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53
Chemistry
Undergraduate 2
05/20/2012
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Term
Celsius to Kelvins:
 Definition
K = C + 273.15
Term
Fahrenheit to Celsius:
 Definition
C = (F - 32) / 1.8
Term
Celsius to Fahrenheit:
 Definition
F = 1.8 (C) + 32
Term
SI unit of temperature:
 Definition
Kelvin (K)
Term
SI unit of energy:
 Definition
joules (J)
Term
calorie to joules:
 Definition
1 cal = 4.184 J
Term
SI unit of pressure:
 Definition
Pascal (Pa)
Term
atm to Pascals:
 Definition
1 atm = 101,325 Pa
Term
atm to torr:
 Definition
1 atm = 760 torr
Term
atm to lb/in^2
 Definition
1 atm = 14.70 lb/in²
Term
torr to mmHg
 Definition
1 torr = 1 mmHg
Term
Avogadro's Number and
Atomic Mass Unit:
 Definition
6.022 x 10 ^ 23
Term
Gas constant of R:
 Definition
R = .08205 L*atm/mol*K
Term
Planck's constant (h):
 Definition
h = 6.626 x 10^ -34 J*s
Term
Electron charge (e):
 Definition
e = 1.602 x 10^ -19
Term
Density:
 Definition
d = m/V
Term
kilo (k):
 Definition
10^3
Term
deci (d):
 Definition
10^-1
Term
centi (c):
 Definition
10^-2
Term
milli (m):
 Definition
10^-3
Term
micro (sign):
 Definition
10^-6
Term
nano (n):
 Definition
10^-9
Term
pico (p):
 Definition
10^-12
Term
mega (M):
 Definition
10^6
Term
giga (G):
 Definition
10^9
Term
tera (T):
 Definition
10^12
Term
peta (P):
 Definition
10^15
Term
Solution dilution:
 Definition
M1 V1 = M2 V2
Term
Ideal Gas Law:
 Definition
PV = nRT
Term
Dalton's Law:
 Definition
P^total = P^a + P^b + P^c + ...
Term
Mole Fraction:
 Definition
X^a = n^a / n^total
Term
Average Kinetic Energy:
 Definition
KE^avg = 3/2RT
Term
Root Mean Square Velocity:
 Definition
little 'u' rms = square root [3RT/M]
Term
Effusion:
 Definition
(rate A/rate B) = square root [M^B / M^A]
Term
Kinetic Energy:
 Definition
KE = (1/2)mv²
Term
Internal Energy:
 Definition
∆E = q + w
Term
Heat Capacity:
 Definition
q = m X C^s X ∆T
Term
Change in Enthalpy:
 Definition
∆H = ∆E + P ∆V
Term
Frequency and Wavelength:
 Definition
v = c / λ

v - frequency
Term
Energy of a photon:
 Definition
E = hv

E = hc / λ
Term
De Broglie Relation:
 Definition
λ = h/mv
Term
Heisenberg's Uncertainty Principle:
 Definition
∆x * m * ∆v [greater than or equal to] h/4(pi)
Term
Metallic trend:
 Definition
Increasing downwards;
Increasing to the left.
Term
Electron Affinity (EA):
Negative or positive energy?
 Definition
The energy associated with gaining an electron in a gaseous state.
Negative energy. It releases energy.
Term
Ionization Energy for valence:
 Definition
Valence electrons are easier than core electrons to separate. Core requires huge amounts of energy to remove.
Term
Ionization Energy Trend:
 Definition
Increasing upwards;
Increasing to the right.
Term
Ionization energy is:
 Definition
an atom or ion energy required to remove an electron from the atom or ion in the gaseous state.
Term
An ionization equation is:
 Definition
Na -> Na^(+) + 1 e^-
(Means to REMOVE an electron.
Term
When an atom becomes an ion, what happens to the radii?
 Definition
Cations get smaller than their atom.
Anions get much bigger than their atom.
Term
Paramagnetic:
 Definition
An atom or ion that contains an unpaired electron.
Term
Diamagnetic:
 Definition
All electrons are paired.
Term
Effective Nuclear Charge:
 Definition
Z^eff = Z - S

(Z actual nuclear charge)
(S charge screened by other electrons)
Term
Atomic Radius Trends:
 Definition
Increasing downwards;
Increasing to the right.
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