Term
| what is the plant that marijuana comes from? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what part if the actual marijuana on a plant? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| used as a _____ in the stone age |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| dust of the plant resin is |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| medicinal use in great britian and france |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| marijuana became popular in Europe and was reintroduced by US tourists and others |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
in 10th century arabs used marijuana as...
11th century egyptians used it as this also |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
true or false?
marijuana was used as medicinally in china |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
1545: brought to chile by ______
1611: raised for fiber in ______ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| marijuana; 1800s americas |
|
|
Term
| what year was marijuana introduced to USA smoking wise |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what country has the highest recreational use for marijuna? |
|
Definition
1.denmark 37%
2.Austrialia 34%
3.USA 32%
4.Jamaica 29%
5.UK 20% |
|
|
Term
| higher rates of maryjane use for under ____ during 1970s and 1980s |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the addiction potential for marijuana? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is this psychoactive chemical in marijuana? |
|
Definition
| delta-9 tetrahydrocannabinol AKA THC |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| body fat and other tissues |
|
|
Term
true or false?
THC grown in US has lower content than overseas |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What are the types of ROA for marijuana? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| marijuana through inhalation |
|
Definition
rapid
peak blood plasma 30-60mins later
actually consume: 20 % |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
solid or liquid brownies or tea
liver clears some thc
lasts: 4-6 hrs
peak plasma 1-2 hrs |
|
|
Term
| anandamide is endogenous neurotransmitter that activates.. |
|
Definition
| 2 types of receptors cb1 and cb2 |
|
|
Term
| THC mimics anadamide directly and indirectly... |
|
Definition
potent cb1 agonism
selective GABA antagonism
DA agonism via preceeding GABA effects
actions similar to opiates |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
relaxation
mild euphoria
augmented sense of humor
experience of time altered
augmented appetite
analgesia (pain killer) |
|
|
Term
| negative reactions to mj? |
|
Definition
| paranoia, loss of control, panic |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
impaired short term memory
impaired concentration |
|
|
Term
| PHYSIOLOGICAL effects of mj? |
|
Definition
bloodshot eyes
sluggish pupils
decreased movement
impaired coordination |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
chronic:
dependence physio
amotivational syndrome
reproductive effects
substance dependence |
|
|
Term
| evidence of tolerance and withdrawal is controversial |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| mj withdrawal symptoms... |
|
Definition
anger
aggression
irritability
anxiety
decreased appitite
restlessness
sleep difficulties |
|
|
Term
| less common mj withdrawal symptoms |
|
Definition
chills
depressed mood
stomach pain
shakiness
sweating |
|
|
Term
| hypothesis of amotivation syndrome |
|
Definition
| chronic mj use results in reduced capacity to accomplish conventional goals |
|
|
Term
| amotivational syndrome makes... |
|
Definition
ppl become passive
apathetic
loss of ambition
and uninterested in future evidence |
|
|
Term
| amotivational syndrome... |
|
Definition
no other cultures show signs
no lab studies support it |
|
|
Term
| popular culture depicts stoners as |
|
Definition
| hapless, disorganized, unmotivated aka half baked |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unmotivated individuals may be more likely to seek mj |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| individuals who observe amotivational behavior in others and in themselesves may expect to do so again |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decreased sperm and motility |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
nonvoluntary menstral cycle
fetal effects:
increased risk of premature birth
lower birth weight
increasked risk of childhood cancer and ADHD |
|
|
Term
| in 1800s mj was used to treat |
|
Definition
mental illness
rheumatism
pain
rabies
cholera |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
appetitie stimulations( aids cancer wasting syndrome (cachexia) chemotherapy induced anarexia
non opoid pain relief
glaucoma- reduces introcular pressure |
|
|
Term
| meds without thc in them exist for these reasons |
|
Definition
| conflict between federal laws |
|
|
Term
| mj is one of the most common.. |
|
Definition
| drugs leading people to treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
ingestion:oral
distribution:total water
absorbstion
metabolism |
|
|
Term
| alcohol pharmokinetics: absorbstion |
|
Definition
small intestine
food alters absorbtion
first pass metabolism
peak plasma concentrations 30-90min |
|
|
Term
| alcohol pharmokinetics: metabolism |
|
Definition
10-14g/hr
95% metabolized by enzyme alcohol dehydrogensae
rest is excreted through urine or evaporates by breathing |
|
|
Term
| Pharmacodynamics of alcohol |
|
Definition
GABA excitation: sedation and anxiety reduction
Glutamate inhibition: cog. probs,alcohol myopia
Opoid excitation: pleasure/ analgesia
opoid receptors inhibit GABAergic neurons that control DA receptors
Alcohol contributes to inhibition of inhibitor: example taking ones foot off the break |
|
|
Term
| TWO biphasic phases of alcohol |
|
Definition
stimulant: (ascending) excitement well being energized talkative celebratory
sedative: (descending) sluggish, irritable, cognitive slowing |
|
|
Term
| amnesia without loss of conciousness |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| headaches, dizziness, nausea, vomiting, thirst |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| related and associated with robbery assualt and homicide. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| sensorimotor effects of alcohol |
|
Definition
impairs vision,taste, and smell
decreases pain sensativity when .08-.10
slows simple reaction time (.10)
slows complex reaction time (.05)
impairs psychomotor performance and divided attention ability. |
|
|
Term
| what are the 3 phases of alohol withdrawal |
|
Definition
1. hours after stop drinking, sweating, shakes, headaches, weakness
2.winthin 24 hrs: grand mal seizures
3.30 hours- 4 days; delerium tremens
w/ agitations disorientations,tachycardia, terrifying hallucinations and delusions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
caused by long term heavy drinking and nutrictional deficiancy- thiamine
acute symptoms : confusion staggering,eye movement abnormalities, memory problems
all can be reversed with thiamine |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
permanent brain damage from alchol
severe memory impairment confusion and confabulation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
highly vulnerable
liver is the major matabolizer of alcohol
damage:fatty liver; alcohol hepititis
BOTH REVERSABLE |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inflammation from cell death and accumulation of scar tissue
ireverssible
alcohol dpeendence is cause of cirrhosis---8th largest cause of death |
|
|
Term
| 3 evidences of genetic influences |
|
Definition
quantitive genetics: twin studies
molecular genetics:linkage studies, case control studies, genome wide studies
animal models |
|
|
Term
| compares alcoholism in adoptees with family history of condition but no environmental exposure condition |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| selectively breed rodents based on alcohol preference they examine collateral behavioral patterns, linkage analysis, gene knockout technologies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| responsible for dehydrogenase |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| WHAT are 4 CNS neurotransmission |
|
Definition
GABRA2
DRD2 Taq1A
DRD4 VNTR
OPRMI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| responsible for mu opoid receptor |
|
|
Term
| one does not inherit _____ one inherits _____________ promoting or risk protective genes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pharmokinetic: ALDH
pharmacodynamic: OPRMI |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| genotype>intermediate phenotype> disorder |
|
|
Term
| vomiting visual disturbance confusion flushing |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ALDH2> acetaldyde toxicity> protective effect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| activity at _____ is associated with pleasure and other rewarding aspects of addictive drugs |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| OPRM1 response to alcohol |
|
Definition
| OPRM1>augmented reinforcement> increased risk |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
AA= typical receptor sensitivity
AG/GG= ^ receptor sensitivity |
|
|
Term
| Medications for treating alcohol disorder |
|
Definition
Naltrexone
Acamprosate
Topiramate
disulfiram pharmacotherapy |
|
|
Term
| What alcohol medication is NOT FDA approved |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
BLOCKs acetaldehyde dehydrogenase activity
increases acetaldehyde in blood= unplesant effects
Flushing; increased heart rate vomiting headache visual disturbances confusion
doesnt work well bc of poor design |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Mu opoid receptor antagonist
reduces stimulant effects of alcohol
reduces cravings and heavy drinking
significant but modest effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Mild GABA agonist, glutamate antagonist
decrease long term GABA and glutamate dysregulation
Europe trials suppport efficiancy but US trials do not |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
mild GABA AGONISM glutamate antagonist
FDA approved for treating migraines and anticonvulsant
mechaniaam in reducing alcohol use
works better on heavy drinking effects |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
consequences are threatened until a person enrolls in treatment
little clinical or experimental research on efficiency
more likely to relapse from this treatment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| direct confrontation to break down denial |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| binge eating and feeling out of control cannot stop; vomiting or misuse of laxatives, fasting, excessive exercise |
|
|
Term
| how often does symptoms of bulimia nervosa have to occur in order to be diagnosed as having it? |
|
Definition
| 2xs a week for at least 3 months BUT CHANGED... NOW= 1x week for 3 months |
|
|
Term
| two types of bulimia nervosa? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| episodes associated w 3/5 of the criteria to be classifed as binge eating disorder include |
|
Definition
eating faster than normal
eating until uncontrolably full
eating large amounts when not hungry
eating alone bc embarassed
feeling disgusted, depressed or guilty after over eating |
|
|
Term
| to be classifed as binge eating disorder you must have it for |
|
Definition
| 2 days a week for 6 months BUT CHANGED NOW = 1X WEEK FOR 3 MONTHS AND ITS AN INDEPENDENT DISORDER |
|
|
Term
| binge eating disorder is marked as a ... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| currently binge eating disorder is apart of _____ which is referred to as _____ |
|
Definition
| EDNOS; WASTE BASKET CATEGORY |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excess body fat 25% of body weight |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| excess body fat 18% of body weight |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| body mass index of 25-29.9 kg/m |
|
|
Term
| most common way to measure body fat |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high disease risk in men (35) in women |
|
|
Term
| waist circumference positively correlated with ... |
|
Definition
| abdominal fat content and abdomen fat= predictor of risk factors and morbidity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| early cases in 12th and 16th century |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| religious reasons not body image |
|
|
Term
| 18th century over eating mostly occured in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| binge eating and vomiting may be connected to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
times and places with abundance of food
mainly modern societys
modern plumbing makes easy to hide
"thin ideal" perception |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
eating is essential to survival
survival skill
overabundance of food
toxic environment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where is psilocybin found? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a antichlorinergic hallucinogen found in certain plants |
|
|
Term
| a group of drugs that have the capacity to alter perceptual cognitive and emotional states |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what are the four classes of hallucinogens |
|
Definition
serotonigeric
methylated amphetamines
anticholinergic
dissociative |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
visual hallucinations
alterations in mood and thought
dream like visions |
|
|
Term
| examples of sertonergic hallucinogens |
|
Definition
mushrooms (psilocybin), LSD, mescaline (peyote cactus),
induce powerful hallucinations and mystical experiences |
|
|
Term
| indians used this type of hallucinogen for religious purposes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| swiss chemist albert hofmann by accident |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Effects serotonergic neurons |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| LSD AND ECSTASY WERE USED IN |
|
Definition
| psychotherapy (no benefits) |
|
|
Term
true or false
LSD causes dependence problems |
|
Definition
| false. NO dependence probs |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oral
transdermal
20-60 minutes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
8-12 HRS
PSILOCYBIN: 3-4 HOURS
undectable for 72 hours |
|
|
Term
| there is a disruption between the coeruleous and thalamus and cortex which causes |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hallucinations
distortions
intense visual imagery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pupil dialation
heart rate increase
blood pressure
temp
sweating |
|
|
Term
| psilcocybin aka mushrooms |
|
Definition
| blood pressure and heart rate rise |
|
|
Term
| Methylated Amphetamines... |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| do not produce hallucinations visually |
|
|
Term
| long term damage with MA's? |
|
Definition
| yes, to serotonergic terminals |
|
|
Term
| who patented MDMA in 1914 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what year did MDMA use increase? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Oral
intranasally
intravenously
absorbs rapidly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
increased heart rate
increased blood pressure
pupil dialation
muscle tension
teeth grinding
increased body temp
appetite suppression
wakefulness |
|
|
Term
| MDMA releases DA,NE AND 5HT too soon and causes blocked reuptake of the 5HS and DA it released too soon |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| experimental effects of MDMA |
|
Definition
euphoria
well being
emotional warmth
lowered defensiveness
increased verbal behavior |
|
|
Term
| hangover effects from mdma |
|
Definition
dysphoria
irritability
lethargy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Dehydration
kidney failure
stroke
siezure
heart attack
excessive hydration |
|
|
Term
| long term effects of MDMA |
|
Definition
OVER STIMULATION
focal and brain damage
still evident after 7 yr |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where can you find atropine and scopolamine |
|
Definition
deadly nightshade
mandrake
jimson weed
herbane |
|
|
Term
| effects of anticholinergic |
|
Definition
semi sleep
vivid dreams
poor memory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
phencyclidine aka pcp
ketamine aka special k |
|
|
Term
| dissociative anesthetics like pcp and ketamine .. |
|
Definition
produce a potent intoxication
PCP: violent psychotic reations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| t/f pcp and ketamine are still used for nonhuman anesthesia |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what year was pcp and ketamine synthesized? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ________ permits conciousness when used as anesthetic |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ROA of pcp and ketamine aka DIS. ANESTH |
|
Definition
1. Inhalation
2.oral
3.intravenous |
|
|
Term
| when do you peak when on pcp or ketamine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long does pcp or ketamine remain in the body? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| selective glutamate antagonists |
|
|
Term
| how long do the effects of pcp or ketamine last? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| acute effects of pcp or ketamine aka dissociative anesthetics |
|
Definition
well being
euphoria
numbness
slurred speech
sedative effects
hallucinations |
|
|
Term
profuse sweating
rapid heart rate
disrupted eye movement |
|
Definition
| physiological effects of pcp or ketamine |
|
|
Term
siezure
coma
resp. failure |
|
Definition
| what can happen if you overdose on pcp or ketamine? |
|
|
Term
| when on pcp or ketamine you are most likely to have |
|
Definition
| psychiatric complications |
|
|
Term
| list most potent to least potent sertonergic hallucinogens |
|
Definition
LSD
LSA
PSILCOYBIN
MESCALINE |
|
|
Term
| WHO used LSD and other sertonergic hallucinogens |
|
Definition
| indians of south and central america |
|
|
Term
| what is the ROA of sertonergic hall. |
|
Definition
oral
transdermal
effects last: 20-60 min |
|
|
Term
| duration sertonergic hall are in body |
|
Definition
lsd=8-12 hrs
psilocybin= 3-4 hrs |
|
|
Term
| transient visual and experimental disturbances also known as hallucinogen persisting perception disorder |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| from sap of the poppy plant |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the plant in which opium is derived from?€ |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the major active ingredient in opium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is another thing derived from opium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
true or false
walking through a poppy field like on the wizard of oz will cause one to get high |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| name 3 countries opium was used medicineally |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| through arab traders to india, china, and Europe |
|
|
Term
| what year did china have initial control over opium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what year did china have initial control over opium |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| through arab traders to india, china, and Europe |
|
|
Term
| Who were involved in the opium wars of 1839-1842 , 1856-1860 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is more potent than opium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who isolated morphine from opium? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what drug is more potent than morphine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what was morphine named after |
|
Definition
| morpheus the god of dreams |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| when soldiers got hooked on morphine |
|
|
Term
| who made morphone commercially available |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| if an addict had to chose between morphine and heroine what would they chose? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what act made heroin a crimal drug? |
|
Definition
| harrison narcotic act 1914 |
|
|
Term
true or false
heroin compounds are more potent that pure heroin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| can heroin inhibit sexual arousal? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| where does cold turkey come from |
|
Definition
| the goose bumps produced seen in addicts withdrawling from heroin |
|
|
Term
| what was heroin originally marketed for |
|
Definition
| cough suppresant and pain reliever |
|
|
Term
| who invented diacetylmorphine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
hydrocodene (vicodine)
hydromorphone (dilaudid)
oxycodone( oxycotin, percocets)
fentanyl (sublimaze) |
|
|
Term
| opium drugs mimick ______ in the brain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| natural neurotransmitters involved in the regulation of pain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
respiration
lower body temp
capillary constriction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pleasure and euphira to relieve pain |
|
|
Term
| what do reg use of opiates do |
|
Definition
tolerance
abstinence syndrome : flu like syomtoms and intense drug craving |
|
|
Term
| what is the most powerful analgesic drug |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
true or false
alcohol eliminates the symptoms of opiate withdrawl |
|
Definition
| NO FALSE DOES NOT ELIMINATE |
|
|
Term
| Opiates and alchol are synergisic |
|
Definition
| meaning if you combine them you will die |
|
|
Term
| what year was the hyperdermic needle being used to permit injection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
oral (perscription)
inhalation (opium)
intranasal (heroin, perscription)
intravenous (heroin, morphine)
transdermal (fentanyl patch) |
|
|
Term
| the faster the entry of an opiate into the blood stream |
|
Definition
| the faster it is released through out the body |
|
|
Term
| where are opiates metabolized? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how are opiates excreted? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what percentage of opiates do you lose in a day |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how long are opiates traceable in your body |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| EXCITATION OF DA IN THE VTA --> NACC INHIBITION OF GABA NEUROTRANSMISSION OF THE VTA |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
8-12 hours after last dose
runny nose
eyes
sweats
irritability
tremor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
48-72 hours:
pupil dialation
anorexia
piloerection aka goose bumps |
|
|
Term
| long term effects of opium |
|
Definition
hypersensitivity
anhedonia cant experience pleasurable emotions |
|
|
Term
| long term consequences of opiate use |
|
Definition
overdose
spontaneous abortion
injection=hiv/ aids hep,
complicaitons: collapsed veins, abscesses
organ damage
pulmonary disease aka pneomonia
infection of the the hear lining valves
liver or kidney disease |
|
|
Term
| treatment for opiate withdrawl and abuse |
|
Definition
cognitive behavioral therapy
methadone
bupernophoine |
|
|
Term
| cognitive behavior therapy for opiate probs |
|
Definition
involves skill training
development of alternative sources community reinforcement
contingency management |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| full mu agonist schedule 2 |
|
|
Term
| when treated for opiate abuse methadone |
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Definition
| is longer lasting and has more limited acute effects |
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Term
| methadone use for opiate withdrawl.. |
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Definition
reduces cravings, reduces criminality of infection diseases
daily dosing |
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Term
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Definition
synthetic opoid PARTIAL MU RECEPTOR AGONIST
modest abuse potential schedule 2 |
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Term
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Definition
allevaites craving and withdrawal and blocks reward from alt opiates
more convienant |
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Term
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Definition
| any chemical entity or mixture of entities, other than those required for maintenance of normal health the administration of which alters biological function and possibly structure. |
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Term
| Psychoactive drugs effect |
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Definition
| mood, cognition, and behavior |
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Term
| the study of chemical substances on living systems |
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Definition
|
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Term
| the study of the effects of drugs on experiences and behavior |
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Definition
|
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Term
| how do you classify drugs? |
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Definition
| origin, therapeutic use, chemical structure,mechanism and street name |
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Term
| what are the 3 factors that effect humans experience when taking drugs depends on |
|
Definition
| pharmacolgical factors, characteristics of the drug user, and the settingin which the drug is used |
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Term
| getting an accurate picture of use id possible only by looking at_______________ |
|
Definition
| the characteristics of the users |
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Term
| who are the heaviest and most illicit drugs users |
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Definition
|
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Term
| _____ are more likely than ____ to report alcohol and drug use in the past month |
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Definition
|
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Term
| t/f: some individuals use more than one drug regularly and may use different drugs at the same time |
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Definition
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Term
| in 95' the estimated economic cost to the uS of acohol and illcit drug abuse totaled to |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| what edition is the formal definition of substance-use disorder given |
|
Definition
| fourth edition of the american psuchiatric associations diagnostic and statistical manual |
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Term
| what is included in the DSM-IV |
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Definition
| drug tolerance, withdrawal, |
|
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Term
| where do drugs streetnames come from? |
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Definition
| drug subculturesand the street drug market, sometimes do reflect the actual drugs effects |
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Term
| A persons reaction to a drug depends mostly on... |
|
Definition
| biology, psuchological and social environmental factors |
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|
Term
| alcohol use associated with violence and crime but is not a ___________________ |
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Definition
| direct cause of such behavior |
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Term
| t/f: dependence and abuse are considered seperate diagnosis |
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Definition
| true. a person CANNOT be diagnosed with dependence and abuse |
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Term
| addiciton is identified when a person has _______ |
|
Definition
| an overwhelming involvement with using a drug |
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Term
| the continued use of many drugs but not all drugs may lead to |
|
Definition
| tolerance and physical dependence |
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|
Term
| broadly defined as any chemical entity or mixture of entities not required for the maintenance of health but that alters biological function or structure when administured |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| any use of drugs that causes physical , psychological, legal, or social harm to the individual user or to others affected by the drug users behavior |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| measure of the quantity of drug consumed |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| athe way that the drugs enter the body |
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Term
|
Definition
| an individuals knowledge attitudes expectations and other thoughts about an object or event such as a drug |
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|
Term
| a chemcially inactive substance |
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Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pertaining to effects on mood, thinking, and behavior |
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|
Term
| the action of a drug on the body |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| the general occurance of an event usually in terms of some population |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the same persons regular use of more than one drug |
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Term
|
Definition
| as a measure of unit of weight= 0.0648 gram |
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|
Term
| an emotional state of craving a drug either for its positive or degative effects associated with its abuse |
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Definition
|
|
Term
| a term used defined in reference to drug use defined as strong or intense desire to use a drug |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increased amounts of a drug needed to achieve intoxication or diminished drug effect with continues use of the same amount of drug |
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|
Term
| a definable illness that occurs with a cessation or decrease in use of a drug |
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Definition
|
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Term
|
Definition
| in medicine, a number of symptoms that occure together and characterize a specific illness or disease |
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Term
|
Definition
| a combustive process in which yeasts interact with the sugars in plants such as grapes grains and fruits to produce an enzyme that converts the sugar into alcohol |
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Term
|
Definition
| the legislative forbidding of the sale of a substanceas in the alcohol prohibition era in teh United States |
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Term
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Definition
| a central nervous system depressant that contains sedative and pain-relieving compounds |
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Term
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Definition
| products that were sold, most often in the 19th century, as medicines that would cure a host of illnesses and diseases |
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Term
| a central nervous system stimulant that acts like naturally occuring adrenaline |
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Definition
|
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Term
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Definition
| a substance, usually a liquid or gas that contains one or more intoxicating components; examples are glue, gasoline, and nonstick frying-pan sprays |
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Term
|
Definition
| something sold or measured by weight based on 1 pound=16 oz |
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Term
|
Definition
| a name for a saloon operating without a liscense |
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|
Term
| the earliest drug use involved _______________ and ________________ |
|
Definition
| ingestion of alcohol and of plants with psuchoactive properties |
|
|
Term
| during this century drugs such as opium, morphine, marijuana, heroin, and cocaine could be obtained without perscription |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what drug was used in the 1800s as a gernal all purpose medicine? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| cocaine became popular in |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what was the first major federal legislation regarding drugs |
|
Definition
| 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act |
|
|
Term
| 1906 Pure Food and Drug Act |
|
Definition
| mandated the listing of the types and amounts of drugs contained in medicines |
|
|
Term
| 1914 Harrison Narcotics Act |
|
Definition
| regulated the legal supply of certain drugs |
|
|
Term
| what are drug classifications for law enforcement today are based on |
|
Definition
| 1970s controlled substance act: classifies drugsaccording to their legitimite medical uses and their potential for abuse and dependence |
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|
Term
| cannibis use dates back to |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what was the first type of alcoholic beverage to be used? |
|
Definition
| beer and buckleberry wine were used in 6400 BC grape wine didnt appear until 300-400 BC |
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|
Term
| The opium wars between britian and china occured because |
|
Definition
| britian was unwilling to curtail its trade of opium into china |
|
|
Term
| Indians introduced Columbus to tobacco (t/f) |
|
Definition
| true. Europeans introduced alcohol to the new world |
|
|
Term
| what was the first notable drug law in the US? |
|
Definition
| 1875 san franscisco ordinance- banned the smoking of opium |
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|
Term
| Urine testing is a ____________ method for detecting drug use |
|
Definition
| UNRELIABLE. due to technological deficiancies and human error |
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|
Term
| the individual nerve cell that is the basic building block of the nervous |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spiny branchlike structures that extend from the cell body of a neuron |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| lonf cylindrical extension of the cell body of the neuron conducts an electrical charge from the cell body |
|
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Term
|
Definition
| a fatty white substance that covers the axons of some neurons |
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|
Term
|
Definition
| the electrical impulse along the axon that occurs when a neuron is fired |
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