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| The enforceable rules of conduct that govern the actions of buyers and sellers in market exchanges. |
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| Rules of conduct in any organized society that are enforced by the governing authority of the community. |
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| Law that involves suits between private individuals or groups. |
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| Law that involves suits between private individuals or groups and their governments. |
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| The body of laws that govern rights and responsibilities either between persons or between persons and their government. |
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| A classifi cation of law involving the rights and responsibilities an indi-vidual has with respect to the public as a whole. |
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| The general limits and powers of a government as interpreted from its written constitution. |
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| The assortment of rules and regulations put forth by legislatures. |
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| Laws created to account for the variability of laws among states. These laws serve to standard-ize the otherwise differ-ent interstate laws. Also called model laws. |
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| The collection of legal interpretations made by judges. They are con-sidered to be law unless otherwise revoked by a statutory law. Also known as common law. |
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| A tool used by judges to make rulings on cases on the basis of key similarities to previous cases. |
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| Standing by the deci-sion; a principle stating that rulings made in higher courts are bind-ing precedent for lower courts. |
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| Summaries of common law rules in a particular area of the law. Restate-ments do not carry the weight of law but can be used to guide interpreta-tions of particular cases. |
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| The collection of rules and decisions made by administrative agencies to fill in particular details missing from constitu-tions and statutes. |
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| A school of jurispru-dence which holds that because society requires authority, a legal and authoritarian hierarchy should exist. When a law is made, therefore, obedience is expected because authority created it. |
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Identification with the vulnerable |
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| A school of jurispru-dence which holds that society should be fair. Particular attention is therefore paid to the poor, the ill, and the elderly. |
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| A school of jurispru-dence that uses tradi-tions as the model for future laws and behavior. Also called tradition or custom. |
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| A school of jurispru-dence which holds that context must be con-sidered as well as law. Context includes fac-tors such as economic conditions and social conditions. |
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| An economic school of jurisprudence in which all costs and benefi ts of a law are given monetary values. Those laws with the highest ratios of ben-efi ts to costs are then preferable to those with lower ratios. |
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