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ABA Cooper Chapter 11
Cooper Heron Heward
12
Education
Graduate
02/18/2021

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Cards

Term

 

 

 

 

automatic reinforcement

Definition

 

 

Reinforcement

that occurs independent of the social

mediation of others (e.g., scratching an

insect bite relieves the itch

Term

 

 

 

conditioned reinforcer

Definition

 

 

 

 

A stimulus change that functions as a reinforcer because of prior pairing with one or more other reinforcers. (Sometimes called secondary or learned reinforcer.)

Term

 

 

 

generalized conditioned reinforcer

Definition

 

 

 

A conditioned reinforcer that as a result of having been paired with many other reinforcers does not depend on an establishing operation for any particular form of reinforcement for its effectiveness.

Term

 

 

 

 

positive reinforcement

Definition

 

 

 

A response followed immediately by the presentation of a stimulus change that results in similar responses occurring more often. (Contrast with negative reinforcement.

Term

 

 

 

positive reinforcer

Definition

 

 

 

 

A stimulus whose presentation or onset functions as reinforcement. (Contrast with negative reinforcer.)

Term

 

 

 

 

Premack principle

Definition

 

 

 

 A principle that states that making the opportunity to engage in a high-probability behavior contingent on the occurrence of a low-frequency behavior will function as reinforcement for the low-frequency behavior. Sometimes called “Grandma’s Law.” (See also response-deprivation hypothesis.)

Term

 

 

 

reinforcer assessment

Definition

 

 

 

Refers to a variety of direct, empirical methods for presenting one or more stimuli contingent on a target response and measuring their effectiveness as reinforcers.

Term

 

 

 

response-deprivation hypothesis

Definition

 

 

 

 

 A model for predicting whether contingent access to one behavior will function as reinforcement for engaging in another behavior based on whether access to the contingent behavior rep-resents a restriction of the activity compared to the baseline level of engagement. (See also Premack principle.)

 

Term

 

 

 

rule-governed behavior

Definition

 

 

 

Behavior controlled by a rule (i.e., a verbal statement of an antecedent-behavior-consequence contingency); enables human behavior (e.g., fastening a seat belt) to come under the indirect control of temporally remote or improbable, but potentially significant consequences (e.g., avoiding injury in an auto accident). Often used in contrast to contingency-shaped behavior, a term used to indicate behavior selected and maintained by controlled, temporally close consequences.

 

Term

 

 

 

socially mediated contingencies

Definition

 

 

 

 

A contingency in which an antecedent stimulus and/or the consequence for the behavior is presented by another person.

Term

 

 

 

stimulus preference assessment

Definition

 

 

 

 

 

A variety of procedures used to deter-mine the stimuli that a person prefers, the relative preference values (high versus low) of those stimuli, the conditions under which those preference values remain in effect, and their presumed value as reinforcers.

Term

 

 

 

 

unconditioned reinforcer

Definition

 

 

 

 

 A stimulus change that increases the frequency of any behavior that immediately precedes it irrespective of the organism’s learning history with the stimulus. Unconditioned reinforcers are the product of the evolutionary development of the species (phylogeny). (Also called primary or unlearned reinforcer; compare to conditioned reinforcer.)

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