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Abnormal Chapter 4
Chapter 4
17
Psychology
Undergraduate 2
02/05/2010

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Term
assessment
Definition
the process of gathering and organizing information about a person's behavior
Term
diagnosis
Definition
the identification or recognition of a disorder on the basis of its characteristic symptoms
Term
classification system
Definition
used to subdivide or organize a set of objects
Term
categorical approach to classification
Definition
assumes that distinctions among members of different categories are qualitative (the differences reflect a difference in kind rather than amount
Term
dimensional approach to classification
Definition
describes objects of classification in terms of continuous dimensions. based on an ordered sequence or quantitative measurement
Term
stigma
Definition
a stamp or label that sets the person apart from others, connects the person to undesirable features, and leads others to reject the person
Term
culture-bound syndromes
Definition
patterns of erratic or unusual thinking and behavior that have been identified in diverse societies around the world and do not fit easily into the other diagnostic categories that are listed in the main body of DSM-IV
Term
reliability
Definition
the consistency of measurements, including diagnostic decisions
Term
validity
Definition
the meaning or importance of a measurement
Term
etiological validity
Definition
concerned with factors that contribute to the onset of the disorder
Term
concurrent validity
Definition
concerned with present time and with correlations between the disorder and other symptoms, circumstances, and test procedures
Term
predictive validity
Definition
concerned with the future and with the stability of the problem over time
Term
behavioral coding systems
Definition
focuses on the frequency of specific behavioral events
Term
reactivity
Definition
the phenomenon that people may alter their behavior, either intentionally or unintentionally, when they know that they are being observed
Term
personality inventories
Definition
aka objective tests
consist of a series of straightforward statements; the person being tested is typically required to indicate whether each statement is true or false in relation to himself
Term
actuarial interpretation
Definition
when a clinician analyzes the results of a specific test on the basis of an explicit set of rules that are derived from empirical research
Term
projective tests
Definition
the person is presented with a series of ambiguous stimuli. (what you think cards look like etc)
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