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Help us understand and improve human communication |
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turners definition of a theory: |
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A process of developing ideas that can allow us to explain how and why events occur |
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Two key components of a theory: |
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1. Concepts- words or tems that label the most imporatant elements of a theory
2. Goals- purpose. |
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- explanation- how and why something works
- prediction, control, understanding- why something happens
- reform- active pursuit of social change
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standards for judgin the worth of a theory: |
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interpretive
truth seeking is interpretive/ subjective
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1 truth
social scientists
numbers |
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Quantitative: experiments and survey methods
Qualitative: textual analysis and ethnographic methods |
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A social process in which individuals use symbols to establish and interpret meaning in their environment |
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is the construction of social reality |
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physical environment
time
realtionships
spirituality
vocation
language
thechnology |
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what can i do to happen next? |
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Contexts of communication: |
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*intrapersonal
interpersonal
smallgroup
organizational
public/rhetorical
mass intercultural
**disagreed upon |
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Careers in communication:
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research
public relations & advertising
education
consulting
human relations and management |
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Symbolic Convergence Theory: |
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*Earnest Borman*
groups interaction
fantasy theme analysis studies a type of comm that takes place in small groups |
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what does Symbolic Convergence Theory seek to explain? |
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explains the past, present and predics the future |
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Expectancy Violations Theory |
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*Judy Burgoon
We hold expectations about he nonverbal behavior of others |
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Space relations= proxemics |
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Intimate Distance- 0-18 in (touch, whisper)
Personal Distance- 19in-4ft (sales clerk, family)
Social distance-4-12ft (talking at a party)
Public distance- 12ft and ^ (teachers & Students) |
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we make sense of the world through systems of personal constructs |
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tall or short
hot or cold
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Social Penetration Theory: |
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*Altman and Taylor*
Self disclosure is the path to intimacy |
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Stages of Social Pentetration Theory |
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1. Orientation
2. Exploratory
3. Affective exchange
4. Stable Exchange |
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Uncertainty reduction theory |
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*Burger*
initial encounter with strangers |
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Social Information Processing |
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*Joe Whelther*
Impression formation- composite mental image of the other that one creates |
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Absence of nonverbal cues a flam in CMC a fatal flaw |
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*Baxter and Montgomery*
personal relationships are indeterminate processes of ongoing flux |
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push-me-pull-you dialects of close relationships |
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Contradiction: dynamic interplay between opposing tensions |
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Assumptions of Relational Dialects |
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-relationships are not linear
-relational life is characterized by change
-contradiction is the fundamental fact of relational life
-communication is central to onganizing and negotiating relational contradictions |
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3 relational dialects w/in relationships |
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1. connectedness vs seperateness
(primary strain in all relationships)
2. certainty vs uncertainty
3. openess vs closedness |
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3 parallel dialects b/w couple and community |
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1. inclusion and seclusion
2. conventionality and uniqueness
3. relevation and concealment |
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actions and values dont match |
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Functional perspective on group decision making |
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evaluation of + and - characteristics |
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analysis of problem
goal setting
id of alternatives
eval of + and - characteristics |
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most comments from groups |
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disrupt rather than promote progress towards the goal |
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