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Definition
| when a force acts upon a body, its resulting change is speed. directly proportional to the force producing it and inversely proportional to the mass |
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Definition
| the artistic use of bending, twisting, rotating, balancing, and stretching movements to perform skills. has four basic types |
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Definition
| the artistic use of acrobatics and tumbling skill combined with dance and usually performed to music. accentuates the acrobatic and tumbling skills in a more spectacular and rhythmic manner, which is pleasing to the audience |
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Definition
| skills requiring controlled movements, utilizing a normal amount of flexibility |
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Definition
| are skills requiring an unusually supple and flexible body, often stretching the body beyond its normal limitations |
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Definition
| rotating and twisting movements done in rapid sequence requiring speed, agility, and strength. includes hands support moves as well as aerial rotations |
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| any skill done where the body is completely suspended in the air |
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Definition
| the ability to coordinate and use both sides of the body evenly |
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| refers to a movement being of full measure or maximum performance of the skill. exaggerated or expanded to the fullest |
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Definition
| equipment used to enhance gymnastic exercises |
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Definition
| basic position in which the back is hyper-extended (curved backward). arch is possible in the cervical and lumbar regions of the spine only |
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Definition
| line around which the body rotates |
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Definition
| body part or parts that support the total body weight. in a normal standing position the feet, in a handstand the hands |
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Definition
| ability of the body to maintain a stationary position when a force from any direction is exactly matched by equal forces from all other directions |
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Definition
| process of converting linear speed into elevation by driving your feet or hands into the mat at an angle contrary to the direction of motion. retards your motion in one direction and sends it someplace else. angle determines where you will go |
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Term
body positions
stretch stand |
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Definition
| feet together, parallel, arms stretched straight up by ears, head is erect, body is straight like the capitol letter I. body must be held tight, legs together |
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Term
body positions
stretch lying |
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Definition
| exact same as stretch stand, only the body is lying face down or face up. body must be held tight, legs together, toes pointed and arms stretched straight toward ears |
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Definition
| feet together, parallel, both knees bent, chest to knees, hands may be placed forward on the floor in front of the toes or wrapped around the knees |
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Definition
| same as tuck stand only the body is sitting on the floor |
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body positions
straddle stand |
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Definition
| same as stretch stand only the legs are in second position |
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Term
body positions
straddle sit |
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Definition
| same as straddle stand only the body is sitting on the floor |
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Term
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Definition
| start in stretch stand position. bend forward from hips, legs must remain straight, body tight |
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Term
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Definition
| same as pike stand only the body is sitting on the floor. toes must be pointed as body reaches forward as if to touch toes |
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Definition
| an error of execution during a performance |
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Definition
| (g) begin in a front support with hands in an overgrip. flex the hips and thrust the legs backward and upward while maintaining the support position with extended arms |
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Definition
| center of mass of any object. point at which the body will rotate if spun by an outside force |
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Definition
| (g) structure of gymnastics routine. each individual movement or skill is a building block, how they are arranged into an exercise is called the composition of the routine |
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Definition
| (g) competitive routine or vault that each performer is required to execute |
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Term
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Definition
| flow or togetherness of a routine. no unnecessary pauses or breaks |
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Definition
| an exceptionally supple and flexible acrobat (usually hyper-extended in the spinal column or in the arm and leg joints) who performs movements that go beyond normal limitations |
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Definition
| most basic uncomplicated form of a skill |
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Definition
| (g) the last skill, or series of skills in an apparatus routine that is executed prior to landing on the floor |
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Definition
| begin in a standing position with legs together and arms extended forward shoulder height, palms facing down. next execute two running steps, arms extended forward on first step and swing down and back behind body as far as possible on the second step. hop step forward, bend knee deeply and bend the body forward from the hip line (chest close to thigh) arms are still back. swing arms forward pushing away from the front leg, at the same time kicks the back leg upward and overhead. this moment will make the body travel forward to cover distance |
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Definition
two types
muscular-ability of a muscle to continue to contract over a period of time
cardiorespiratory-ability to continue aerobic activity over a period of time |
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Definition
| mat or tumbling surface for rolls on the floor |
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Definition
| process of decreasing the angle in the joint areas. complete extension is achieved when the joint is straight |
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Definition
| (g) when the body passes over a piece of equipment with the side of the body facing the equipment |
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Definition
| process of increasing the angle in the joint areas. completely acheived when the joint is bent to the maximum, increased mobility of joints |
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Definition
| the hand hold that a gymnast has on a piece of apparatus or paralletes |
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Definition
| acrobatics, tumbling, and dancing skills used in both floor exercise and apparatus. |
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Definition
| body is extended and slightly contracted in the torso |
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Term
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Definition
| extending forward, away from the body and parallel to the floor |
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Term
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Definition
| action of leaping, while moving forward from one foot to both feet or from one foot to landing on the same foot. allows the student to maintain forward running speed while changing leg position for projection into the ensuing skill |
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Term
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Definition
| two steps forward as the arms swing forward and upward. take off leg is brought up in the front to a retire position with a hop on the supporting leg. body inclines forward about 30 degrees. retire foot then steps forward to become the push leg of the next skill |
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Term
| canadian hurdle, swing time, or tempo |
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Definition
| ball change, hop step, hop step. created by tibor rudas, a european acrobat who had for many years a line of acrobatic dancers who performed throughout the world |
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Term
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Definition
| take two steps forward as the arms swing forward and upward. at the same time there is a hop on one leg while the opposite leg performs a low arabesque. the arabesque leg then steps forward to become the push leg of the next skill |
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Term
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Definition
| done from a two foot take off. jump off both feet, land on one foot and lunge forward on the second foot which becomes the push leg of the next skill |
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Term
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Definition
| a body at rest tends to remain at rest unless acted upon by an outside force. likewise a body in motion tends to remain in motion unless acted upon by an outside force. an outside force may be another person, object, gravity, or friction making contact with the body, or it may be muscular movement from within the body |
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Term
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Definition
| center of gravity around which a student rotates |
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Definition
| vertical position of the body with the body held upside down, as in a handstand |
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Definition
| straight body or slightly arched body position |
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Definition
| movement along the floor in one direction without deviation. known as translatory motion |
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Definition
| student working on top of the bottom man in a three high trick or stunt |
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Definition
| one hand in an over grip and the other in an undergrip |
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Definition
| the name given to locomotor movement that occurs when the center of gravity moves outside the base of support |
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Definition
| to exhault, to lift up. begin in standing position with legs together and arms down alongside the body. next execute two running steps with the arms down alongside the body. hop, pulling both arms in close to the chest with elbows near waist and hands in front of shoulders. step down onto the forward leg bending the knee slightly, arms still in the closed position at the chest. push away from the floor with the forward leg and at the same time reaches both arms up overhead lifting through the shoulders and kicking the back leg up and overhead. action of going over something high |
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Term
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Definition
| voluntary gymnastics exercise. routine with skills of the performer's choice |
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Term
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Definition
| grasping the bar with the thumbs pointing toward each other |
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Term
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Definition
| mats constructed of single layer resilient foam, ranging in thickness from 1-2 inches that can be folded into panels approximately 2 feet wide |
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Definition
| hips are flexed to varying degrees with straight legs |
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Definition
| (jump training) exercises or drills aimed at linking strength with speed of movement to produce power. enable a muscle to reach maximum strength in as short a time as possible |
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Definition
| period after flight after the hands have left the floor or the horse and up to the landing of the feet on the floor during handspring movements |
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Term
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Definition
| period of flight after feet leave the floor in tumbling (the board in vaulting) and up to the time that the hands contact the floor or the horse during handspring movements |
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Term
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Definition
| slow continuous pushing movement that is characterized by muscular action as a means of elevating the body to a hold position |
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Definition
| series of movements each based on the preceding one and each becoming more difficult |
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Definition
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Definition
| balance training. specialized variation of sensory modality of touch that encompasses the sensations of joint movement and joint position. |
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Definition
| spring up (bounce) resulting from the force of landing on the legs. uses very little flexion of the hips, knees, and ankles |
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Term
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Definition
| take off board for the vaulting event. can also be used to gain height for mounting other apparatus or teaching a wide variety of skills |
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Term
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Definition
| movement done in a rhythmic manner with apparatus that can be held and maneuvered by hand. includes balls, ropes, hoops, ribbons, and clubs. |
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Term
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Definition
| two or more positions or skills which are performed together creating a different skill or activity |
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Definition
| complete rotation of the body (360 degrees) from feet to feet or hands to hands during which no other part of the body comes in contact with the floor or apparatus |
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Term
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Definition
| refers to the system of manually assisting or being ready to manually assist a student or to focus on one thing while turning |
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Definition
| (g) landing executed with good technique and no movement of the feet |
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Definition
| ability to exert a tension against a resistence |
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Definition
| the action of bending the torso and the knees to the floor, deep plie position with or without placing the hands on the floor |
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Definition
| held position. referring to a pose or held stretch |
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Definition
| when the legs are straight and extended to the sides |
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Definition
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Definition
| position where the body is off the floor supported by the arms |
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Definition
| control of the speed and coordination of a movement in order that it may reach its maximum at a given moment |
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Definition
| the student doing the top work in tricks and stunts performed by two or more people |
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Term
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Definition
| position during which the knees are bent and tucked to the chest. head is forward and pulled to the knees. arms may hold the legs at the ankles, shins, or knees or can be used to assist in the acrobatic movement |
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Term
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Definition
| rotating and twisting movements done in rapid sequence requiring speed, agility, and strength. includes hand support moves as well as aerial rotations |
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Definition
| rotation right or left around the vertical axis of the body (a line extending from the head to the feet) |
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Definition
| placing the hands too close to the feet at the beginning of a back handspring causing the movement to stay in one place rather than travel backward |
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Definition
| (g) grasping the bar with the thumbs facing out |
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Definition
| bearer or base person in double acrobatic tricks or stunts |
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Definition
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Definition
| developmental mat filled with soft foam in the shape of a wedge used to assist in momentum or to lift the student to a specific height from the floor. many variations of dimensions are available |
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