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Accounting and Finance Terms
Let's review a few basic terms.
17
Accounting
Professional
01/13/2013

Additional Accounting Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term

Transactions

Definition

An event or activity that involves monetary value.

Term

Account

Definition

It is a space that we use in order to record and/or summarize certain type of expenses.

Term

Chart of Accounts

Definition

A list of all accounts, categorized and coded in groups that are related and consistent, some main (parent) accounts may have sub (child) account/s, sub accounts add up to the main account.

Term

Financial statement

Definition

It is a sheet or a report that summarizes certain set of accounts in an agreed layout which makes it easier for audience to read and analyse. 

 

Term
Revenue 
Definition

Money earned from selling goods or services.

Term

Expense

Definition

Cost of goods or services that a business buys and / or uses in order to earn revenue.

Term

Capital

Definition

It is the owner’s investment in the business; it is also the owner’s equity.

Term
Financial Statement
Definition
Any financial statement that represents money related transactions.  A financial statement (or set of statements) reflects a particular entity’s financial situation at a certain and specific time frame.  Financial statements are presented in an organized and agreed upon form and layout across businesses and countries to make it easier to read and analyze. 
Term
Income Statement
Definition
A statement that summarizes the entity's income and expenses over specific period of time.  It is a financial statement that reports the company's revenues and expenses over an interval of time.  It shows whether the company was able to generate enough revenue to cover the expenses of running the business.  If revenues exceed expenses, then the company report net income. If the expenses exceed revenues, the company reports a net loss. 
Term
Balence Sheet
Definition

 

A snapshot for the business at a particular point in time.  It shows everything in monetary terms, i.e., an organizations assets, liabilities, etc.  Any balance sheet share reflect sources of money that the business received and the uses of the money or where the organization has decided to utilize the money

Term
Cash Flow Statement
Definition
A report that summarizes the cash transaction into and from the organization over a period of time
Term
Portfolio Report
Definition
A report that summarizes critical financial information related to an organization's portfolio activities which does not sufficiently appear neither in a balance sheet or an income statement. 
Term
Non-Financial Data Report
Definition
A report that summarizes other necessary information related to the MFIs operations which is necessary for analysis.  
Term

A Reporting System has what three stages? 

Definition
  • transactions and input
  • processing
  • information and output
Term

Transaction Stage

Definition

The system recognizes unprocessed facts that do not give insights to management

 

Term

Processing Stage

Definition

The system applies a set of policies and procedures that enable organization to categorize and nurse transactions consistently

Term

Output Stage

Definition

Reports are produced that give insights and help in making decisions, this same concept apply on accounting or any other report producing system

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