Term
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Definition
- sounds like rolling hair in ear
- high pitched, short crackling, popping
- heard on inspiration
- not clear with cough
- ex: pneumonia, heart failure
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Term
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Definition
- sounds like velcro
- loud bubbling, gurgling
- start on inspiration, may be present in expiration
- not clear with cough
- ex: pulmonary edema
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Term
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Definition
- high pitched musical squeaking
- inspiration & experation
- cause: constricted or narrowed airway
- heard in all lung fields
- ex: asthma & emphysema
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Term
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Definition
- low pitched snooring, moaning
- inspiration and expiration
- may clear with cough
- upper lobes of lungs (trachea)
- ex: bronchitis
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Term
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Definition
- neck area
- emergency situation-life threatening
- high-pitched crowing, louder in neck than chest
- cause: upper airway obstruction
- ex: croup or epiglottitis in children
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Term
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Definition
- pleura= lining of lung
- superficial, low pitched with grating quality
- not relieved by coughing
- cause: pleurae become inflamed & lose lubrication
- ex: plueritis
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| starting and stopping of RR from slow, shallow to increased rate and depth to temporary apnea from 10-60 seconds |
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Term
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Definition
| breathing fast, deep & breathing off too much co2 |
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Term
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Definition
| breathing slow, shallow & retaining too much co2 |
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Term
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Definition
- pigeon chest
- narrow transverse diameter
- increased anteroposterior diameter
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Term
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Definition
- sunken in
- funnel chest
- narrow anteroposterior diameter
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Term
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Definition
- circle
- anteroposterior diameter to lateral (transverse) diameter is equal
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Term
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Definition
| curving of lumbar or thoracic vertebrae |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- subq emphysema
- rice crispies (can feel or hear)
- coarse crackling sensation palpable over skin surface
- seen after open chest surgery
- mark the margins of crepitus where you feel it
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Term
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Definition
- doesn't mean they have a heart problem
- blowing or swishing sound
- similar to a murmur
- have client hold breath when assessing for this
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Term
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Definition
- vibrating sensation (cat purring)
- associated with a grade 4 or higher murmur
- felt over 2nd and 3rd intercostal spaces may indicate pulmonary HTN or stenosis
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Term
| jugular venous distention (JVD) |
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Definition
- when you can see them
- indicates heart failure
- have pt lie supine
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Term
| the ideal position to have client in to asses heart sounds: |
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Definition
- left lateral
- supine
- upright
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Term
| where do you auscultate to hear the different heart valves: |
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Definition
- aortic
- pulmonic
- erb's point
- tricupid
- mitral
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Term
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Definition
- LUB
- longer than S2
- closure of: mitral & tricuspid
- heard in: mitral area
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Term
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Definition
- DUB (snappy)
- shorter than S1
- closure of: aortic & pulmonic
- heard in: aortic area
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Term
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Definition
- ventricular gallop
- dull soft sound heard after S2
- best heard at: mitral area in left later position
- dx: mitral valve stenosis & heart failure
- normal in children and young adults up to age 30
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Term
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Definition
- atrial gallop
- very soft sound, low pitched
- heard before S2
- best heard at: mitral area in left lateral position
- dx: aortic valve stenosis & HTN
- normal in many older adults
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Term
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Definition
- hyperactive bowel sounds
- greater than 35
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Term
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Definition
- blowing, swishing
- cause: turbulant blood flow through a tube
- describe: location, timing(diastole or systole), grade 1-6
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Term
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Definition
- grade 1: barely audible
- grade 2: clearly audible immediately but faint
- grade 3: moderately loud, without thrill
- grade 4: loud, with thrill
- grade 5: very loud, with thrill; audible with stethoscope only partially applied
- grade 6: louder, may be heard without stethoscope; thrill palpable
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Term
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Definition
- high pitched scratchy
- sandpaper sound
- best heard: sitting up and holding breath in expiration
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Term
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Definition
- palpable
- circumscribed
- solid elevation in skin
- smaller than 1cm
- ex: elevated nevus
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Term
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Definition
- deep loss of skin surface that extends to dermis and frequently bleeds and scars
- varies in size
- ex: venous stasis ulcer
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Term
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Definition
- circumscribed elevation of skin filled with serous fluid
- smaller than 1cm
- ex: herpes simplex, chicken pox
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Term
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Definition
- elevated solid mass
- deeper and firmer than papule
- 1-2cm
- ex: wart
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Term
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Definition
- irregularly shaped
- elevated area or superficial localized edema
- varies in size
- ex: mosquito bite, hive
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Term
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Definition
- flat, non-palpable change in skin color
- smaller than 1cm
- ex: freckle, petechia
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Term
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Definition
- circumscribed elevation of skin similar to vesicle but filled with puss
- varies in size
- ex: acne, staph infection
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Term
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Definition
- thinning of skin with loss of normal skin furrow
- with skin appearing shiny and translucent
- varies in size
- ex: arterial insufficiency
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- visible perspiration esp on the forehead and upper thorax
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Term
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Definition
- trachea area
- higher pitched, louder
- inspiration & expiration are equal with a pause in between
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Term
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Definition
- thorax area
- low pitch, softer
- expiration is shorter with no pause between exp & inspir.
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Term
| bronchovesicular breath sounds |
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Definition
- heard in the posterior chest between the scapulae and in the center part of the anterior chest.
- softer than bronchial sounds, but have a tubular quality
- about equal during inspiration and expiration
- differences in pitch and intensity are often more easily detected during expiration
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