Term
|
Definition
- 32-bit logical address
- or 128-bit for IPv6 address
- expressed in four-octet form
- each octet is 1 byte (8 bits) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
used to partition IP addresses into a network ID and host ID
- allows formation of subnets (mini-networks)
- usually conjoined with routers |
|
|
Term
| Dynamic Host Configuration Protocol (DHCP) |
|
Definition
| Provides all information needed to get on the network automatically, including IP addresses |
|
|
Term
IP address classes:
Class A |
|
Definition
- Reserved for large corporations, ISPs, and gov't agencies.
- Octet range is 1-127
- IP range is 0.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255
- default subnet mask is 255.0.0.0 |
|
|
Term
IP address classes:
Class B |
|
Definition
-Reserved for mid-size corporations and ISPs.
- Octet range is 128-191
- IP range is 128.0.0.0 to 191.255.255.255
- Subnet mask is 255.255.0.0 |
|
|
Term
IP address classes:
Class C |
|
Definition
- Reserved for small offices and home networks
- Octet range is 192-223
- IP range is 192.0.0.0 to 223.255.255.255
- Subnet mask is 255.255.255.0 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Network ID cannot be 127
- Network and Host ID cannot both be 255
- Network and Host ID cannot both be 0
- Host ID must be unique for a given network ID |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- width of the "pipe"
- # of bits that can be sent over the network over a given time (1 second) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Delay time in transmissions
- measured by length of time a data packet takes to make a trip from its source to its destination and back again |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Steady Green light
- connectivity
blinking Yellow light
- sending and receiving traffic
steady orange light
- lack of connectivity |
|
|
Term
Protocols:
TCP/IP:
HTTP/HTTPS (hypertext transfer protocol) |
|
Definition
- used by web browsers to view web content
- |
|
|
Term
Protocols:
TCP/IP:
SSL (secure socket Layers) |
|
Definition
- form of encryption tech on secure websites
- browsers must support identical encryption to enter site
- standard is 128-bit encryption |
|
|
Term
Protocols:
TCP/IP:
TLS (transport Layer Security) |
|
Definition
- replacement for SSL
- prototyped by SSL 3.0 |
|
|
Term
Protocols:
TCP/IP:
HTML (hypertext markup language) |
|
Definition
- coding language used to create web pages
- special format text files using tags (bracketed commands) to format and present multimedia files, written docs, and hyperlinks |
|
|
Term
Protocols:
TCP/IP:
FTP (file transfer protocol) |
|
Definition
- designed to allow access to specialised servers for file transfers up and down to users
- FTP us used by both specialist FTP clients and Web browsers
- relatively insecure
- supplanted by SecureFTP |
|
|
Term
Protocols:
TCP/IP:
SSH (secure shell) |
|
Definition
- designed to create a secure channel for data transmission between computers
- more secure than FTP and telnet
- requires port 22 open |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
NetBEUI (NetBIOS Extended User Interface)
- simplest network protocol
- used to ested peer-to-peer networks and small Windows NT-based networks
- cannot be routed or connect to the internet |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Data transmission is bidirectional
- doubles network speed, increases chance of network snarl |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| - Data can be sent OR transmitted by a given device, but not simulatenously |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Logical grouping of computers and users that share resources and do not have a centralized admin or control.
- each workstation controls its own resources and security
- used in peer-to-peer networks with no centralized control |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Group of network devices and computers that are united by a centralized database that provides user access information, security.
- used in clien/server networks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
port is a specific communications channel that can be used by a service or process.
Windows recognizes 65,536 ports |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Simple Mail Transfer Protocol (SMTP) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Common ports:
Post Office Protocol (POP) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- central connectin point on a network that sends messages to all computers connected to it
- subdivides the network bandwidth among its connected devices |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- device that directs data from one system to another on a set path
- can be combined with routers or wireless access points
- much faster than hubs
- support the full network bandwidth at each port |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- route data from one network to another across different protocols and topologies
- often integrated with wireless access points and switches |
|
|
Term
| VPN (virtual private networks) |
|
Definition
- a way of sending data securely over public networks
- establishes a secure channel of communication between a user and server called a tunnel
- utilizes multiple security authentications:
- EAP
- SPAP
- CHAP
- MS-CHAP
Protocols used |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Point-to-Point Tunneling Protocol (PPTP)
- Layer Two Tunneling Protocol (L2TP)
- Secure socket Layer (SSL)
- or IP Securit (IPSec) |
|
|
Term
IP address classes:
Class D |
|
Definition
- octet begins with 224-239
- used for sending messages to multiple hosts
- webinars |
|
|
Term
IP address classes:
Class E |
|
Definition
- octet begins with 240-254
- reserved for research and experimental purposes
- addresses on the internet set to class E ranges will not work properly |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- use 128 bits
- uses 8 octets of 16-bit hexadecimal digits
- max unique addresses = 3.4 x 10^38
- expected to create greater flexibility in routing, eliminate need for NAT
- not compatible with IPv4 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- standard for TCP/IP networks
- used since 1980s
- use 32-bits
- use 4 octets
- max unique addresses = 4.3 x 10^9
- not compatible wih IPv6 |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- used in between spaces in floors in buildings
- coated with teflon and doesn't give off toxic fumes if burned
- 2-3x more expensive than PVC |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- sheathes Cat5/5e/6 cables
- gives off toxic fumes if burned |
|
|
Term
Cabling:
UTP (unshielded twisted pair) |
|
Definition
- consists of four pairs of twisted wires (totaling 8 wires)
- ranges from Cat3-Cat6
- least expensive |
|
|
Term
Cabling:
STP (shielded twisted Pair) |
|
Definition
- Same as UTP but has an extra covering around the wires inside.
- offers added protection from outside electromagnetic interference sources
- more expensive than UTP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- use glass strands to transmit pulses of light as information
- cable is fragile and difficult to use
Multiple connectors
- Strait tip (ST)
- Standard connector (SC)
- local connector (LC)
- Mechanical transfer (MT-RJ)
all connectors can use single-mode or multimode cables |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- used for cable TV
- oldest networking type
- consists of core copper wire with braided shield surrounding
- requires a bus topology to work (networks must be terminated at either end and can't use a hub or switch) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- standard for ethernet
- eight wires inside
- used on UTP and STP |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- standard for telephone
- 2-3 pairs of wires |
|
|
Term
Network types:
DSL (digital subscriber line) |
|
Definition
2 types:
- Asynchronous DSL (faster downloads than uploads)
- Synchronous DSL (idetical speeds both ways)
- uses telephone line |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- delivered through coaxial cable
- speeds from 1Mb/s-10Mb/s+
- |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- use parabolic dish antennas
- connect via USB or Ethernet port
- FCC requires professional installation for satellite internet service |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- dedicated line from ISP to the business or residence (Point-to-point; PTP)
- |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- Blanket term for a set of wireless protocols compatible with wired ethernet (WLAN)
- |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- runs in 5GHz range
- max data throughput: 54Mb/s |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- runs in 2.4 GHz range
- max throughput: 11Mb/s
- interoperable with g |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- 2.4 GHz
- max throughput: 54 Mb/s
- interoperable with b, n |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- 2.4 GHz and 5GHz (optional)
- max throughput 600Mb/s (300Mb/s typical)
- interoperable with b, g, and a (in 5GHz frequency) |
|
|
Term
| WEP (wired equivalent privacy) |
|
Definition
- first encryption protocol in 802.11b
- used 64- or 128-bit encryption (referred to as 40-bit WEP encryption)
- not supported in 802.11n |
|
|
Term
| WPA (Wi-Fi protected access) |
|
Definition
- key length from 8-63 alphanumeric characters, including punctuation marks
- allows RADIUS authentication server
-
2 levels of security:
WPA
- TKIP encryption
WPA2
- AES encryption |
|
|
Term
| SSID (service set identifier) |
|
Definition
- essentially the name of the wireless access point
- |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| - it's possible to change the MAC address of a network device because MAC addresses are not encrypted |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- All routers and WAPs are configured to act as DHCP servers
- best recommendation for security is to disable DHCP and assign static IP addresses to devices |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
- short range wireless network tech
- designed for peer-to-peer
- uses 2.4GHz
- minimizes interference by using spread-spectrum frequency-hopping signaling |
|
|
