4 Types of Childhood Disorders

Emotional

Developmental

Eating and Habits

Disruptive

4 Types of Emotional Disorders

Reactive Attachment Disorders

Separation Anxiety

Phobias

Childhood Depression

What behavior is characteristic of an

Emotional Disorder?

Subjective distress without changing the person's perception of reality (feelings of inferiority)

Same across gender

Stage Specific

What are the chracteristics/symptoms of

Reactive Attachment Disorder?

Begins before age 5

Marked by a disturbance in the child's ability to

relate to other people

Inappropriate attachment for age:

(a) inhibited subtype: act same towards the caregivers as to strangers (distant)

      (b) disinhibited subtype: want more attachment with everyone, even strangers

Do Not differientiate between the two

Diagnosis and Treatment for

Reactive Attachment Disorder

Diagnosis: Severe neglect or abuse before the symptoms started

Treatment: Holding and showing love towards children

Types of Developmental Disorders

Autism

Rett's Disorder

Childhood Disintegrative Disorder

Asperger's Disorder

PDD-NOS

Mental Retardation

Learning Disorders

What are the symptoms/characteristics of Autism?

aversion to physical affection 

fail to make eye contact

have difficulty using face to show emotion or judging other's emotions

Echolalia (tics)

Pronominal Reversal (use "you" instead of "I")

misuse of the rule for adding "-ing"

Echopraxia

Rock Back and Forth

React Negatively to Change

Score about a 70 on IQ: Good Memory

Theories behind Autism

Parent's behavior is introverted (but which causes which)

 Cannot distinguish themselves from another

Larger Brain and Cerebellum (increases rapid attention to things)

Greater Serotonin Levels, imblance between right and left hemispheres

Treatment of Autism

Ritalin and SSRI's

modeling

Eating and Habit Disorders

Eating Disorders

Anorexia

Bulimia

Habit Disorders

Tourette's esque

(involves elimination, movement and communication)

Causes of Eating Disorders

not clear if depression causes eating disorder or if eating disorder causes depression

more common in developed countries and white cultures (media)

3 Disruptive Disorders

Conduct Disorder

Operational Defiance Disorder

ADHD

What are the characteristics/symptoms of ADHD?

difficulty organizing, completing work

genetics and social components

3 Groups of Personality Disorders

Odd-Eccentric Disorders

Dramatic-Erratic Disorders

Anxious-Fearful Disorders

3 Odd-Eccentric Disorders

Schizotypal Personality Disorder

Schizoid Personality Disorder

Paranoid Personality Disorder

 Symptoms of Schizotypal Personality Disorders

odd behavior (along the lines of schizophrenia)

Do not lose contact with reality but have extremely problematic ideas

Social Anxiety

Causes of Schizotypal Disorder

Enlarged Ventricles

High levels of DA

Genetic relationship between schizophrenia and schizotypal

Physical and behavioral abnormalities

Cognitive Functions and Brain Structures

Treatment of Schizotypal

Cognitive-Behvaioral therapy

anti-psychotic drugs (treat side effects and

may not target symptoms)

Symptoms of Schizoid Personality Disorder

no desire to be social

insensitive

lack social skills

treated by group therapy

4 Types of Dramatic-Erratic Disorders

Antisocial

Histrionic

Narcissistic

Borderline

Symptoms of Antisocial Personality

absence of shame

shallow emotions

lie, cheat, steal

Causes of Antisocial Personality

could be caused by prenatal/birth complications

Physiological dysfunctions

Family and social context

low income, loss of parent through divorce

Symptoms of Borderline Personality

Balanced among gender

unstable in mood, behavior and self-image

prone to substance abuse and unsafe sex, intense unstable realtionships

high suicide rate

Causes of Borderline Personality

Reduced Serotonin- drugs that increase serotonin are helpful

abnormalities in REM sleep (common in depression)

have brain trauma

smaller frontal lobes

when culture loses cohesiveness it leaves person with anxiety and fear of abandonment

OR it could be heritable traits and social experience can contribute

2 Types of Anxious-Fearful Disorders

Avoidant

Dependant

Symptoms and Characteristics of Avoidant Behavior

Keep feelings in

Turn away from everything (people, new experiences, old experiences)

Fear if appearing foolish

strong desire for affection

Causes of Avoidant

sensitive to situations

stongly rejected in early childhood

treated in behavioral methods

and cognitive therapy