Term
Huntington's disease
Short answer |
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Definition
-Genetically transferred degenerating disease characterized by involuntary twitching and eventual dementia.
-Prevalence: 5-7 in every 100,000. Cannot be treated.
-1st signs: Behavioral disturbances begin usually around 25-50 yrs.
-1st physical signs: finger twitches/facial grimaces.
-Progresses to more abrupt, jerky movements and changes in personality and mood stability. May develop peculiar way of walking and difficult speech.
-Early misdiagnoses common: schizophrenia one of them
-Ends in death 13-16 yrs after onset |
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Term
Childhood and Adolescence:
Pervasive Developmental Disorders |
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Definition
-Severe impairment in social interaction, communication skills, and display stereotyped interests and behaviors
-Include: Autistic, Rett's, Asperger's, Childhood disintegrative (disorders), and otherwise not specified. |
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Term
Childhood and Adolescence:
Autistic Disorder |
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Definition
-Key characteristics: profound aloneness and detachment. Extreme lack of response to adults, Usually below avg intelligence
-Less than .2% of children. 4-5X more boys
-Only about 1/3 able to lead partially indep. lives
-3 main areas of impairment: 1)social interaction (lack interest) 2)verbal/nonverbal communication (50% no meaningful speech) 3)and interests (engage in few activities-repetitive habits like spinning plates or flapping arms) |
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Term
Childhood and Adolescence:
Attention Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorders and Disruptive Behavior Disorders |
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Definition
-socially disruptive and distressing to others
-just overactive or have ADHD?
-prevalence 3-7% school aged children-boys more than girls-esp hyperactive-impulsive type
-prognosis better w/ only attentional probs- 95% symp free in adolescence |
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Term
Childhood and Adolescence:
3 types of ADHD |
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Definition
1. Predominately hyperactive-impulsive type: heightened motor activity, short attention span, distractable, impulsive, impulsive, lack of self control
2. Predominately inattentive: distractability,difficulty with sustained attention, inattention to detail, difficulty with completing tasks
3. Combined type: most common, both hyperactive and inattentive. |
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Term
Childhood and Adolescence:
Asperger's Disorder |
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Definition
-not official diagnosis until DSM-IV.
-Significant impairment in social interaction, skills, limited repetitive interests/activities, lack emotional reciprocity, but show no significant delay in cognitive development.
-difficulty in communication skills subtle
-"Mild" autistic disorder
-5X more in boys |
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Term
Childhood and Adolescence:
Treatment of pervasive disorders |
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Definition
-Difficult to treat because of communication and social impairments.
-Family therapy, drug therapy, behavioral modification therapy all used with limited success. Intensive behavior modification programs seem most promising. |
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Term
Childhood and Adolescence:
Etiology of Autism |
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Definition
1. Familial
2. Related to medical condition
3. Association with nonspecific brain dysfunc.
4. No fam history or brain dysfunc.
*How there are so many different sources for autism is not known. |
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Term
Childhood and Adolescence:
Etiology of ADHD |
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Definition
-overactive and short attention span and impuslsiveness suggests central nervous system involvement. Many conditions thought to cause neurological impairments have been assoc. with ADHD: lead poisoning
-inadequate dopamine in central nervous system. |
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