Term
Which of the following is not an aspect of the definition of psychological disorders?
a. The atypical response element, which states that a deviation from normal behavior is evidence of a psychological disorder
b. The psychodynamic element, which suggests that abnormal behavior is the result of poor ego defense mechanisms
c. The distress element, in which personal discomfort signals the presence of a psychological disorder
d. The impairment in functioning element, which defines a psychological disorder
based on a disruption in ability to carry out normal tasks |
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Definition
b. The psychodynamic element, which suggests that abnormal behavior is the
result of poor ego defense mechanisms
. |
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Term
The scientist-practitioner model of psychology focuses on
a. the psychologist’s use of scientific principles to study which treatments are most effective and to decide which treatment to use.
b. the psychologist’s use of statistics, such as prevalence and incidence, to diagnose clients.
c. the exchange of information between scientists.
d. the use of drugs in clinical practice. |
|
Definition
a. the psychologist’s use of scientific principles to study which treatments are
most effective and to decide which treatment to use. |
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Term
Louie was barking like a dog and walking on his hands and knees. A professional thought the cause of Louie’s problem was that he had an excess of a particular neurotransmitter, so she prescribed a drug for him. The professional is most likely a ____________, operating under the _____________ model of abnormal behavior.
a. clinical psychologist, psychological
b. psychiatric nurse, supernatural
c. psychiatric social worker, behavioral
d. psychiatrist, biological |
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Definition
| d. psychiatrist, biological |
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Term
The Oedipus complex, which, according to Freud, occurs during the _________ stage of psychosexual development, is characterized by_____________ __________.
a. genital; penis envy
b. oral; penis envy
c. phallic; castration anxiety
d. latency; castration anxiety |
|
Definition
| c. phallic; castration anxiety |
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Term
One of the results of the discovery that the disease syphilis and the disordered behavior that results from it are both caused by the same bacterial microorganism was
a. mental health professionals began to think that other psychological disorders might be caused by other microorganisms, and biological cures might be possible.
b. individuals diagnosed with syphilis were referred to psychologists instead of
doctors for further treatment.
c. the mental hygiene movement was established, which attempted to provide a sterile, bacteria-free, environment for those suffering from disorders.
d. mental health professionals adopted a genetic model, which has been supported by further scientific investigations into the causes of disorders. |
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Definition
| a. mental health professionals began to think that other psychological disorders might be caused by other microorganisms, and biological cures might be possible. |
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Term
The phenomenon in which entire groups of people simultaneously begin to behave abnormally is known as
a. mass hysteria.
b. exorcism.
c. lunacy.
d. melancholy. |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is an incorrect match between a drug and the problem it is used to treat?
a. Reserpine: aggression
b. Benzodiazepines: panic attacks
c. Bromides: hallucinations
d. Neuroleptics: delusions |
|
Definition
| c. Bromides: hallucinations |
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Term
Breuer discovered that
a. hysterical symptoms were alleviated after patients discussed them under hypnosis.
b. dogs salivate to a bell if the bell is rung prior to feeding.
c. discussing problems while hypnotized leads to patient insight.
d. general paresis was caused by the same bacteria that cause syphilis. |
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Definition
| a. hysterical symptoms were alleviated after patients discussed them under hypnosis. |
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Term
Which of the following is not true of classical conditioning?
a. It involves pairing of a UCS and a CS.
b. It was demonstrated by Pavlov with his dogs.
c. It involves shaping procedures.
d. The CR can be eliminated in a process called extinction. |
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Definition
| c. It involves shaping procedures. |
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Term
The elements of person-centered therapy include
a. hypnosis and catharsis.
b. reinforcement and shaping.
c. rest and relaxation.
d. unconditional positive regard and empathy. |
|
Definition
| d. unconditional positive regard and empathy. |
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Term
Your best friend tells you she has just gotten a job in a Veteran’s Administration hospital where she will administer and interpret tests, diagnose and treat mental disorders, and continue her research on chronic disorders. All of her training in _____________ has paid off.
a. nursing
b. psychiatry
c. social work
d. clinical psychology |
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Definition
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Term
Alarmingly, in some areas where the rate of new cases of AIDS had been declining, it has begun increasing again. The statistic that tells us this information is
a. incidence.
b. correlation.
c. deviation.
d. prevalence. |
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Definition
|
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Term
Therapist Dr. X (not her real name) is working with a client who is heavily involved with body-piercing. The client enjoys it, but Dr. X thinks the amount is so excessive she considers it abnormal behavior. She is employing which definition of abnormality?
a. Dysfunction
b. Culturally inappropriate or unexpected
c. Impairment
d. Distress |
|
Definition
| b. Culturally inappropriate or unexpected |
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Term
As a psychiatrist, you have a client experiencing anxiety and panic attacks. You most likely prescribe
a. reserpine.
b. benzodiazepines.
c. bromides.
d. neuroleptics. |
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Definition
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Term
Early findings apparently supporting psychoanalytic therapy were based on
a. scientific inquiry.
b. case studies.
c. introspection.
d. literature reviews. |
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Definition
|
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Term
Defense mechanisms may be important in treatment planning because they
a. cannot be studied scientifically.
b. are most prevalent in people with psychological disorders.
c. have potential significance in the study of schizophrenia.
d. may differ for different psychological disorders. |
|
Definition
| d. may differ for different psychological disorders. |
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Term
An individual who blocks disturbing thoughts or experiences from conscious awareness is said to be using the defense mechanism
a. sublimation.
b. rationalization.
c. projection.
d. repression. |
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Definition
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Term
The purpose of psychoanalysis is
a. to reduce the symptoms of a disorder.
b. to examine ego defenses.
c. to reveal unconscious conflicts.
d. to overcome the Oedipal complex. |
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Definition
| c. to reveal unconscious conflicts. |
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Term
One key difference between Jung and Adler was that
a. Jung focused on the individual reaching his or her potential, while Adler emphasized the significance of the individual’s contributions to a society.
b. Adler focused on the individual reaching his or her potential, while Jung emphasized the significance of the individual’s contributions to a society.
c. Jung saw people as struggling to control their aggressive instincts, while Adler saw society as repressing peoples’ desire to self-actualize.
d. Adler saw people as struggling to control their aggressive instincts, while Jung saw society as repressing peoples’ desire to self-actualize. |
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Definition
| a. Jung focused on the individual reaching his or her potential, while Adler emphasized the significance of the individual’s contributions to a society. |
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Term
Tim owns a cat who licks her chops when she hears cellophane cat food packets being opened. This is not a skill she or her wild ancestors learned in the jungle. According to a classical conditioning account, the cellophane sound is
a. a conditioned stimulus.
b. an unconditioned stimulus.
c. a conditioned response.
d. an unconditioned response. |
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Definition
| a. a conditioned stimulus. |
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Term
What is Joseph Wolpe’s most noted contribution to psychology?
a. Systematic desensitization as a means of therapy
b. The discovery that fear can be repressed through familiarity with the feared object
c. The definition of operant conditioning
d. The discovery of the mechanism of the extinction process |
|
Definition
| a. Systematic desensitization as a means of therapy |
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Term
Human behavior, both normal and abnormal, is the result of biological, psychological,
and social factors
a. competing.
b. operating independently.
c. interacting.
d. conflicting. |
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Definition
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