED for postherpetic and diabetic neuropathic pain, partial onset seizures and fibromyalgia.
• Available as PO & enteric solution (taper off to avoid seizures)

Lamotrigine

"la-MOE-tri-jeen"

Trade name: Lamictal

• AED for grand mal & Lennox-Gastaut syndrome seizures; bipolar.
• Off label for MDD and neuropathic pain
• Improves cognitive functions
• Only available as PO (but can give this PR with   63% bioavailability); not with valproate
• Lots of sound alive/look alike names

Topiramate

"toe-PYRE-a-mate"

Trade name: Topamax

• AED for grand mal and partial seizures; migraine
• Adjunct for grand mal, partial and Lennox-Gastaut
• Off label for PTSD, neuropathic pain and to prevent alcoholics from drinking.
• Associated with cognitive impairment (can't find words) also causes kidney stones!
• Available as PO (tablets, capsules - many products are do not crush! and powder)

Diazepam

"dye-AZ-e-pam"

Trade name: Diastat, Valium

• C-IV Benzodiazepine AED for status epilepticus (drug of choice, especially for drug OD or poisoning-related status epilepticus). Other indications: sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic, opioid and alcohol withdrawal, muscle "relaxant" (LOTS of uses!)
• Available PO, IV/IM, PR, enteric solutions (IM not recommended due to poor absorption)
• Withdrawal syndrome

Lorazepam

"lor-AZ-e-pam"

Trade name: Ativan

• C-IV Benzodiazepine AED for status epilepticus (drug of choice). Other indications: sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic. 
• Available PO, IM(can give PO form PR, but much lower bioavailability)

Midazolam

"meh-DAZ-oh-lam"

Trade name: Versed, Hypnovel

• C-IV Benzodiazepine AED for status epilepticus (drug of choice if no IV access). Also: sedative, hypnotic, anxiolytic, amnesiac
• Available PO: intranasal, buccal, IM, PR
• Boxed warning: (fata) respiratory depression