Term
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Definition
| The psychological sense of being male or female |
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Term
| Gender dysphoria definition |
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Definition
| Diagnosis applies to people who experience significant personal distress or impaired functioning as a result of a conflict between their anatomic sex and their gender identity – their sense of maleness or femaleness |
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Term
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Definition
| A psychosocial concept distinguishing maleness from femaleness |
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Term
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Definition
| Societal expectations of behaviors appropriate for men and women |
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Term
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Definition
| Our psychological sense of ourselves as females or males |
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Term
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Definition
• People who have the psychological sense of belonging to one gender while possessing the sexual organs of the other
• Not all people with transgender identity have gender dysphoria |
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Term
| Gender dysphoria in children |
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Definition
• Often begins in childhood
• It is intended to apply to children who repudiate their biologic and associated characteristics in a number of ways
• In childhood may end before adolescence, as children become more accepting of their biologic sex or come to terms with having transgender identity |
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Term
| Key features of gender dysphoria in childhood |
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Definition
• Strong desire to be a member of the other gender
• Strong preferences for playing with members of the other gender
• Feelings of disgust and personal distress about one’s sexual anatomy
• Desires to have physical characteristics associated with one’s experienced gender
• Preferences for assuming roles of the other gender in make believe or fantasy play
• Preferences for wearing clothing typically associated with the other gender |
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Term
| Transgender identity in DSM-V |
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Definition
| GID was replaced in DSM-5 with gender dysphoria to emphasize the intense discomfort or distress that transgender people may experience from the mismatch between their gender identity and designated gender |
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Term
| Psychodynamic theory on transgender identity |
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Definition
• Point to extremely close mother-son relationships
• Empty relationships with parents
• Fathers who were absent or detached |
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Term
| Learning theory on transgender identity |
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Definition
• Also point to father absence in the case of boys – to the unavailability of a strong male role model
• Children who were reared by parents who had wanted children of the other gender and who strongly encouraged cross-gender dressing |
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Term
| Psychosocial theory on transgender identity |
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Definition
| Psychosocial influences interact with a biological predisposition in influencing the development of transgender identity |
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Term
| Biological theory on transgender identity |
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Definition
• May result from the effects of male sexual hormones on the developing brain during prenatal development
• Evidence links high levels of testosterone during prenatal development to more masculinized play in children
• Disturbance in the endocrine environment during gestation leads the brain to become differentiated with respect to gender identity in one direction while the genitals develop normally in the other direction
• Lack direct evidence |
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Term
| Overall theory of transgender identity |
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Definition
| A combination of genetic and hormonal influences may create a disposition that interacts with early life experiences in leading to the development of transgender identity |
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Term
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Definition
| Individual gets sexual arousal out of cross dressing |
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Term
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Definition
• Often heterosexual males
• Enjoy crossdressing |
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Term
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Definition
• Transgender individuals who undergo sexual reassignment surgery
• Believe they were born the wrong gender |
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Term
| Transvestism prevalence rate |
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Definition
• 0.5 - 5% of males in population
• 98% of crossdressers |
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Term
| Transsexualism prevalence rate |
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Definition
| • Less than 1% of crossdressers |
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Term
| Ashley's theory on transgender identity |
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Definition
• It is more of a compulsion than for sexual gratification
• Can be anyone
• Won't know until they tell you
• Usually starts at a young age |
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