Term
|
Definition
| any bodily movement produced by contracting skeletal muscles with concomitant increase in energy exposure |
|
|
Term
| muscle contractions can be categorized by: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| static or isometric contractions |
|
Definition
produce no change in joint affected angle
muscle strength is only gained in one joint position not across a range of motion which limits the application of strength |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
produces a change in the affected joint angle
squat, pull up
allows muscle strength gains to occur across the full range of motion.
can better mimic Activity or sport ( functional) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1. leisure 2. occupational 3. household 4. transportation |
|
|
Term
| largest PA energy expenditure |
|
Definition
occupational 7.5/day
decreased 100 cal*day over past 5 decades |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| planned structured repetitive and purposeful activity that seeks to improve or maintain any component of fitness |
|
|
Term
true or false
exercise is always PA and PA is always exercise |
|
Definition
| false. Exercise is always PA but PA isn’t always exercise |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a set of attributes that people have or achieve that relates to the ability to perform physical activity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a set of attributes that people have or achieve that relates to the ability to perform physical activity |
|
|
Term
| what does physical activity include? |
|
Definition
| cardiorespiratory endurance; muscle strength, endurance and power; flexibility; agility; balance; reaction time; and body composition |
|
|
Term
| atheistic performance is a sub component of |
|
Definition
| physical fitness known as performance-related fitness |
|
|
Term
| what subcomponent of physical fitness focuses on Cardiorespiratory fitness, muscular endurance, muscular strength, flexibility, and body composition. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What does skill related fitness comprise of? |
|
Definition
Agility, balance, coordination, power, reaction time, and speed.
ones ability to function in a more skilled and efficient manner |
|
|
Term
| how far back is the promotion of exercise and health dated |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in the 20th century what were the pioneers hill and dill known for |
|
Definition
Hill is known for studying muscle mechanics and physiology
Dill is known for exercise responses in varying environmental conditions |
|
|
Term
| What is Michael Pollock known for? |
|
Definition
Exercise prescription and cardiac rehabilitation
He helped legitimize the role of cardiac rehabilitation as an integral part of medical treatment for patients with heart disease. |
|
|
Term
| What was the Framingham heart study and the Harvard alumni health study? |
|
Definition
The double decker bus study.
Findings show that physically active bus conductors suffered roughly half the coronary event and than more sedentary bus drivers. |
|
|
Term
| 1995 PA Recommendation from the ACS and CDC |
|
Definition
| Every adult accumulate 30 minutes or more of Moderat too intense city PA on most preferably all days of the week. |
|
|
Term
| 2007 updated PA guidelines and recommendations. |
|
Definition
| changed from most preferably all days of the week to five days each week. Recommended bigger SPA in about 10 minutes in duration to be counted towards the 30 minute daily goal. Specifics relating to muscle strengthening were also incorporated. |
|
|
Term
| 2008 physical activity guidelines for Americans |
|
Definition
| Did not specify a weekly frequency for aerobic activity instead the guidelines simply called for an accumulation of 150 minutes of moderate intensity PA on a weekly basis and suggested that they cumulative duration be spread throughout the week |
|
|
Term
| What did the 2008 Trpiano and colleagues landmark paper detailing the first objective assessment of PA among a nationally representative sample of American show? |
|
Definition
| That less than 4% of American adults 20 years of age and older were meeting public health recommendations for physical activity. |
|
|
Term
| What did the data from the early 1970s indicate about childhood obesity? |
|
Definition
| that 5% of 2 to 5-year-olds, 4% of 6 to 11-year-olds, and 6.1% of 12 to 19-year-old were obese |
|
|
Term
| What has the data over the past four decades show in child and adolescent obesity? |
|
Definition
| that 10.4% of 2 to 5-year-olds, 19.6% of 6 to 11-year-olds, and 18.1% of 12 to 19-year-olds are obese. |
|
|
Term
| evidence suggests that being physically active during childhood and adolescence positively influences what? |
|
Definition
| metabolic wrist factors related to type two diabetes, it helps increase bone the creation during youth in adolescence, and a greater peak bone mineral density. |
|
|
Term
| List of benefits associated with regular physical activity and increases in physical activity energy expenditure. |
|
Definition
| Weight reduction, reduce risk of type two diabetes, hypertension, CVA, colon cancer, and all cause mortality |
|
|
Term
| What percent of the US general population is either overweight or obese? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| in 2010 what was the estimate of direct and indirect costs associated with CVD and stroke in the United States? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the estimate of adults 20 to 59 years of age meeting public health recommendations for PA? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of physical activity is more important in older adults than younger adults? |
|
Definition
| Leisure time physical activity. |
|
|
Term
| True or false PA after first non-fatal myocardial infarction has been shown to reduce the risk for a second MI |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Reasons why PA during the late adulthood is important. |
|
Definition
| Decreased risk of falls, osteoporotic fracture’s. |
|
|
Term
| In a healthy individuals free of CVD diagnosis, does exercise present a risk for CVD related events particularly with moderate intensity exercise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When should someone obtain medical clearance before beginning a vigorous intensity exercise program? |
|
Definition
| when the individual with known or suspected cardiovascular pulmonary or metabolic disease |
|
|
Term
| What are the most common causes of sudden cardiac death? |
|
Definition
| congenital and hereditary abnormalities. |
|
|
Term
| How are high school and college athletes preparing for potential cardiac issues? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Although rare, rates of sudden cardiac death and a cute and I are disproportionately high in who? |
|
Definition
| Sedentary individual is performing in frequent exercise, such as a generally sedentary person shoveling heavy snow. |
|
|
Term
| what is the most likely mechanism of sudden cardiac death or MI? |
|
Definition
| an acute arterial insult that dislodges already present plaque, resulting in platelet aggregation it thrombosis |
|
|
Term
| Name activities or exercise that are associated with the highest risk of musculoskeletal injury |
|
Definition
Weight bearing or involve repetitive motion
jogging walking cycling weightlifting |
|
|
Term
what is the annual rate of musculoskeletal injury associated with running and jogging?
what percentage of US adults use jogging or running as the regular form of exercise? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do you do you minimize musculoskeletal injury from the outset? |
|
Definition
1. be diligent and choosing exercise mode and prescribe an exercise that are based on an individuals current fitness level and desires, along with any past exercise experiences.
2. start at a low level of intensity, frequency, and duration, and progress slowly
3. be aware of my clients aware of early signs of potential injury (increasing muscle soreness, bone and joint pain, excessive fatigue, and performance decrements). when noted, take appropriate precautions, which may include temporary ceasing the activity, more frequent rest days, or simply decreasing the frequency, intensity, or duration of exercise.
4. set realistic exercise goals to avoid over exercising |
|
|
