Term
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Definition
mental disorders involving dysfunctional personality traits and associated problems such as relationship disturbances and impulsive behavior |
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Term
Paranoid personality disorder |
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Definition
personality disorder marked by general distrust and suspiciousness of others |
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Term
schizoid personality disorder |
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Definition
Personality disorder marked by social isolation and restricted emotional expression |
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Term
What are the three main clusters of personality disorders? |
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Definition
-odd/eccentric group -dramatic/erratic/emotional group -anxious/fearful group |
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Term
What personality disorders are included in the anxious/fearful cluster? |
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Definition
avoidant, dependent and obsessive compulsive personality disorders |
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Term
What personality disorders are included in the dramatic/erratic/emotional group? |
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Definition
antisocial, borderline, histrionic, and narcissistic personality disorders |
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Term
What 3 personality disorders are included in the odd/eccentric group? |
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Definition
paranoid, schizoid, and schizotypal personality disorders |
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Term
Schizotypal personality disorder |
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Definition
personality disorder marked by social anxiety, paranoid fears, and eccentric behavior, perceptions and thoughts |
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Term
What percent of the population gets a personality disorder? |
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Definition
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Term
What percent of the general population gets odd or eccentric personality disorders? |
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Definition
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Term
Antisocial personality disorder |
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Definition
personality disorder marked by extreme, disregard for and violation of the rights of others and impulsive behavior |
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Term
What is often a predecessor of antisocial personality disorder? |
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Definition
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Term
What is conduct disorder? |
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Definition
aggression toward people and animals, property destruction, deceitfulness or theft, and serious violations of laws and rules. |
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Term
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Definition
diagnostic construct related to antisocial personality disorder; psychopathy focuses on problematic interpersonal styles such as arrogance, lack of empathy and manipulativeness |
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Term
Borderline personality disorder |
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Definition
personality disorder marked by impulsivity, difficulty controlling emotions, and self-mutilation or suicidal behavior |
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Term
histrionic personality disorder |
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Definition
Personality disorder marked by excessive need for attention, superficial and fleeting emotions and impulsivity |
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Term
narcissistic personality disorder |
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Definition
personality disorder marked by grandiosity, arrogance, and a tendency to exploit others |
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Term
What is the percentage of dramatic personality disorder in the general population? |
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Definition
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Term
Who is more likely to have antisocial personality disorder, men or women? |
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Definition
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Term
Who is more likely to have borderline personality disorder, men or women? |
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Definition
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Term
Histrionic personality disorder is more common among men or women? |
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Definition
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Term
Narcissistic personality disorder is more common among men or women? |
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Definition
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Term
True or false: Dramatic personality disorders are not highly co morbid with psychological problems and other mental disorders. |
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Definition
false. dramatic personality disorders are highly comorbid with psychological problems and other mental disorders |
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Term
Avoidant personality disorder |
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Definition
personality disorder marked by anxiousness and feelings of inadequacy and socially ineptness |
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Term
Dependent personality disorder |
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Definition
Personality disorder marked by extreme submissiveness and a strong need to be liked and be taken care of by others |
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Term
Obsessive compulsive personality disorder |
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Definition
Personality disorder marked by rigidity, perfectionism and strong need for control |
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Term
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Definition
Assessment methodology where individuals who know a person well complete ratings of his personality traits and behavior |
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Term
dialectical behavior therapy |
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Definition
cognitive-behavioral treatment for suicidal behavior and related features of borderline personality disorder |
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Term
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Definition
a class of mental disorder marked by schizophrenia and related problems |
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Term
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Definition
lack of variety in emotional expression and speech |
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Term
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Definition
emotion not appropriate for a given situation |
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Term
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Definition
irrational beliefs involving a misinterpretation of perceptions or life experiences |
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Term
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Definition
sensory experiences a person believes to be true when actually they are not |
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Term
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Definition
tendency to remain in a fixed stuperous state for long periods |
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Term
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Definition
a psychotic disorder marked by positive symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations, negative symptoms such as flat affect, and withdrawal, and disorganized behavior |
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Term
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Definition
symptoms such as delusions and hallucinations that are obvious and excessive |
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Term
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Definition
symptoms such as flat affect and alogia that represent significant deficits in behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
disconnected, fragmented, interrupted, jumbled and/or tangential speech |
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Term
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Definition
unusual motor behaviors in people with schizophrenia |
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Term
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Definition
lack of variety in emotional expression and speech |
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Term
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Definition
speaking very little to other people |
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Term
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Definition
an inability or unwillingness to engage in goal-directed activities |
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Term
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Definition
lack of pleasure or interest in life activities |
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Term
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Definition
an initial phase of schizophrenia marked by peculiar thoughts and behaviors but without active psychotic features |
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Term
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Definition
a phase of schizophrenia between the prodromal and active phases involving the onset of the first positive symptoms of schizophrenia |
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Term
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Definition
a phase of schizophrenia marked by full-blown psychotic features such as delusions and hallucinations |
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Term
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Definition
a phase of schizophrenia usually after the active phase involving peculiar thoughts and behaviors similar to the prodromal phase |
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Term
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Definition
a subtype of schizophrenia marked by persecutory or grandiose delusions, auditory hallucinations, and good cognitive functioning |
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Term
Disorganized schizophrenia |
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Definition
a subtype of schizophrenia marked by odd or fragmented speech, behavior, and emotions |
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Term
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Definition
a subtype of schizophrenia marked by abnormal motor symptoms |
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Term
Undifferentiated schizophrenia |
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Definition
a subtype of schizophrenia marked by a mixture of symptoms that do not clearly match other subtypes |
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Term
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Definition
a subtype of schizophrenia marked by negative symptoms and odd, withdrawn behavior |
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Term
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Definition
a dimension that organizes people with schizophrenia by the degree to which they experience delusions and hallucinations |
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Term
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Definition
a dimension that organizes people with schizophrenia by the degree to which they experience fragmented speech, odd behavior, and inappropriate affect |
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Term
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Definition
a dimension that organizes people with schizophrenia by the degree to which they experience deficit behaviors such as flat affect and alogia |
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Term
Schizophreniform disorder |
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Definition
a psychotic disorder marked by symptoms of schizophrenia that last one to six months and do not greatly interfere with daily life functioning |
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Term
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Definition
a psychotic disorder marked by symptoms of schizophrenia and a mood disorder |
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Term
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Definition
a psychotic disorder marked by one or more delusions without other features of schizophrenia |
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Term
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Definition
a psychotic disorder marked by features of schizophrenia lasting one day to one month |
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Term
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Definition
a mental condition marked by psychotic symptoms in a mother following the birth of her child |
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Term
Shared psychotic disorder |
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Definition
a delusion that develops in people because of their close relationship with another person who also has a delusion |
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Term
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Definition
Low blood flow and oxygen to the brain |
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Term
Neurodevelopmental Hypothesis |
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Definition
a general etiological model for psychotic disorders that assumes early changes in key brain areas and gradual progression over the life span to full-blown symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
an understanding of the thoughts and beliefs of others |
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Term
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Definition
a class of older drugs to treat schizophrenia and related psychotic disorder primarily by reducing excess levels of dopamine in the brain |
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Term
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Definition
a newer class of drugs to treat schizophrenia and related psychotic disorders |
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Term
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Definition
a group of side effects from antipsychotic medication involving involuntary movements of different parts of the body |
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Term
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Definition
an inpatient treatment approach involving professionals and staff member encouraging a person with a severe mental disorder to engage in pro-social and therapeutic activities |
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Term
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Definition
an operant conditioning system in which desired behaviors are promoted through reinforcements |
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Term
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Definition
Negative self-evaluation of what one's body looks like |
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Term
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Definition
a focus on, and often negative evaluation of one's weight |
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Term
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Definition
a class of mental disorder involving severe body dissatisfaction, weight concerns, and eating problems as well as significant distress, excessive limits on activities, or increased risk for medical problems |
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Term
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Definition
restricting eating or excessive dieting as well as a lack of control over eating |
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Term
Restricted eating/ dieting |
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Definition
deliberate attempts to limit quantity of food intake or change types of foods that are eaten |
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Term
lack of control over eating |
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Definition
a feeling of poor control when eating such that excessive quantities of food are consumed |
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Term
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Definition
an eating disorder marked by refusal to maintain a minimum, normal body weight, intense fear of gaining weight and disturbance in perception of body shape and weight |
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Term
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Definition
eating less overall, avoiding foods with high calories, and engaging in excessive exercise |
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Term
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Definition
ridding oneself of food or bodily fluids by self-induced vomiting or misuse of laxatives or diuretics |
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Term
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Definition
an eating disorder marked by binge eating, inappropriate methods to prevent weight gain, and self-evaluation greatly influenced by body shape and weight |
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Term
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Definition
eating an amount of food in a limited amount of time that is much larger than most people would eat in that circumstance |
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Term
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Definition
inappropriate behaviors to prevent weight gain |
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Term
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Definition
an eating disorder marked by recurrent episodes pf binge eating but no compensatory behavior |
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Term
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Definition
chemicals produced by the body that reduce pain, enhance positive mood, and suppress appetite |
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Term
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Definition
electronic devices for self monitoring |
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Term
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Definition
a non-maladaptive use of alcohol or other drug |
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Term
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Definition
a reversible condition triggered by excessive alcohol or other drug use |
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Term
Substance-related disorder |
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Definition
a class of mental disorders characterized by substance intoxication, abuse and dependence and withdrawal |
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Term
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Definition
repeated use of substances to the point that problems recur |
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Term
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Definition
a maladaptive pattern of substance use defined by tolerance and withdrawal |
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Term
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Definition
the need to ingest greater amounts of a drug to achieve the same effect |
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Term
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Definition
maladaptive behavioral changes that result when a person stops using a particular drug |
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Term
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Definition
a class of drugs that inhibit the central nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
the state that occurs when alcohol inhibits key inhibitory systems of the brain |
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Term
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Definition
concentration of alcohol in the blood |
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Term
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Definition
dose of a substance that kills a certain percentage of test animals |
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Term
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Definition
a severe medical condition where scar tissue in the liver replaces functional tissue |
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Term
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Definition
a cognitive disorder marked by confusion, memory loss, and coordination problems |
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Term
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Definition
a condition caused by prenatal alcohol use that results in facial abnormalities and learning problems in children |
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Term
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Definition
a class of drugs that activate the central nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
a class of drugs commonly used to relieve pain |
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Term
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Definition
a drug produced from the hemp plant that contains THC |
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Term
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Definition
a reward-based area in the brain implicated in substance-related disorders |
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Term
Reward deficiency syndrome |
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Definition
the theory that some people may bot be able to derive much reward from everyday events and so resort to excesses such as drug use |
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Term
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Definition
relapse to substance abuse following stress and a period of abstinence |
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Term
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Definition
dysfunctional behaviors that significant others of a person with substance-related disorder engage in to care for and cope with the person |
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Term
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Definition
causal factors that more directly affect a particular mental disorder |
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Term
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Definition
casual factors that indirectly affect a particular mental disorder |
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Term
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Definition
a type of assessment that helps clinicians obtain information about recent and lifetime use of alcohol and other drugs |
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Term
Motivational interviewing |
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Definition
a type of interview for substance-related disorders that focuses on obtaining information and propelling a person to change behavior |
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Term
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Definition
medications to treat substance-related disorders that have a similar chemical compositions an addictive drug |
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Term
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Definition
tolerance for a drug one has never taken because of tolerance to another drug with a similar chemical composition |
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Term
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Definition
medications to treat substance related disorders that block pleasurable effects and cravings for an addictive drug |
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Term
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Definition
medications to treat substance-related disorders |
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Term
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Definition
medications to treat substance-related disorders that make ingestion of an addictive drug quite uncomfortable |
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Term
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Definition
withdrawing a person from an addictive drug under medical supervision |
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Term
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Definition
regarding substance-related disorders treatment involving complete abstinence, education about addictive drugs and their consequences and relapse prevention |
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Term
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Definition
a treatment for substance-related disorders involving functional analysis of drug use and skills to avoid or cope with high-risk situations |
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Term
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Definition
a behavioral assessment technique where a person observes and records his own behaviors, thoughts and emotions |
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Term
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Definition
exposure of a person to drug cues to help him control urges to use the drug |
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Term
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Definition
a behavioral treatment technique in which family members and friends reward appropriate behavior in an individual |
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Term
community reinforcement approach |
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Definition
encouraging a person to change environmental conditions to make them more reinforcing than drug use |
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Term
multidimensional family therapy |
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Definition
a family-based treatment approach for substance -related disorders that focuses on developing a strong parent-adolescent bond and correcting related problems |
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Term
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Definition
an association of people who share a common problem such as a mental disorder that the group tries to address |
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Term
What constitutes a binge? |
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Definition
-Eating an amount of food that is definitely larger than most people would eat during a 2 hour period |
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Term
What is the binge purge cycle? |
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Definition
-negative affect -extreme dieting -hunger -negative affect -binge(breaks diet) -guilt, shame, worry compensatory behaviors |
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|
Term
What are biological risk factors for an eating disorder? |
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Definition
-genes 1, 2 and 13 -lateral hypothalamus -amygdala -reduced serotonin -dopamine -endogenous opiods |
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Term
What is the role of self evaluation in eating disorders? |
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Definition
they evaluate themselves too much so they start this unhealthy behavior |
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Term
What are the biological treatments for an eating disorder? |
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Definition
-scheduled, supervised meals and snacks -nasogastric tube -nutritional supplements -nutrition education -ssris -antipsychotics -appetite suppressants |
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Term
What are the psychological treatments for an eating disorder? |
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Definition
-enlist family cooperation -explore family eating patterns and attitudes -reduce family conflict and expressed emotion -family provides positive reinforcement -self-monitoring -psychoeducation -regular weigh ins -problems solving -cognitive restructuring -exposure -relapse prevention |
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Term
What are psychological risk factors for an eating disorder? |
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Definition
-Body Mass{elevated adiposity} -modeling of disturbed eating -society pressure to be thin -overvaluation of importance of appearance -body dissatisfaction -dieting -negative affect -bulimic pathology -body image disturbance -perfectionism |
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Term
What is fairburn's transdiagnostic treatment? |
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Definition
emphasizes the minimization of negative thoughts about body image and the act of eating, and attempts to alter negative and harmful behaviors that are involved in and perpetuate eating disorders |
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Term
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Definition
-a reversible syndrome due to ingestion -maladaptive behavioral or psychological changes that develop quickly -not due to another medical or mental disorder |
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Term
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Definition
clinical impairment or distress due to ingestion of a substance without it being classified as dependence |
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Term
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Definition
Three or more of the following in a 12 month period: -tolerance -withdrawal -larger amounts or over longer time -persistent desire/unsuccessful efforts to cut down -great deal of time spent obtaining, using or recovering -valued activities are given up or reduced -Use despite problems |
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Term
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Definition
either -a need for markedly increased amounts of the substance to achieve intoxication or desired effect
or -markedly diminished effect with continued use of the same amount of the substance |
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Term
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Definition
-development of a substance specific syndrome due to stopping or reducing prolonged and heavy substance use -causes distress -not due to a medical condition or disorder |
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Term
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Definition
stimulate the central nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
sedative drugs that inhibit the central nervous system |
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Term
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Definition
Used to relieve pain or cough |
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Term
What do hallucinogens do? |
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Definition
Cause symptoms of psychosis |
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Term
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Definition
-feelings of joy, humor -dreamlike state -time distortions -enhanced creativity -paranoid thinking -infertility |
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Term
What are four examples of stimulants? |
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Definition
-caffeine -nicotine -cocaine -methamphetamine |
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Term
what are three side effects of mathamphetamine? |
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Definition
-a high that can last for hours -addiction can happen after only a few doses -meth mouth, anxiety, confusion, insomnia, and paranoia |
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Term
What is an example of a depressant? |
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Definition
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|
Term
What is are the possible side effects of alcoholism? |
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Definition
-cirrhosis of the liver -korsakoff's syndrome -fetal alcohol syndrome |
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Term
What are some examples of opiates? |
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Definition
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|
Term
What are some examples of hallucinogens? |
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Definition
-LSD -Peyote -MDMA/ecstasy |
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Term
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Definition
reduction of psychological or behavioral response occurring when a specific stimulus occurs repeatedly. |
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Term
What is the peak age of illicit drug use? |
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Definition
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|
Term
What are the biological treatments for substance use/dependence? |
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Definition
-agonists -antagonists -partial agonists -aversives |
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|
Term
What are the psychological treatments for substance use/dependence? |
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Definition
-inpatient treatments -brief interventions -CBT -Self-help groups |
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Term
What are the treatments for schizophrenia? |
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Definition
-antipsychotic medications -transitional neuroleptics -case management -behavior therapy -CBT -family therapy -vocational rehibilitation |
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|
Term
What are the different types of delusions? |
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Definition
-persecution -grandeur -reference -being controlled -broadcasting thoughts -putting thoughts in your heads -withdrawal -capgras |
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Term
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Definition
someone you know has been substituted by a double |
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Term
What is withdrawal in terms of schizophrenia delusions? |
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Definition
someone took the thoughts away from the individual |
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|
Term
What are positive symptoms of schizophrenia? |
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Definition
more than the average person experiences |
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|
Term
What are the negative symptoms of schizophrenia? |
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Definition
less than the average person experiences |
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|
Term
how do negative symptoms of schizophrenia differ from depressive symptoms? |
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Definition
depression is more hopelessness and schizophrenia wants it to be like this |
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Term
What are some examples of disorganized behavior? |
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Definition
-word salad, loose association, neologisms, perservations, clangings -catatonia -blunted affect -lethargy -apathy -alogia -anhedonia |
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Term
What are some environmental stressors known to bring on schizophrenia? |
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Definition
-urban born -first born -second generation -prenatal exposure to flu, famine, -obstretic complications -Central nervous system infection in childhood -menopause -cardiovascular disease -nicotine dependence |
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|
Term
Is there a significant genetic link for schizophrenia? |
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Definition
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|
Term
What are the social/cultural factors related to schizophrenia? |
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Definition
-stressful life events - family interactions> high expressed emotion |
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|
Term
What are the symptoms of catatonic schizophrenia? |
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Definition
-unusual motor symptoms -catatoic stupor -Catatonic excitability -Catalepsy/waxy flexibility -Echolalia -Echopraxia -Adopt a rigid posture that is difficult to change |
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|
Term
What is a catatonic stupor? |
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Definition
person may seem completely unaware of his/her surroundings |
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Term
What is catatonic excitability? |
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Definition
show wild or uncontrolled motor activity |
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|
Term
What are the symptoms of disorganized schizophrenia? |
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Definition
-speech patterns very disorganized -may be unable to care for themselves and not engage in appropriate hygiene, dress or even eating - inappropriate affect -high aggitation |
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Term
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Definition
repeat the same words over and over |
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Term
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Definition
say words together because they rhyme |
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Term
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Definition
speak quite clearly stop without warning and then talk about completely different topic |
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Term
What are the symptoms of paranoid schizophrenia? |
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Definition
-preoccupation with one or more delusions or frequent auditory hallucinations with relatively intact cognitive function -disorganized/catatonic behavior -no disorganized speech |
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Term
What are the symptoms of unndifferentiated schizophrenia |
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Definition
characteristic symptoms of schizophrenia that do not meet the criteria for paranoid, disorganized or catatonic type |
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|
Term
What three factors leave a better prognosis regarding schizophrenia? |
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Definition
female, less brain abnormality and less cognitive impairments |
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|
Term
What four factors leave a worse prognosis regarding schizophrenia? |
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Definition
male, premorbid lower functioning, low educational achievement, and more negative symptoms |
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|
Term
True or False: If treatment is not recieved during or soon after the prodromal phase the prognosis looks less than good for schizophrenia. |
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Definition
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|
Term
What are the four stages of schizophrenia in order? |
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Definition
pre-morbid, prodromal, progressive, residual |
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|
Term
What is the pre-morbid stage? |
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Definition
peculiar behaviors and negative symptoms |
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Term
What is the prodromal stage? |
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Definition
first positive symptom such as a hallucination |
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Term
What is the progressive stage? |
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Definition
many positive and negative symptoms |
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|
Term
What is the residual stage? |
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Definition
low-grade symptoms similar to prodromal phase |
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|
Term
How is paranoid personality disorder characterized? |
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Definition
pervasive distrust and suspciousness of other people |
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|
Term
How is schizoid personality disorder characterized? |
|
Definition
by a lack of social relationships and a lack of emotionality. |
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|
Term
How is schizotypal personality disorder characterized? |
|
Definition
extreme discomfort around others, unusual or bizarre thinking and behavior, and strange perceptions. |
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|
Term
How is antisocial personality disorder characterized? |
|
Definition
a pervasive disregard for the rights of other people. this pattern of behavior is evident both in childhood and adulthood. |
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|
Term
How is borderline personality disorder characterized? |
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Definition
marked instability in mood states, in interpersonal relationships, and in self-image. There are a number of impulsive behaviors that are typically associated with this disorder |
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|
Term
How is histrionic personality disorder characterized? |
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Definition
frequent attention seeking and dramatic emotional displays |
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|
Term
How is narcissistic personality disorder characterized? |
|
Definition
characterized by grandiose behavior, a need for admiration, and a lack of empathy for and sensitivity to others. |
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|
Term
How is avoidant personality disorder characterized? |
|
Definition
extreme social anxiety, fear of negative evaluation and feelings of inadequacy |
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|
Term
How is dependent personality disorder characterized? |
|
Definition
extreme reliance on others for almost all of one's needs, as well as extreme hesitancy to disagree with others or do anything that may result in rejection |
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|
Term
How is obsessive compulsive personality disorder characterized? |
|
Definition
preoccupation with orderliness, structure, details and rules. |
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|
Term
What are the biological treatments of personality disorders? |
|
Definition
-antidepressants -antianxiety -antipsychotic |
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|
Term
What are the psychological treatments for personality disorders? |
|
Definition
-short term psychodynamic therapy -CBT -marital and family therapy -dialectical behavior therapy |
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|
Term
What percent of the population has an anxious/fearful personality disorder? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
Anxious/fearful personality disorders are more common in men or women? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
What percent of the general population has dramatic personality disorders? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
True or false: dramatic personality disorders are not highly comorbid with psychological problems and other mental disorders |
|
Definition
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|
Term
antisocial personality disorder is more common in men or women? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
borderline personality disorder is more common in men or women? |
|
Definition
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|
Term
narcissistic personality disorder is more common in men or women? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What percent of the general population has odd/eccentric personality disorders? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
What are the five axis of the DSM IV? |
|
Definition
1>clinical disorders 2>personality disorders 3>general medical conditions 4>psychosocial and environmental problems 5>Global assessment of functioning scale |
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