Term
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Definition
| Receptors distributed througout the body divided into visceral and somatic. |
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Term
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Definition
| Provide sensory information about the body and environment. Include: touch, pressure, itch, vibration, temperature, proprioception and pain. |
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Definition
| Provide information about various internal organs, primarily pain and pressure. |
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Term
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Definition
| Specialized nerve endings localized to specific parts of the body. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Stimuli
2. Receptor to A.P.
3. Afferent to the CNS
4. Translation and awareness |
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Term
| Sensory receptor that detects pain, itch, tickle, temperature, joint movement and proprioception. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sensory receptor that senses light touch and superficial pressure. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sensory receptor that senses light touch and responds to very slight bending of the hair. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sensory receptor that detects deep cutaneous pressure, vibration, and proprioception. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sensory receptor that detects two-point discrimination |
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Definition
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Term
| Sensory receptor that detects continuous touch or pressure; responds to depression or stretch of the skin. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sensory receptor that detects proprioception associated with detection of muscle stretch; important for control of muscle tone. |
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Definition
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Term
| Sensory receptor that detects proprioception associated with the stretch of a tendon; important in the control of muscle contraction. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Sensory receptors that respond to mechanical stimuli. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sensory receptors that respond to chemicals. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sensory receptors that respond to light. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sensory receptors that respond to painful mechanical, chemical or thermal stimuli. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sensory receptors that respond to changes in temperature. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Sensory pathway for olfaction |
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Definition
1. Odorant binds to G-protein receptor
2. G-protein is activated
3. Alpha subunit activates adenylate cyclase.
4. Adenylate cyclase converts ATP to cAMP.
5. cAMP opens ions channels.
6. Depolarization of the cell occurs. |
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Term
| Olfactory are that is involved with conscious perception of smell. |
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Definition
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Term
| Olfactory area involved with modulating smell |
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Definition
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Term
| Olfactory area that is involved with visceral and emotional responses to smell and is linked to mamillary bodies of hypothalamus. |
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Definition
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Term
| Two olfactory areas connected with limbic response. |
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Definition
| Intermediate and Medial areas |
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Term
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Definition
Salt
Sweet
Bitter
Sour
Umami (savory) |
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Term
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Definition
| Due to chemical binding within gustatory hairs of taste cells. |
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Term
| Cranial nerve that controls the front of the tongue |
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Definition
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Term
| Cranial nerves that control posterior portion of the tongue |
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Definition
| Vagus nerve and glossopharyngeal nerve |
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Term
| Sensory pathway for gustation |
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Definition
1. Chemical binds with gustatory cells generating A.P.s
2. Depolarization of cell or g-protein pathway is initiated
3. Gustatory hairs synapse with cranial nerves VII, IX and X.
4. Synapses terminate at the medulla.
5. A.P.s pass through afferent tracts to the thalamus and taste sensory cortex. |
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Term
| Where salt is sensed on the tongue |
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Definition
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Term
| Where sweet is sensed on the tongue |
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Definition
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Term
| Where bitter is sensed on the tongue. |
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Definition
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Term
| Where sour is sensed on the tongue. |
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Definition
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Term
| Where umami is sensed on the tongue |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Sodium ions diffuse through sodium ion channels and cause depolarization of the cell.
This results in calcium ion voltage gated channels to open and the influx of calcium triggers exocytosis of neurotransmitter. |
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Term
| Sensory pathway for acids/sour taste |
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Definition
3 Pathways involving H+ ions:
1. Enter cell through H+ channels
2. Bind to gated K+ channels, preventing K+ from entering cell
3. Can open ligand-gated channels for other positive ions. |
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Term
| Sensory pathway for sweet sensation |
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Definition
| 1. Sugars bind to g-protein receptors causing depolarization from K+ ion channels closing. |
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Term
| Sensory pathway for bitter sensation |
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Definition
| Alkaloids bind to g-protein receptors causing release of Calcium ions and depolarization of the cell. |
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Term
| Sensory pathway for umami sensation |
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Definition
| Amino acids bind to g-protein receptors which open Calcium ion channels and the influx of calcium causes depolarization of the cell. |
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Term
| This taste sensation has a low threshold to protect people from poisioning. |
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Definition
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Term
| Outermost tunic of the eye that contains dense fibrous connective tissue and makes up the white of the eye. |
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Definition
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Term
| Intermediate tunic of the eye that contains blood vessels and supportive tissues for the innermost layer. |
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Definition
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Term
| Deepest tunic of the eye that contains sensory structures. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Portion of the eye that regulates the size of the pupil. |
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Definition
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Term
| Opening of the iris which allows light to enter the eye |
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Definition
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Term
| Focusing structure that is posterior to the pupil |
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Definition
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Term
| Large open space that is posterior to lens that gives distance for focusing. |
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Definition
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Term
| Jello-like substance in large open space behind lens of the eye |
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Definition
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Term
| Photoreceptors responsible for non-color vision |
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Definition
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Term
| Photoreceptors responsible for color vision |
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Definition
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Term
| Pigments associated with light and dark adaptation |
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Definition
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Term
| Pigment associated with color vision |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
1. Light strikes rods and cones causing biochemical reaction with pigements.
2. Electrical signal passes through retinal structures to optic nerve.
3. Optic nerve synapses at thalamus generating emotional context to visual images.
4. Association fibers project to occipital lobe where color, shape and movement are processed separately.
5. Visual association translates information into a visual pattern. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Vestibulocochlear nerve which terminates at a synapse within the brain stem.
2. This generates reflexive action relative to hearing.
3. A.P.s then pass to the thalamus and the auditory cortex in the temporal lobe. |
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Term
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Definition
1. Mechanical receptors generate A.P.s in response to fluid position and movement within the semicircular canals.
2. Vestibulocochlear nerve synapses at brain stem and diencephalon and terminates within the inferior portion of the somatosensory association area within the parietal lobe. |
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Term
| Portion of ear that terminates at the eardrum and is associated with hearing. |
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Definition
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Term
| Portion of the ear that contains auditory ossicles. |
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Definition
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Term
| Portion of ear that deals with hearing and balance and contains interconnecting fluid-filled tunnels and chambers. |
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Definition
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Term
| Structure of the ear that is related to balance and allow us to detect our movement. |
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Definition
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