Term
|
Definition
Synarthrosis - no movement ( or very little !! )
Amphiarthrosis - partial movement
D Diarthrosis - freely moving !! |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Joint of only : Ligament !!
Ex. Inferior Tibiofibular Joint |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
joint of Hyaline Cartilage
Ex. Growth Plate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
joint of Fibrocartilage
Ex. Pubic Symphysis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
very short fibers in the irregular, jig-saw like puzzle pieces of skull bones
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| held together only by a Ligament’s fibers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
“peg in socket”
only Ex. Tooth (held in place by: Peridontal Ligament) |
|
|
Term
| Diarthrotic Synovial Joints |
|
Definition
| all Extremity Joints & most Body Joints are: (freely moving) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
internally separated by: Joint Cavity with Synovial Fluid
(produced & released from a Synovial Membrane in there)
ball-and-socket or hinge joints |
|
|
Term
6 kinds of Synovial Joints
(based upon Joint shapes) |
|
Definition
1) Ball-and-Socket - freest moving Synovial joint. Head fits into cuplike Socket.
examples: Shoulder & Hip
-allows Rotation/ universal movements-
2) Saddle Joint
Ex. 1st Carpometacarpal Joint (allows “twiddling of the Thumbs”)
3) Condylar Joint
Ex. Knuckles Metacarpophalangeal joints and Wrist joints
Condylar Joints have less movement than Saddle Joint
4) Pivot Joint - in 1 plane
Ex. Dens held inside Atlas (C1)
Ex. Radius Head held against Ulna
5) Hinge Joint - in 1 plane
Ex. Elbow / Knee / Interphalangeal joints
6) Plane Joint - only Gliding movement
Ex. between: Carpal Bones
Ex. between: Tarsal Bones / Facet Joints of Spine ( between: Vertebrae ) |
|
|
Term
Type of Synovial Joint Movement
Rotation |
|
Definition
rotates Right or Left
Memory Device “shaking Head no |
|
|
Term
Type of Synovial Joint Movement
Abduction vs Adduction |
|
Definition
Ex. Ab - moves away from side of Body
Ex. Ad - moves toward main Body |
|
|
Term
Type of Synovial Joint Movement
Gliding |
|
Definition
| (at the Wrist) - like waving your hand at someone at a distance |
|
|
Term
Type of Synovial Joint Movement
Opposition |
|
Definition
| putting tips of Thumb & other Fingers together |
|
|
Term
Type of Synovial Joint Movement
Supination
Pronation |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Type of Synovial Joint Movement
Flexion
Extension |
|
Definition
Ex. Elbow - Flexion: Biceps Brachii muscle - makes Elbow angle smaller
Extension: Triceps Brachii muscle - makes angle larger
Ex. Knee - Flexion: Hamstrings - make angle smaller ( heel to Buttocks )
Extension: Quadriceps muscles - make angle larger |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Type of Synovial Joint Movement
Jaw
up:
down: |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
Type of Synovial Joint Movement
Circumduction |
|
Definition
includes all in order: Flexion / Abduction / Extension / Adduction
Ex. Pitcher winding up to throw ball |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Largest Body Joint & also most Complex
( It is a Synovial Joint. ) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
“C – shaped” Fibrocartilage on the Tibia
also called: Semilunar Cartilages
Lateral & Medial - outer thicker part with thinner inner part
attached by outer margins to Tibia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Tibial Collateral Ligament: on Medial side
[also called: Medial Collateral Ligament ( MCL )]
Fibular Collateral Ligament: on Lateral side
[also called: Lateral Collateral Ligament ( LCL )] |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| comes down from above on to Patella |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| descends on down to: Tibial Tuberosity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Patellar Lig. starts pulling the Tibial Tuberosity off |
|
|
Term
Cruciate Ligaments
( located centrally ) |
|
Definition
hold Femur to Tibia cross over each other, thus the name
Anterior Cruciate Ligament ( ACL )
Note: ( cruciate - means “cross” )
Posterior Cruciate Ligament ( PCL ) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Temporomandibular Joint ( TMJ ) |
|
Definition
each has one Articular Disc within joint cavity
( It is a modified hinge joint )
each Mandibular Condyle articulates with inferior part of Temporal Bone (Mandibular Fossa) |
|
|
Term
Glenohumeral Joint
( the other ball-and-socket joint ) |
|
Definition
Humerus Head fits into Glenoid Cavity of the Scapula
a Rim of Fibrocartilage ( Glenoid Labrum ) helps the fit,
Glenoid Cavity is only 1/3 the size of the Humeral Head (not much stability) but, Most Freely Moving Joint in Body
(likely to Dislocate - goes Forward & Down) |
|
|
Term
Tendon of: Long Head of Biceps Brachii
( “ the Superstabilizer “ ) |
|
Definition
- secures Humerus Head against Glenoid Cavity !!
- travels through Intertubercular Sulcus of Humerus then through Joint Cavity, then attaches to superior lip of Glenoid Cavity
origin: also on: Supraglenoid Tubercle of Scapula |
|
|
Term
| Short Head of Biceps Brachii |
|
Definition
| origin is: Coracoid Process of the Scapula |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
encircle Shoulder Jt. blending with the Articular Capsule -
Subscapularis / Supraspinatus / Infraspinatus / Teres Minor
Injured when severely stretched in strong Circumduction
Ex. Baseball Pitcher |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| painful, inflammatory destruction of Joints - deforms the Joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| slow damage to Joints by: wear & tear |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| produces a Gouty Arthritis due to: Uric Acid crystals forming in Joints |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
if not treated can produce an Arthritis
cause: bite of infected Tick |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inflamed Bursae
(flattened little sacs in joints - contain Synovial Mem. producing normally a little synovial fluid)
reduce friction |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
at least one dozen in Knee Joint
Ex. Subcutaneous Prepatellar Bursa - often injured if there is anterior Knee Trauma |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
is deeply cupped inside the Acetabulum of the Coxal Bone ( Hip Bone )
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| circular rim of Fibrocartilage |
|
|
Term
| Ligament of the Head of the Femur |
|
Definition
attached to Fovea Capitis(Femoral Head)
attached to lower lip of Acetabulum
does not provide much stability |
|
|
