Term
| Sigmund Freud was the first theorist to develop a psychological model the |
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Definition
| Pschodynamic model of abnormal behavior |
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Term
| Sigmund Freud was also the first to develop a model of psycghotherapy, which he called |
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Definition
| Psychoanalysis to help people who suffered from psychological disorders. |
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Term
Psychoanalysis
was the first form of psychodynamic therapy, which is a type of therapythat helps clients gain insight into, and resolve, the dynamic struggles or conflicts between forces within the unconscious mind believed to lie at the root of abnormal behavior. |
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Definition
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Term
Features of Psychotherapy
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Definition
Systematic interaction
Systematic means that therapists structure their interactions with clients in ways that reflect their theoretical points of view . |
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Term
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Definition
Psychotherapists
draw on psychological principles, research, and theory in their practice. |
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Term
| Psychotherapy may be directed at behavioral, cognitive, and emotional domains to help clients overcome psychological problems and lead more satisfying lives. |
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Definition
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Term
Abnormal behavior, problem solving, and personal growith.
at least three groups of people are assisted by psychotherapy |
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Definition
First are people with abnormal behavior problems such as mood disorders, anxiety disorders, or schizophrenia.
Second are people who seek help for personal problems that are not regarded as abnormal, such as social shyness or confusion about career choices.
Thrid are people who seek personal growth. for them psychotherapy is a means of self discovery that may help them reach their potential. |
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Term
| Non specific treatment factors |
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Definition
| Common features that cut across different approaches to psychotherapy, such as the encouragement of hope and the display of empathy and attentiveness on the part of the therapist are called nonspecific treatment. |
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Term
Freud summed up the goal of psychoanalysis by saying
"Where id was, there shall ego be" |
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Definition
| This meant, in part, that psychoanalysis could help shed the light of awareness, represented by the conscious ego, on the inner workings of the id. |
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Term
| The major methods that Freud used to accomplish these goals were free association, dream analysis, and analysis of the transference relationship. |
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Definition
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Term
Behavior Therapy
is the systematic application of the principles of lerning to the treatment of psychological disorder. |
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Definition
Because the focus is on changing behavior not on personality change or deep probing into the past behavior therapy is relatively brief.
Behavior therapy first gained widespread attention as a means of helping people overcome fears and phobias, problems that had proved resistant to insight oriented therapies |
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Term
Behavior therapy first gained widespread attention as a means of helping people overcome fears and phobias, problems that had proved resistant to insight oriented therapies.
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Definition
| Among the methods used are systematic desensitization, gradual exposure, and modeling |
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Term
Humanistiv Therapy
of
Psychodynamic |
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Definition
Humanistic therapists focus on clients' subjective, consicious experiences.
Humanistic therapists also focus more on what clients are experiencing in the present the here and now then on the past. |
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Term
| similarities between the psychodynamic and humanistic therapies. |
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Definition
| Both assume that the past affects person behavior and feelings and both seek to expand clients' self insight. |
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Term
| The major form of humanistic therapy is |
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Definition
Person centered therapy
which was developed by the psychologist Carl Rogers. |
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Term
Rational Emotive Behavior Therapy
Albert Ellis
Believed that negative emotiions such as anixiety and depresssion are caused by the irrational ways in which we interpret or judge negative events, not by negative events themselves. |
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Definition
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Term
Cognitive Behavioral Therapy
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Definition
Attemps to integrate therapeutic techniques that help individuals make changes not only in their overt behaviior but also in their underlying thoughtss, beliefs, and attitudes.
Cognitive behavioral therapy draws on the assumption that thinking patterns and beliefs affect behavior and tht changes in these cognitions acan produce desirable behavioral and emotional changes. |
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Term
Evaluating Methods of Psychotherapy
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Definition
Use of Meta analysis
Review of the scientific literature often use a statistical technique called meta analysis, which averages the results of a large numberof studies to determine an overall level of effectiveness.
Empirically Supported Treatment
EST's are specific psychologicasl treatments that have been demonstrated to be effective in treating particular types of problem behaviors or disorder through carefully designed research studies.
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