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Abnormal Psychology> Test 2 10/23
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205
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
10/20/2012

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Term
Mood disorder
Definition
a class of mental disorders marked by severe changes in mood toward depression and/ or mania
Term
Unipolar mood disorder
Definition
a mood disturbance usually marked by depression only
Term
Bipolar mood disorder
Definition
a metal disturbance sometimes characterized by depression and mania
Term
Major depressive episode
Definition
a period of time, two weeks or longer, marked by sad or empty mood most of the day, nearly every day and other symptoms
Term
Major depressive disorder
Definition
a mental disorder often marked by multiple major depressive episodes
Term
dysthymic disorder
Definition
a mental disorder marked by a chronic feeling of depression and other symptoms for at least two years
Term
manic episode
Definition
a period during which a person feels highly euphoric or irritable
Term
mixed episode
Definition
a period during which a person experiences symptoms of mania and major depression
Term
bipolar I disorder
Definition
a mental disorder marked by one or more manic or mixed episodes
Term
hypomanic episode
Definition
a period during which a person experiences manic symptoms but without significant interference in daily functioning
Term
bipolar II disorder
Definition
a mental disorder marked by episodes of hypomania that alternate with episodes of major depression
Term
cyclothymic disorder
Definition
a mental disorder marked by fluctuating symptoms of hypomania and depression for at least two years
Term
suicide
Definition
the act of killing oneself
Term
negative cognitive triad
Definition
cognitive distortions involving the self, world and the future
Term
automatic thoughts
Definition
cognitive distortions of the negative cognitive triad that are constantly repeated and often associated with depression
Term
learned helplessness
Definition
a theory related to depression that people act in a helpless, passive fashion upon learning their actions have little effect on their overall environment
Term
hopelessness theory
Definition
a theory of depression that people are more likely to become depressed if they make global, internal and stable attributions about negative life events
Term
cognitive distortions
Definition
irrational, inaccurate thoughts that people have about environmental events
Term
expressed emotion
Definition
family interactions characterized by high levels of emotional over-involvement, hostility, and criticism
Term
hopelessness
Definition
a feeling of despair often related to severe depression and suicide
Term
selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors
Definition
a class of antidepressant medication that specifically affects serotonin levels and has fewer side effects than other antidepressants
Term
tricyclic antidepressants
Definition
a class of antidepressant medication that affects different neurotransmitter systems and often comes with many side effects
Term
monoamine oxidase inhibitors
Definition
a class of antidepressant drug that inhibits monoamine oxidase which breaks down neurotransmitters to increase levels of those neurotransmitters
Term
mood-stabilizing drugs
Definition
a medication used to help people control rapid shifts in mood
Term
electroconvulsive therapy
Definition
a procedure in which an electrical current is introduced to the brain to produce a seizure to alleviate sever mood disorder
Term
repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
Definition
a procedure to treat mood disorders that involves rapidly changing magnetic fields
Term
Sexual dysfunction
Definition
a mental disorder involving disturbance of the normal sexual response cycle
Term
Hypoactive sexual desire disorder
Definition
a sexual dysfunction marked by lack of sexual fantasies or desire to have sexual relations
Term
Sexual aversion disorder
Definition
a sexual dysfunction marked by active avoidance of sex or repulsion with sex
Term
female sexual arousal disorder
Definition
a sexual dysfunction in women marked by lack of arousal during sexual activity
Term
male erectile disorder
Definition
a sexual dysfunction in men marked by difficulty obtaining and maintaining a full erection during sexual activity
Term
female orgasmic disorder
Definition
a sexual dysfunction marked by delay or absence of orgasm during seual activity
Term
male orgasmic disorder
Definition
a sexual dysfunction in men characterized by delay or absence of orgasm during sexual activity
Term
dyspareunia
Definition
a sexual dysfunction characterized by pain during intercourse
Term
Vaginismus
Definition
a sexual dysfunction in women marked by recurrent vaginal pain
Term
spectator role
Definition
the process of attending more to and worrying about sexual behavior and performance than the enjoyment and pleasure of sexual activity
Term
stop-start procedure
Definition
a treatment for premature ejaculation that involves pinching the tip of the penis when sexual stimulation becomes intense
Term
sensate focus
Definition
a treatment for sexual dysfunction that helps couples reestablish intimacy while gradually rebuilding pleasurable sexual behaviors
Term
masturbation training
Definition
a treatment for people with orgasmic disorder that involves practicing effective masturbation and stimulation to enhance orgasm
Term
sexual disorder/ paraphilia
Definition
a mental disorder where sexual behavior or fantasies involve highly unusual activities
Term
exhibitionism
Definition
a paraphilia where the predominant focus of sexual activity is exposure of one's genitals to others such as strangers
Term
fetishism
Definition
a paraphilia where the predominant focus of sexual activity is some contact with a specific nonliving object
Term
frotteurism
Definition
a paraphilia where the predominant focus of sexual activity is physical contact with an unsuspecting person
Term
pedophilia
Definition
a paraphilia where the predominant focus of sexual activity is with children
Term
sexual masochism
Definition
a paraphilia where the predominant focus of sexual activity is a desire to be humiliated
Term
sexual sadism
Definition
a paraphilia where the predominant focus of sexual activity is a desire to humiliate
Term
transvestic fetishism
Definition
a paraphilia where the predominant focus of sexual activity is cross-dressing
Term
voyeurism
Definition
a paraphilia where the predominant focus of sexual activity is secretly watching others undress or engage in sexual activity without being seen
Term
aversion treatment
Definition
a treatment for paraphilias that involves associating paraphilic stimuli with unpleasant stimuli
Term
covert sensitization
Definition
a treatment for paraphilias that involves associating imaginal paraphilic scenes with descriptions of negative consequences or unpleasant events
Term
orgasmic reconditioning
Definition
a treatment for paraphilias that involves initial masturbation to a paraphilic stimulus and later masturbation to a more appropriate sexual stimuli
Term
gender identity disorder
Definition
a mental disorder marked by strong desire to be of the opposite gender and identifying oneself as a person of the opposite gender
Term
sex reassignment surgery
Definition
a treatment for people with gender identity disorder that involves phhysical transformation to the opposite gender
Term
What are the phases of ejaculation?
Definition
1)emission>seminal fluids get ready 2)propulsion>the shift between sympathetic nervous system and the parasympathetic nervous system makes the semen come
Term
What are the muscles in the penis associated with orgasm?
Definition
striate muscles
Term
What are the muscles responsible for dispelling the semen from the penis?
Definition
striate muscles
Term
What is the neurotransmitter associated with feelings of love association?
Definition
oxcitosin
Term
What are the three situations with the highest occurances for women?
Definition
birth
breast feeding
orgasm
Term
What is the highest occurance of oxcitosin for men?
Definition
sex
Term
Why do people have sex?
Definition
the oxcitosin provides a reward for orgasms and sex
Term
What are the two things needed for an erectioon?
Definition
-tumessence
-veno occlusion
Term
What is tumessence?
Definition
increase in blood volume
Term
What is veno occlusion?
Definition
limits the blood going out of the penis
Term
What is atypical depression?
Definition
over eat, over sleep
Term
What is melancholic depression?
Definition
loss of sex drive, more sadness/gloom, weight loss
Term
What is chronic depression?
Definition
major depressive episode that lasts two years or more
Term
What is catatonic depression?
Definition
person is very rigid and has a hard time moving
Term
What is psychotic depression?
Definition
hallucinations, paranoid(the hallucinations are congruent with the mood they are in)
Term
What is post partom depression?
Definition
happens four weeks after birth; feels like a horrible mother
Term
What is seasonal pattern depression?
Definition
get depressed due to lack of sunlight and must happen for at least two years
Term
What is beck's model of depression?
Definition
the theory that our personal beliefs and the given situation play into automatic thoughts which trigger a reaction.
Term
What are the four kinds of cognitive distortions?
Definition
*all or nothing
*magnification/catastrophizing
*mental filters
*over-generalization
Term
What is over-generalization?
Definition
saying how something bad could happen over and over again when in reality the bad thing only happened once
Term
What are mental filters?
Definition
all a person can rememeber is the one bad thing that happened because they filtered out all the positive things that happened
Term
Cognitive triad
Definition
aaron beck's concept Negative cognitions about the self world and future that play into depression
Term
What is the treatments to hypo-active sexual desire disorder?
Definition
*sensate focus
*hormonal treatment
Term
What is sensate focus?
Definition
initially banning sexual contact and rebuilding a couple's repertoire
Term
What do psychological approaches for sexual problems target?
Definition
marital conflict, exhaustion, trauma, depression, anxiety, and substance abuse
Term
What are the treatments for sexual aversion disorder?
Definition
-hormonal treatment
Term
What are the treatments for female sexual arousal disorder?
Definition
-hormonal treatment
Term
What is the treatment for male erectile disorder?
Definition
-sildenafil
-implants
-vacuum system
Term
What are the three kinds of implants that help with male erectile disorder?
Definition
-inflatable, semi rigid and continually rigid
Term
What is the vacuum system?
Definition
a treatment for male erectile disorder in which a tube is placed around the penis and a pump helps draw blood into the penis
Term
What is sildenafil?
Definition
a medication that helps to increase blood flow to the penis and thus to form an erection
Term
What is the treatment for female orgasmic disorder?
Definition
masturbation training
Term
What is masturbation training?
Definition
partner practices effective masturbation and stimulation so orgasm is enhanced and brought about more quickly
Term
What is the treatment for male orgasmic disorder?
Definition
masturbation training
Term
What are the treatments for premature ejaculation?
Definition
*anti-depressants
*stop-start procedure
Term
What is the stop-start procedure?
Definition
the penis is stimulated by the man or a partner until an erection occurs and ejaculation seems close. the top of the penis is then pinched to suppress stimulation, prevent ejaculation and allow the erection to be maintained longer
Term
What are the treatments for dyspareunia?
Definition
-vaginal lubricants
-hormone replacement therapy
-kegel exercises
Term
What are kegel exercises?
Definition
involve inserting a finger into the vagina and then systematically squeezing and releasing the vaginal muscles
Term
What are the treatments for vaginismus?
Definition
-kegel exercises
-vaginal lubricants
-hormone replacement
-psychological treatment focused on initially prohibiting intercourse and gradually inserting dialators to increase vaginal size, practicing relaxation training,and using kegel exercises to stregthen vaginal area
Term
What are the physiological signs of arousal in women?
Definition
tingling, warmth, pulsing/throbbing and sensation of fullness in the genitals. Tightening in the pelvic muscles.
Increased heart beat.
Increased sweating.
Increased breathing.
Cheeks get flush.
Term
What are the criteria to diagnose cyclothymic disorder?
Definition
-pattern lasts for a minimum of two years
-never free of symptoms for more than two months
-mania must last at least seven days
-at least one major depressive episode
-same symptoms as bipolar I
Term
What are the symptoms for Bipolar I?
Definition
-talk very fast
-mind going too quickly
-sense of grandiosity
-irritability and destructive behavior/impulsivity
-distractibility
-don't need to eat and sleep
-feels like everyone else is dumb
Term
What are the criteria to diagnose dysthymic disorder?
Definition
-at least two years
-depressive symptoms that are present for most of the day for more days than not
Term
What are the criteria to diagnose double depression?
Definition
-starts out as dysthmia and has dips of major depression
-
Term
What are five symptoms to diagnose major depressive episode?
Definition
-depressed mood most of the day almost every day
-no longer interested in previously pleasurable activities
-sleep problems
-change in appetite/weight
-suicidal thoughts
-difficulties concentrating/making decisions
-irrational guilt
-hard to sit still/move
-hopelessness
-worthlessness
Term
What are the two most important criteria to diagnose major depressive episode?
Definition
-depressed mood most of the day almost every day
-no longer interested in previously pleasurable activities
Term
What are the criteria to diagnose major depressive episode?
Definition
-at least one of the two most important symptoms
-two weeks or more in duration
-five or more symptoms total
-occurs daily
Term
What are the criteria to diagnose bipolar one?
Definition
*mania for at least seven days
*marked impairments
*at least one major depressive episode
Term
what are the criteria to diagnose bipolar two?
Definition
*hypomania lasts at least four days
*at least one major depressive episode
*same symptoms as bipolar one just less intense
Term
What is hypomania?
Definition
a less severe form of mania
Term
What are the three DSM-IV Bipolar Spectrum disorders?
Definition
-Bipolar I disorder
-Bipolar II disorder
-Cyclothymic disorder
Term
What are the three DSM-IV depressive spectrum disorders?
Definition
-major depressive disorder
-dysthymic disorder
-double depression
Term
According to masters and johnson what are the four stages of sexual cycle?
Definition
arousal
plateu
orgasm
resolution
Term
True or False:
according to masters and johnson there are many different sex cycles that a woman can go through.
Definition
true
Term
According to masters and johnson men can go through how many different sex cycles?
Definition
one
Term
What did helen kaplan propose about the human sex cycle?
Definition
that the masters and johnson model lacked the desire component
Term
What did Rosmarie Basson propose regarding the sex cycle?
Definition
a secular model for women that may not have desire fantasy
Term
WRITE OUT THE R BASSON CIRCULAR MODEL FOR SEX CYCLE.
Definition
SEE DIAGRAM 6
Term
What is David Barlow's model of sexual dysfunction?
Definition
The man interprets symptoms of arousal as symptoms of anxiety, then they look for other anxiety stimuli which are not sexually relevant which gives them no erection which factors back into the cycle of negative thought patterns
Term
What is response style theory?
Definition
that people who are depressed are depressed because they are so focused on their sad thoughts
Term
What is a paraphilia?
Definition
recurrent, intense sexual urges, fantasies or behaviors that involve unusual objects, activities or situations
Term
What were the two historical treatment for paraphilias?
Definition
-castration
-removal of hypothalamus
Term
What are some of the current biological treatments for paraphilias?
Definition
medication
*depro-provero
*lupro
Term
What does the medication treatment for paraphilias actually do?
Definition
reduces arousal
reduces urges
Term
What does the medication treatment for paraphilias suggest?
Definition
that there is an obsessive compulsive component to it
Term
What are the psychological treatment for paraphilias?
Definition
-aversive conditioning
-covert sensitzation
-orgasmic reconditioning
-cognitive restructuring
-empathy training
-relapse training
Term
What is relapse training?
Definition
taught to recognize the early signs of temptation and triggers
Term
What is empathy training?
Definition
recognize the harm caused by the paraphilia
Term
What is cognitive restructuring?
Definition
challenge and reduce cognitive distortions
Term
What is orgasmic reconditioning?
Definition
masturbate to preferred fantasy until close to orgasm then switch to non-paraphilic fantasy
Term
What is covert sensitization?
Definition
sexually arousing images paired with aversive mental images
Term
What is aversive conditioning?
Definition
undesired behavior paired with aversive stimuli
Term
What are going to be the DSM V changes regarding paraphilias?
Definition
-Paraphilias are no longer going to be considered mental disorders and will be given their own chapter
-paraphilias will be unable to be diagnosed in certain situtaions especially regarding remission
Term
What are the treatments for depression?
Definition
-SSRIs
-tricyclic antidepressants
-monoamine oxidase inhibitors
-wellbutrin
-effexor
-electroconvulsive therapy
-repetitive transcranial magnetic sitmulation
-light therapy
-behavioral activation
-contingency management
-self-control therapy
-social skills training
-coping or problem-solving skills training
-cognitive therapy
-mindfulness
-interpersonal therapy
Term
What is contingency management?
Definition
involve training significant others not to reinforce depressive behavior and instead reinforce active pro-social behavior
Term
What is self-control therpay?
Definition
may involve having a person reinforce themselves for active-non depressed behaviors
Term
What is mindfulness?
Definition
help people experience the present rather than dwell on past failures or negative expectations about the future
Term
What is interpersonal therapy?
Definition
concentrate on exploring a person's unrealistic expectations of others, solving interpersonal problems effectively, finding new friends and improving methods of good communication
Term
What is behavioral activation?
Definition
psycho-education about depression, increasing daily activities and exercise and rewarding progress
Term
What is repetitive trasncranial magnetic stimulation?
Definition
placing an electromagnetic coil on a person's scalp and introducing a pulsating high-intensity current
Term
What are the treatments for a manic episode?
Definition
-electroconvulsive therapy
-repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
Term
What are the treatments for bipolar I?
Definition
-mood stabilizing drugs{lithium, dibalproex, carbamazepine, antipsychotic medications, lamotrignine}
-cognitive therapy
Term
What are the treatments for major depressive episode?
Definition
-electroconvulsive therapy
-repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
Term
What are the treatments for dysthymic disorder?
Definition
-electroconvulsive therpay
-repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation
Term
What are the treatments for a hypomanic episode?
Definition
-electroconvulsive therapy
-repetitive magnetic stimulation
Term
What are the treatments for bipolar II disorder?
Definition
-mood stabalizing drugs{lithium, divalproex, carbamazepine, antipsychotic medications, lamotrignine}
-cognitive therapy
Term
What are the treatments for cyclothymic disorder?
Definition
-electroconvulsive therapy
-repetitive magnetic stimulation
Term
What are treatments for suicidality?
Definition
-hospitalization
-medication
-electroconvulsive therapy
-commitment to treatment statements
Term
What is a commitment to treatment statement?
Definition
an agreement between a therapist and client that the client will commit to the treatment process and to living, openly communicate about suicidal thoughts, urges and access emergency care when needed
Term
What are the biological factors of depression?
Definition
-oligogenic transmission
-reduced activity and size in prefrontal and other cortical areas of the brain
-decreased serotonin levels
-brain changes in the area of the cortical-limbic circuits
-lwo levels of dopamine and norepinephreine
-increased levels of cortisol
-underactive thyroid conditions
-suppressed levels of growth hormone and prolactin
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of depression?
Definition
-enter REM sleeo more quickly
-display less slow-wave/deep sleep than normal
-intense and less stable REM sleep
-Negative cognitive triad
-automatic thoughts
-focus their themes of loss, personal failure, inadequacy and worthlessness
-hopelessness theory
-learned helplessness
-interpersonal difficulties
-communication problems
Term
What are the Communication problems of people with depression?
Definition
speak slowly and softly, have flat affect, or little emotion when speaking and pause a long time before responding to others
Term
What are the biological factors of a manic episode?
Definition
-reduced activity and size changes in pre-frontal and other cortical areas of the brain
-reduced white and gray matter in the brain
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of a manic episode?
Definition
-sleep very little
Term
What are the biological factors of Bipolar I?
Definition
-genetics
-reduced activity and size changes in pre-frontal and other cortical areas of the brain
-reduced white and gray matter in the brain
-brain changes in the area of the limbic-thalamic cortical circuits
-lower than normal levels of serotonin but higher levels of norepinephrine and high levels of dopamine
-rapid cycling related to a less active thyroid
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of bipolar I??
Definition
-sleep very little
-disrupted REM and slow-wave sleep
-poor parenting, family cohesion and marital conflict relate to childhood diagnosis
Term
What are the biological factors of a major depressive episode?
Definition
-reduced activity and size changes in pre-frontal and other cortical areas of the brain
Term
What are the biological factors of dysthymia?
Definition
-reduced activity and size changes in prefrontal and other cortical areas of the brain
Term
What are the biological factors of a mixed episode?
Definition
-reduced activity and size changes in pre-frontal and other cortical areas of the brain
-reduced white and gray matter in the brain
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of a mixed episode?
Definition
sleep very little
Term
What are the biological factors of a hypomanic episode?
Definition
-reduced activity and size changes in pre-frontal and other cortical areas of the brain
-reduced white and gray matter in the brain
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of a hypomanic episode?
Definition
sleep very little
Term
What are the biological factors of bipolar II?
Definition
-genetics
-reduced activity and size changes in pre-frontal and other cortical areas of the brain
-reduced white and gray matter in the brain
-brain changes in the area of the limbi-thalamic cortical circuits
-lower than normal levels of serotonin but higher levels of norepinephrine and high levels of dopamine
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of bipolar II?
Definition
-sleep very little
-disrupted REM and slow-wave sleep
-poor parenting, family cohesion and marital conflict relate closely to childhood diagnosis
Term
What are the biological factors of cyclothymia?
Definition
-reduced activity and size changes in pre-frontal and other cortical areas of the brain
-reduced white and gray matter in the brain
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of cyclothymia?
Definition
sleep very little
Term
What are the biological factors of suicidality?
Definition
-reduced activity and size changes in pre-frontal and other cortical areas of the brain(related to decreased serotnin levels)
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of suicidality?
Definition
-intense negative emotions from stressful life events and difficulty handling stress
-tendency to solve problems by avoiding and escaping them
-long-term increases in negative arousal and distress when think about or attempting suicide
Term
What are the biological factors of hypoactive sexual desire disorder?
Definition
-antidepressant medication
-erectile dysfunction due to smoking
-prostate cancer
-gynecological cancers
-menopause
-diabetes, pain, renal disease, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries and paralysis
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of hypoactive sexual desire disorder?
Definition
-anxiety or worry during sexual performance about satisfactorily pleasing either themselves or their partner
-the spectator role
Term
What are the interpersonal factors of hypoactive sexual desire disorder?
Definition
-poor interactions between partners during sex
-a cycle of anxiety, lack of control, expectation failure and more avoidance
Term
What are the biological factors of sexual aversion disorder?
Definition
-prostate cancer
-gynecological cancers
-diabetes, pain, renal disease, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries and paralysis
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors for sexual aversion disorder?
Definition
-anxiety or worry during sexual performance about satisfactorily pleasing either themselves or their partner
-the spectator role
Term
What are the interpersonal factors for sexual aversion disorder?
Definition
-Poor interactions between partners during sex
-A cycle of anxiety, lack of control, expectation of failure and more avoidance
Term
What are the biological factors of female sexual arousal disorder?
Definition
-Low sexual arousal due to antidepressant medication and erectile dysfunction to smoking
-cervical cancer and other gynecological cancers as well as menopause
-diabetes, pain, renal disease, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, and paralysis
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of female sexual arousal disorder?
Definition
-Low sexual arousal due to antidepressant medication and erectile dysfunction to smoking
-cervical cancer and other gynecological cancers as well as menopause
-diabetes, pain, renal disease, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, and paralysis
Term
What are the interpersonal factors of female sexual arousal disorder?
Definition
poor interactions between partners during sex
Term
What are the biological factors of male erectile disorder?
Definition
-related to illness and hypertension
-prostate cancer
-diabetes, pain, renal disease, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, and paralysis
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of male erectile disorder?
Definition
-Anxiety or worry during sexual performance about satisfactorily pleasing
One’s self and one’s partner
-The spectator role>greater concern with evaluating performance than enjoying relaxed sexual activity
Term
What are the interpersonal factors of male erectile disorder?
Definition
poor interactions between partners during sex
Term
What are the biological factors of female orgasmic disorder?
Definition
-cervical cancer and other gynecological cancers as well as menopause
-diabetes, pain, renal disease, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, and paralysis
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of female orgasmic disorder?
Definition
-Anxiety or worry during sexual performance about satisfactorily pleasing
One’s self and one’s partner
-The spectator role>greater concern with evaluating performance than enjoying relaxed sexual activity
Term
What are the interpersonal factors of female orgasmic disorder?
Definition
-Poor interactions between partners during sex
Term
What are the biological factors of male orgasmic disorder?
Definition
-Prostate cancer
-diabetes, pain, renal disease, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, and paralysis
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of male orgasmic disorder?
Definition
-Anxiety or worry during sexual performance about satisfactorily pleasing
One’s self and one’s partner
-The spectator role>greater concern with evaluating performance than enjoying relaxed sexual activity
Term
What are the interpersonal factors of male orgasmic disorder?
Definition
-Poor interactions between partners during sex
Term
What are the biological factors of premature ejaculation?
Definition
-prostate cancer
-diabetes, pain, renal disease, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, and paralysis
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of premature ejaculation?
Definition
-Anxiety or worry during sexual performance about satisfactorily pleasing
One’s self and one’s partner
-The spectator role>greater concern with evaluating performance than enjoying relaxed sexual activity
Term
What are the interpersonal factors of premature ejaculation?
Definition
-Poor interactions between partners during sex
Term
What are the biological factors of dyspareunia?
Definition
-poor vaginal lubrication
-diminished elasticity
-scar tissue
-infection
-anatomical problems
-Low sexual arousal due to antidepressant medication and erectile dysfunction to smoking
-cervical cancer and other gynecological cancers as well as menopause
-diabetes, pain, renal disease, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, and paralysis
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of dyspareunia?
Definition
-Anxiety or worry during sexual performance about satisfactorily pleasing
One’s self and one’s partner
-The spectator role>greater concern with evaluating performance than enjoying relaxed sexual activity
Term
What are the interpersonal factors of dyspareunia?
Definition
-Poor interactions between partners during sex
Term
What are the biological factors of vaginismus?
Definition
-cervical cancer and other gynecological cancers as well as menopause
-diabetes, pain, renal disease, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injuries, and paralysis
Term
What are the cognitive/behavioral factors of vaginismus?
Definition
-Anxiety or worry during sexual performance about satisfactorily pleasing
One’s self and one’s partner
-The spectator role>greater concern with evaluating performance than enjoying relaxed sexual activity
Term
What are the interpersonal factors of vaginismus?
Definition
-Poor interactions between partners during sex
Term
How can you measure female sexual responses?
Definition
female photoplethysmography
Term
How can you measure male sexual responses?
Definition
male photoplethysmography
Term
What does a female photoplethysmography measure?
Definition
blood flow in the vagina
Term
What does a male photoplethysmography measure?
Definition
an erection
Term
How does a female photophlethysmography work?
Definition
. A vaginal photoplethysmograph is a clear acrylic, menstrual tampon-shaped device that contains a light source, and a light detector. The light source illuminates the capillary bed of the vaginal wall and the blood circulating within it. As the amount of blood in the vaginal tissue increases, more light is reflected into the photosensitive cell of the device
Term
Where is a woman's G-spot?
Definition
immediately inside the vagina and up.
Term
What is a woman's G-spot?
Definition
the closest area to the clitoris from the outside
Term
What is another name for gender identity disorder?
Definition
dysphoria
Term
What is gender?
Definition
culturally constructed roles
Term
What is sex?
Definition
whether a person has a vagina or a penis
Term
What is sexual orientation?
Definition
what sex you are attracted to
Term
What mood disorder is highly comorbid with gender identity disorder?
Definition
depression
Term
What are the three treatments for gender identity disorder?
Definition
*gender-reassignment surgery
*hormone therapy
*psychotherapy
Term
True or False:
High levels of suiidality and homicidality are not common with gender identity disorder.
Definition
false
Term
What is the prevalence of gender identity disorder for people who were born men?
Definition
1 in 10,000
Term
What is the prevalence of gender identity disorder for people who were born women?
Definition
1 in 30,000
Term
What is the etiology of gender identity disorder?
Definition
gender dysmorphic structures in the brain, match that of the desired gender
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