Term
| Bones are the organs of the ________ _______. |
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Definition
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Term
| The Adult skeleton has ____ separate bones |
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Definition
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Term
| The Divisions of Skeleton are ____ and _______. |
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Definition
| Axial skeleton, Appendicular skeleton |
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Term
| The two major divisions in the skull are _________ and _______. |
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Definition
| cranial bones and facial bones |
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Term
| Fetal Skull has ________ or _____ _____. |
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Definition
| Fontanels or soft spots |
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Term
| Fontanels allow skull to _____ during birth and permit _____ ______ __ _____. |
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Definition
| Mold, permit rapid growth of brain |
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Term
| The Hyoid Bone is a _______ bone |
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Definition
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Term
| The bone just above larynx; below mandible is the.. |
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Definition
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Term
| The only bone in body that does not articulate with another bone is the
.. |
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Definition
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Term
| Vertebral column has ___ vertebrae plus ______ and ______ |
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Definition
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Term
| The segments of the vertebral column are: |
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Definition
| 7 cervical vertebrae, 12 thoracic vertebrae, 5 lumbar vertebrae, Sacrum, and the Coccyx |
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Term
| All vertebrae, except first are |
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Definition
| flat, rounded body anteriorly and centrally, a spinous process posteriorly, and two transverse processes laterally |
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Term
| All but sacrum and coccyx have _________ ________ |
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Definition
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Term
| Second cervical vertebra has a |
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Definition
| upward projection, the dens, allows rotation of head |
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Term
| Seventh cervical vertebra has a |
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Definition
| long, blunt spinous process |
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Term
| The thoracic vertebrais has |
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Definition
| articular facets for the ribs |
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Term
| The shape of the Sternum is.. |
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Definition
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Term
| The Sternum which is the dagger-shaped bone in middle of anterior chest; three parts they are: |
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Definition
| Manubrium, Body, Xiphoid process |
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Term
| The Axial Skeleton includes the _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| The Thorax has ______ __ _____ + _____ + _____. |
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Definition
| 12 pairs of ribs + vertebral column + sternum |
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Term
| The Ribs are the ______ to the sternum. |
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Definition
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Term
| Rib attachment to the sternum: Ribs 1 through 8... |
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Definition
| join a costal cartilage that attaches it to the sternum |
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Term
| Rib attachment to the sternum: Costal cartilage of ribs 8 through 10 |
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Definition
| joins cartilage of rib above |
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Term
| The false ribs are ribs ___ and ___. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Skeletal Differences in Men the male skeleton is |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| deep and funnel-shaped; narrow pubic arch |
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Term
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Definition
| shallow, broad, flaring with wider pubic arch |
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Term
| Aging changes continue over a lifetime those changes can be _________ or ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The 4 Normal bone development processes are... |
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Definition
| Intramembranous ossification, Endochondral ossification, Oossification centers, Closure of epiphyseal |
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Term
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Definition
| calcified but not brittle |
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Term
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Definition
| more deposition than resorbtion |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| After puberty until early thirties replaced bone
. |
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Definition
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Term
| Negative outcomes of bone growth/decay are between ___ and ___ years of age. |
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Definition
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Term
| Between 30 and 40 years of age there is a _________ in osteoblast numbers. |
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Definition
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Term
| Between 30 and 40 years of age there is a _________ in osteoclast numbers. |
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Definition
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Term
| Mature osteocytes ________ and ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| When mature osteocytes coalesce and shrink it produces
. |
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Definition
| honeycomb of tiny holes in compact bone |
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Term
| Negative outcomes on the skeletal system is that the |
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Definition
| skeleton loses strength, increases fracture risk |
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Term
| Decrease in number of trabeculae results in |
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Definition
| spontaneous as well as compression fractures |
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Term
| Osteoporosis is common in ___ ___. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| partial or complete break in continuity of a bone |
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Term
| __________ ______ and _________ ______ are most common causes of bone fractures. |
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Definition
| Mechanical stress and traumatic injury |
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Term
| Pathological or spontaneous fractures occur in absence of ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Stress fractures may not be apparent in ________ __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Stress fractures can be seen in ____ ____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Stress fractures are caused by _________ ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| In displaced, open or compound fractures |
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Definition
| Breaks skin; bone projects; invites infection |
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Term
| In nondisplaced, closed or simple fractures |
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Definition
| No break in skin; less danger of infection |
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Term
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Definition
| One end of fracture driven into diaphysis of other fragment |
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Term
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Definition
| Break extends across entire section of bone |
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Term
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Definition
| some fracture components still partially joined |
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Term
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Definition
| fracture components jagged and fit together like teeth on a gear |
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Term
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Definition
| crushed, small, crumbled bone fragments near fracture |
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Term
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Definition
| The pulling away of the bony attachment site of tendons, ligament, joint capsule, or fascia. |
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Term
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Definition
| Pertaining to or resembling a line |
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Term
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Definition
| A fracture in which the fracture line is at right angles to the long axis of the bone. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| A fracture that follows a helical line along and around the course of a long bone. |
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Term
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Definition
| A minor fracture in which all the portions of the bone are in perfect alignment. |
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of the insertion of the patellar tendon below the knee cap. This condition is a common cause of anterior knee pain in active adolescents. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fracture of the lower end of the fibula and medial malleolus of the tibia, with dislocation of the foot outward and backward. |
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Term
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Definition
| A transverse fracture of the distal radial metaphysis with displacement of the hand posteriorly and outward, causing the characteristic dinner fork deformity during radiographical evaluation. |
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Term
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Definition
| A fracture usually involving more than one of the facial bones: maxillary, nasal, orbital, and/or zygomatic. |
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Term
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Definition
| A bipedicular fracture of the second cervical vertebra, often with a concomitant dislocation of the vertebra. |
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Term
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Definition
| a sudden bursting or rupture |
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Term
| Clinical signs of fractures include |
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Definition
| pain, loss of function, false motion, soft tissue edema, deformity, and crepitus |
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Term
| Initial treatment of fractures involve the ___________ and ______________ of bone fragments |
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Definition
| realignment and immobilization |
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Term
| A closed reduction fracture can be fixed ________ ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| A open reduction fracture _______ ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| With fractures after reduction then immobilization you have to use |
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Definition
| casts, splints, and bandages |
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Term
| Following healing of fracture |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Inflammation of air spaces within mastoid portion of temporal bone |
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Term
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Definition
| Pus from middle ear infection or otitis media |
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Term
| Mastoid air cells do not drain into the _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| In Mastoiditis infectious material erodes bony partition separating air cells from cranial cavity, causing ___________ _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Treatment for Mastoiditis may include |
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Definition
| Antibiotic thereapy or a mastoidectomy. |
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Term
| In antibiotic therapy for Mastoiditis |
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Definition
| A surgical incision of the eardrum is used to drain |
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Term
| Mastoidectomy (rare) is the |
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Definition
| Surgical removal of part of mastoid process |
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Term
| Normal curvature of the spine is used for |
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Definition
| strength for support of body and balance |
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Term
| Abnormal curvatures of the spine include _________, ________, and _______. |
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Definition
| Lordosis, Kyphosis, Scholiosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormally accentuated lumbar curve (swayback) |
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Term
| _______ is frequently seen during pregnancy. |
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Definition
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Term
| ________ may be secondary to traumatic injury |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| abnormally accentuated thoracic curvature (hunchback) |
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Term
| ________ is a frequent consequence of vertebral compression fractures in osteoporosis. |
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Definition
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Term
| Scheuermanns disease is.. |
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Definition
| development of kyphosis at puberty |
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Term
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Definition
| abnormal side-to-side spinal curvature |
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Term
| ________ often appears before adolescence |
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Definition
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Term
| Treatments for Scholiosis include ________ ______, _____________ ____________, and ______ ________ and vary with severity of curvature. |
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Definition
| Milwaukee brace, Transcutaneous stimulation, Surgical grafting. |
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Term
| Surgical grafting involves |
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Definition
| Reform deformed vertebrae or using bone from elsewhere or metal rods |
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