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Definition
| A graphic representation of genetic inheritance |
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Symbols of a Pedigree
Male |
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Definition
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Symbols of a Pedigree
Female |
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Symbols of a Pedigree
Death |
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Definition
| Circle or Square with a line through it |
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Symbols of a Pedigree
Married |
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Definition
| A circle and a square joined together with a line |
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Symbols of a Pedigree
Children |
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Definition
Circle and a square joined together with a line and then a line branching down off of it.
The first child is on the left |
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Symbols of a Pedigree
Affected Individuals |
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Definition
| Circle or square colored in |
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Definition
| A sequence of bands that shows a persons DNA sequence |
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Definition
| Cut DNA at a specific sequence of nucleotides |
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Definition
Used to separate DNA fragments by size
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| What charge does DNA have? |
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Definition
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| In gel electrophoresis which fragments move the farest? |
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Definition
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| In gel electrophoresis which fragments dont move very far |
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Definition
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| In gel electrophoresis DNA fragments move through the gel to the ______ side |
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Definition
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Definition
| region of a chromosome that contains multiple copies of a DNA sequence |
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| Tandem repeats act as filler regions and do not code for ________ |
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Definition
Polymerase Chain Reaction
Process of making many copies of genes |
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Term
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Definition
Heat up DNA to separate the strands
Cool down DNA to add on nucleotides to make a two new strands |
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Term
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Definition
One organism is changed by a gene or genes from another organism
Ex. glow in the dark E. coli |
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Definition
method of cutting DNA from one organism and inserting the DNA into another organism |
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Definition
| DNA made by recombining fragments of DNA from different organisms |
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Definition
An organism that contains functional foreign DNA
Ex. glow in the dark E. coli |
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Definition
| genetically identical offspring produced rom a single cell |
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Definition
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| The harmful effects produced by mutated genes |
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Term
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Definition
Recessive disorder
Common in white americans
Causes mucus to accumulate in the lungs
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Definition
Recessive disorder
Affects central nervous systemCommon in US among Jews |
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Definition
Recessive disorder
Failure of brain to develop in infancy
Phenylalanine is not broken down and builds up
Newborns appear normal until they drink milk |
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Definition
Dominant disorder
Breakdown of certain areas of the brain
Onset usually between 30-50 |
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Definition
Dominant disorder
Dwarfism |
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Definition
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| _____ pairs of chromosomes in humans |
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Definition
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| _____ pairs of autosomes in humans |
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Definition
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| _____ pair of sex chromosomes in humans |
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Definition
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| In humans chromosome pairs 1-22 are called |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
| traits controlled by genes on sex chromosomes |
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| Sex linked traits are more common in |
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Definition
| Males because they have one X |
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| Red Green Color Blindness |
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Definition
Sex linked recessive
Failure of blood to clot |
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Term
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Definition
Sex linked recessive
wasting away of muscles |
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| X-Chromosome Inactivation |
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Definition
In female mammals one X in every cell is turned off
Ex. calico cat |
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Term
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Definition
A chart of chromosome pairs that is valuable in pinpointing unusual chromosome numbers in cells |
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Definition
Also called Trisomy 21
3 chromosomes on pair 21
due to nondisjunction |
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Definition
| Failure of the chromosomes to separate in meiosis |
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Definition
Also called trisomy 13
Multiple adnormalities
Fatal by one year of age |
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Definition
Also called trisomy 18
three chromosomes on chromosome pair 18
varying degrees of mental retadation
usually fatal by three months of age |
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Definition
only have on X (XO)
Femals
Sterile
shorter, stocky |
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Term
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Definition
XXX
females
usually fertile
abnormalities vary |
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Definition
XXY
males
sterile
may be mentally retarded
slight breast development
underdeveloped genitalia
sparse body hair |
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