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The use of language and images to create meaning about the world around us
MIMESIS: imitation
Or
SOCIAL CONSTRUCTIONISM: construct and make meaning through specific cultural contexts |
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"a whole way of life"
Broad range of activities w/in society. |
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"This is not a pipe"
words vs. meaning
Art movement that focused upon the unconscious in representation and in dismantling the opposition between the real and the imaginary |
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| Assumes that meaning exists out in the world, independent of our feelings, attitudes, or beliefs about them. Only scientific knowledge is genuine knowledge and other views are suspect. |
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| Assumes that things exist independent of language and other forms of representation, and can be known independent of any specific context |
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| Images produced by the camera have the power to project images of truth and to be seen as unmediated copies of reality. |
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| literal face value of a sign |
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| all of the cultural, social, and historical meanings that are added to a sign’s literal meaning |
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Myth occurs when we read connotative meanings as denotative, and thus naturalize what are in fact meanings derived from complex social ideologies.
A hidden set of rules and conventions through which meanings, which are in reality specific to certain groups, are made to seem universal. |
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A shared set of beliefs and values that exist within a given society and through which individuals live out their relations to social institutions and structures.
Image meaning is produced within the dynamics of social power and ideology. |
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Implicit rules by which meanings get put into social practice and can therefore be read by their users. They involve a systematic organization of signs.
We decode images by interpreting clues to intended, unintended, and even merely suggested meanings. |
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| Semiotics (Peirce, Saussure, Barthes) |
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Theory of signs in which things, images, and objects are vehicles for meaning
SIGNIFIER: word, image, or object within a sign that conveys meaning
SIGNIFIED: element of meaning within a sign |
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| the object itself rather than its representation |
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| : indicates a sign in which there is a physical causal connection between the signifier and the thing signified, because both existed at some point within the same physical space (ex: photograph of a subject) |
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| indicates a sign in which there is a resemblance between the signifier and that which is signified (ex: a drawing of a person) |
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| signs in which there is no connection between the signifier and the thing signified except that imposed by convention (ex: Language) |
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| The deliberate contradiction between the literal meaning of something and its intended meaning (appearance and reality are in conflict) |
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