Term
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Definition
| Ability of a muscle to shorten with force. |
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Term
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Definition
| Capacity of a muscle to respond to stimulus. |
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Term
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Definition
| Muscle can be stretched to its normal resting length and beyond to a limited degree. |
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Term
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Definition
| Ability of a muscle to recoil to original length after stretch. |
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Term
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Definition
| Delicate,reticular fibers that surround sarcolemma. |
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Term
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Definition
| Loose C.T. With reticular fibers. Surrounds each individual muscle fiber. |
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Term
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Definition
| Denser C.T. Surrounding a group of muscle fibers. Each group is called a fasciculus. |
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Term
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Definition
| C.T That surrounds that whole muscle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Connective Tissue sheet. Forms layer under skin, holds muscle together and separates them into functional groups, allows for free muscle movement, continuous with Ct of tendons and periosteum. |
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Term
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Definition
| plasma membrane for muscle cells |
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Term
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Definition
| cytoplasm of a muscle cell |
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Term
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Definition
| Formed by two strands of F actin in a double helix. Can bind myosin at active site unless prohibited by tropomyosin. |
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Term
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Definition
| An elongated protein that winds around the groove of the F actin double helix. |
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Term
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Definition
| Binds to actin, tropomyosin, and calcium. Regulates active site interactions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Many elongated myosin molecules shaped like golf clubs. |
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Term
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Definition
Can bind to active site on actin to form cross bridge. Attached to the rod portion by a hinge region which bends and straightens during reactions.
-Uses ATP for energy. |
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Term
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Definition
| Filamentous network of protein. Serves as attachment for actin myofilaments. |
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Term
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Definition
| From Z disk to ends of thick filaments. |
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Term
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Definition
| Length of thick filaments |
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Term
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Definition
| Region in A Band where actin and myosin do not overlap. |
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Term
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Definition
| Middle of H Zone. Delicate filaments holding myosin in place. |
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Term
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Definition
| Elastic Chains of amino acids; make muscles extensible and elastic. |
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Term
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Definition
Actin sliding over myosin to shorten sarcomeres.
- Actin and myosin do not change length.
- Shortening of sarcomere is responsible for skeletal contraction. |
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Term
| Action Potential - Depolarization |
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Definition
| Inside of plasma membrane becomes less negative. If charge reaches threshold, depolarization occurs. |
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Term
| Action Potential - Repolarization |
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Definition
| Return of resting membrane potential. Note that during repolarization, the membrane potential drops lower than resting potential then rebounds. This is due to the added affect of Sodium and Potassium leaving the cell. |
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Term
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Definition
How do they open? What opens them? (Calcium)
What is the major NT? - Acetylcholine
How is it broken Down? Acetylcholinesterase.
How does signal Jump? It does not jump, but the NT signals another depolarization to occur on the postsynaptic membrane thus continuing the signal. |
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Term
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Definition
| Contraction of equal force to each action potential. |
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Term
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Definition
| Few motor units reacting. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| All motor units reacting continuously. |
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Term
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Definition
| No change in Length, but tension increases (Postural Control) |
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Term
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Definition
| Change in Length but tension remains constant. |
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Term
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Definition
| Overcomes opposing resistance and muscle shortens. |
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Term
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Definition
| Tension maintained but muscle lengthens. |
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Term
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Definition
| Constant tension by muscles for long periods of time. |
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Term
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Definition
| Afferent - transmits action potentials to CNS |
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Term
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Definition
| Efferent - Transmits action potentials from the CNS to Muscles |
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Term
| Sympathetic Nervous System |
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Definition
| Prepares the body for physical activity |
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Term
| Parasympathetic Nervous System |
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Definition
| Regulates resting function. |
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Term
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Definition
| Plexuses within the wall of the digestive tract. Can control tract independently of CNS |
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Term
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Definition
| Within CNS from one neuron to another |
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Term
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Definition
| Most neurons in CNS - Motor Neurons |
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Term
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Definition
| Sensory in Retina of the eye and nose |
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Term
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Definition
| Single process that divides into two branches |
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Term
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Definition
| (CNS) Blood Brain Barrier - Most abundant and versatile glial cell. Support, brace, and anchor neurons. |
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Term
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Definition
| (CNS) - line central cavities of the brain and spinal cord where they form a fairly permeable barrier. Helps to Circulate Cerebrospinal Fluid. |
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Term
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Definition
| (CNS) - Macrophages , respond to inflammation, phagocytize. |
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Term
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Definition
| (CNS) Form Myelin sheaths that surround axons. |
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Term
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Definition
| (PNS) - Form Myelin Sheaths |
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Term
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Definition
| (PNS) - Surround Neuron Cell Body in ganglia, provide support and nutrients. |
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Term
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Definition
| Myelinated Axons - Propagate action potentials within CNS |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| axon of one neuron synapses with the presynaptic terminal of another |
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Term
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Definition
| reduction in amount of neurotransmitter released from presynaptic terminal. |
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Term
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Definition
| Amount of NT released from presynaptic terminal increases. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Translate stored data to action |
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Term
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Definition
| Repeat Signal automatically. Sleep/wake cycle. |
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Term
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Definition
| Most inferior part of brainstem. Regulates heart rate, blood vessel diameter, respiration, swallowing, vomiting, coughing, etc. |
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Term
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Definition
| Superior to Medula Oblongata - Respiratory center |
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Term
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Definition
| Superior to Pons and Cerebellum. - Involved in visual reflexes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Group of nuclei scattered throughout brainstem. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inferior to Occipital Lobe |
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Term
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Definition
| Balance and Eye movements |
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Term
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Definition
| posture, locomotion, fine motor coordination. |
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Term
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Definition
| Major Part - plan, practice and learn complex movements. |
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Term
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Definition
| Consists of Thalamus, subthalamus, hypothalamus, epithalamus |
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