Normal acid-base range

7.35- 7.45

1. Metabolic process require normal range
2. Balance is reflected by PH
3. PH is determined by number of acids and bases in blood

HCO3- H+= H2CO3=CO2+H20

Bicarbonate + Hydrogen = Carbonic Acid= Carbonic acid is weak it falls apart to from Carbon dioxide and H20

Increase in H= move toward Carbonic

Decrease in C02= move other way

K+ exchange for H+ to reduce acidity

Lungs- release C02 in acoditic state and retain C02 in alkaline state

Kidney increase/decrease H+ or HC03- secretion.

If you get acidic body hangs on to H+ if you get alkalinic body will dumb HC03 into urine

Acidosis-Excess of C02/ ineffective respiration

Alkalosis- Decreased C02/ excessive respirations

Acidosis- increased levels acid H+ and/ or decreased bicarb levels... have to have even number of bicarb and acid. ex... excessive metablic activity and or renal failure

Alkalosis- decrease H+ or increased Bicarb... ex metabolic loss of acids or gain of alkalinity d/t responce to drug overdose

Normal Lab Values

Where are these gases found?

• PH
• Paco2
• HC03

Ph- 7.35- 7.45

Paco2- 35-45= partical pressure of C02

HC03- 22-26

Found in arterial blood.... IT HAS NOTHING TO DO WITH VENOUS BLOOD.

Lungs blow off c02 or retain

Kidney adjust Bicarb and H+ion

How to interperite Arterial blood gases

Acid or Base?

Resp or Meta?

Acidosis=low ph

Alkalosis= high ph

Resp= PaCO2 change

Met HCO3- change

Interpreting ABGs

  Acidosis        Alkalosis

PH     7.2   7.40   7.6

 C02(lungs)     60   40   20

Metabolic(kidneys) 18   24   30

What ever is on same side of ac/alk is how you name

C02 and Met work op to try and resolve problem