Term
| Which statement is true of axenic animals as compared to animals with normal microflora? |
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Definition
| They have lower white blood cell counts. |
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Term
| What is the process by which isolators prevent microorganisms from reaching the animals housed inside? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does the term "gnotobiotics" mean? |
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Definition
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Term
| For which purpose does the transfer sleeve of an isolator have nipples? |
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Definition
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Term
| The intestinal wall of axenic animals is _____________ than the intestinal wall of animals having a normal microflora. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which of the following represents a difference between hysterectomy derivation and embryo transfer? |
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Definition
| In hysterectomy derivation, the fetuses are at term, but in the other technique, embryos used are at an earlier stage of development. |
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Term
| What is the process by which isolators confine potentially harmful microorganisms within the system? |
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Definition
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Term
| axenic animals have what notable differences then a microflora animal |
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Definition
intestinal walls thinner
poor muscle development
tissue enzyme levels tend to be lower
immune systems are less well-developed
smaller lymph nodes, Peyer’s patches, and thymuses
white blood cell counts are lower
absorb dietary fats better
higher blood cholesterol levels,
higher bile turnover rates.
greatly enlarged cecum
slower peristalsis
longer life span
lower incidence of spontaneous tumors.
rat model has basal metabolic rate and cardiac output are lower smaller hearts, livers, and lungs |
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Term
axenic animals.
They tend to have higher requirements for total food and water intake, vitamin K, B vitamins, and choline than nonaxenic animals. |
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Definition
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Term
| axenic animals.lower requirements for |
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Definition
| vitamin A and vitamin E, and for the amino acids lysine and cysteine. |
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Term
| Gnotobiotes, by definition, are germ-free animals. |
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Definition
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Term
| Axenic animals are gnotobiotes. |
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Definition
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Term
| The development of the Trexler flexible film isolators marked the beginning of modern gnotobiotic research. |
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Definition
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Term
| Animals that have a normal intestinal flora but are free of particular organisms are called: |
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Definition
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Term
| The first functional germ-free animal models were developed by scientists and technicians of the laboratories of bacteriology at the University of Notre Dame. |
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Definition
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Term
| Why have laminar flow cabinets recently become more frequently used than isolators for maintaining gnotobiotic animals? |
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Definition
| Increased accessibility of animals |
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Term
| Supplies must be sterilized before being passed through the supply cylinder. |
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Definition
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Term
| Supplies must be sterilized before being passed through the supply cylinder. |
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Definition
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Term
| A rack environment with a large volume of flowing, filtered, sterile air is called a: |
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Definition
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Term
| What function does a transfer sleeve serve? |
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Definition
| To connect the supply cylinder to the isolator entry port |
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Term
| Before housing gnotobiotic animals, isolators should be tested multiple times for 3-6 weeks to ensure the absence of contamination of bedding, shelves, feed and water. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the process by which isolators confine potentially harmful microorganisms within the system? |
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Definition
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Term
| Isolators must operate with positive pressure with respect to the room. |
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Definition
False
Isolators may operate with positive or negative pressure with respect to the room. |
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Term
| What is the term for the killing of all living organisms? |
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Definition
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Term
| The tissue enzyme level of axenics tends to be higher than those of normal animals. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which statement is true of axenic animals as compared to animals with normal microflora? |
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Definition
| They have generally lower enzyme levels. |
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Term
| What is a good choice to help maintain genetic integrity when producing axenic pups by hysterectomy derivation? |
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Definition
| Make sure that the donor female and the foster mother have a different coat color |
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Term
Which statement is true of axenic animals as compared to animals with normal microflora?
They live longer.
They need more food and water.
Their immune system is not as well developed. |
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Definition
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Term
| Which amino acids are required in lesser quantities in axenic animals? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are foundation colonies generally maintained in the defined flora state instead of in the axenic state? |
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Definition
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Term
| Gnotobiotic animals require fortified feed to replace the vitamins broken down by autoclaving. |
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Definition
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Term
| Axenic rats have smaller hearts, livers, and lungs compared to non-axenic rats. |
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Definition
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Term
| The process by which the embryos from a superovulated mother are removed, washed, and transferred to the reproductive tract of a pseudopregnant axenic female in a surgical isolator is called hysterectomy derivation. |
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Definition
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Term
| What is a "Schaedler cocktail" or "altered Schaedler cocktail"? |
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Definition
| A solution containing a variety of normal flora bacteria |
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Term
11. True/False - select one answer
Pups that have been hysterectomy derived can be assumed to be germ-free and transferred to a barrier facility. |
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Definition
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Term
12. True/False - select one answer
Hysterectomy derivations are done using nonaxenic mothers and axenic foster mothers. |
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Definition
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