Term
| The anterior pituitary gland produces how many well-understood hormones? |
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Definition
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Term
The anterior pituitary gland is composed of:
A) Glandular Tissue
B) Neural Tissue |
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Definition
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Term
The posterior pituitary gland is composed of:
A) Glandular Tissue
B) Neural Tissue |
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Definition
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Term
| The posterior lobe of the pit. gland releases how many hormones? |
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Definition
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Term
| The post. lobe of the pit. gland releases hormones produced by neurons in the ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| The peptide hormones of the anterior pituitary are? |
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Definition
TSH (thyroid-stimulating hormone)
FSH (follicle stimulating hormone)
LH (lutenizing hormones - the gonadotropins)
(ACTH) Adrenocorticotropic Hormone or corticotropin
Growth Hormone
Prolactin |
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Term
| TSH stimulates secretion of what hormone by which gland? |
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Definition
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Term
| What does FSH do in females? |
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Definition
| Stimulates maturation of the ovarian follicle in women and production of ESTROGEN. |
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Term
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Definition
| Triggers ovulation; stimulates production of estrogen and PROGESTERONE |
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Term
| What does FSH do in males? |
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Definition
| Stimulates sperm production. |
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Term
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Definition
| Stimulates production of testosterone. |
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Term
| ACTH stimulates the secretion of what? |
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Definition
| Glucorticoids and other hormones of the adrenal cortex. |
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Term
| Growth hormone is responsible for what? |
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Definition
| Stimulates growth and energy metabolism. Most growth effects of GH require intermediary proteins called somatomedins or insulin-like growth factors (IGFs). |
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Term
| PRL (Prolactin) does what? |
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Definition
| Stimulates lactation in females. |
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Term
| The pineal gland produces _____? |
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Definition
| Melatonin, an amine hormone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Studies suggest it coordinates body activities with light-dark cycles. |
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Term
| Thyroid gland produces what two hormones? |
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Definition
| Thyroid hormone (TH) and Calcitonin. |
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Term
| Follicular cells in the THYROID produce ______ |
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Definition
| Thyroid hormone, an amine. |
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Term
| Parafollicular cells in the thyroid produce ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| Thyroglobulin is _________ |
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Definition
| Fills the large follicles in the thyroid gland. Makes up TH. |
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Term
| Thyroid hormone amplifies the activity of the ___________ |
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Definition
| Sympathetic nervous system. |
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Term
| Calcitonin inhibits the activity of _______. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Parathyroid glands produce ________. |
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Definition
| Peptide Parathyroid Hormone (PTH). |
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Term
| PTH (Parathyroid Hormone)acts on the kidney to _____________. |
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Definition
| Increase reabsorption of calcium. |
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Term
| PTH (Parathyroid Hormone)increases ________ of bone, thereby making blood calcium levels __________ (increase/decrease)? |
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Definition
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Term
| PTH promotes final conversion of _________ to its active form. |
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Definition
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Term
| The active form of Vitamin D is _______ |
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Definition
| Steroid hormone calcitriol. Increases uptake of calcium from the intestine. |
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Term
| The thymus produces ________. |
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Definition
| Thymosin and thymopoietin, peptide hormones. |
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Term
| Thymic hormones appear to regulate __________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The outer layer of the adrenal gland is the _________. The inner layer is the _________. |
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Definition
| Adrenal cortex; adrenal medulla. |
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Term
| Adrenal cortex secretes 3 families of hormones. They are: |
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Definition
| Mineralocorticoids, glucocorticoids, and androgens. |
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Term
| Mineralocorticoids regulate... |
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Definition
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Term
| The most important mineralocorticoids is _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The most important mineralocorticoids is ______. |
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Definition
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Term
| The zona glomerulosa produces ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The zona fasciculata and zona reticularis produce __________ and _______. |
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Definition
Glucocorticoids. Includes cortisol, cortisone, and corticosterone.
Androgens (male sex hormones), includes androstenedione and testosterone. |
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Term
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Definition
| Regulates energy metabolism, regulates immune system, facilitates the stress response. |
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Term
| The adrenal medulla produces _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| The family of Catecholamines are made up of which two main hormones? |
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Definition
| Epinephrine (E) and Norepinephrine (NE) |
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Term
| Catecholamines are important during what? |
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Definition
| Fight or flight response. |
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Term
| The pancreas has both _____ and _____ functions. |
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Definition
Endocrine; exocrine.
The exocrine secretions are digestive juices. |
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Term
| Acinar cells produce _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Pancreatic islets are composed of what two cells? |
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Definition
| Beta cells and alpha cells. |
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Term
| Beta cells secrete ____. Alpha cells secrete _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Somatostatin is produced by ______ and its function is ___________. |
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Definition
| Rare cells among the pancreatic islets; not well understood. |
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Term
| Insulin promotes ______ in the _____, ____, and ________. |
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Definition
| Insulin promotes storage of organic tissue in the liver, muscle, and adipose tissue. |
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Term
| Insulin ________ (increases/decreases) uptake of ______ in tissues. |
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Definition
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Term
| Insulin promotes _____ synthesis in liver and muscle and _______ synthesis in liver and adipose tissue. |
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Definition
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Term
| The end result of insulin secretion is _______ (increased/decreased) levels of ________. |
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Definition
| Decreased; blood-glucose. |
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Term
| Glucagon stimulates ________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Glucagon stimulates synthesis of _________. |
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Definition
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Term
| Ovaries produce ________. Steroids are ______. Peptide is ________. |
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Definition
Female sex hormones;
Estrogen and progesterone;
Inhibin |
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Term
| Estrogen and inhibin are produced first by ______ then by the ________. |
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Definition
| Granulosa cells; corpus luteum. |
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Term
| Estrogen and progesterone regulate _____. |
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Definition
| Ovarian function, cyclic changes in uterine lining, and breast development during puberty. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Male sex hormone includes the steroid ______ and the peptide _____. |
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Definition
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Term
| Testosterone is produced by ______ and inhibin is produced by the _______. |
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Definition
| Interstitial cells; sustentacular cells. |
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Term
| Inhibin supresses secretion of ____. |
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Definition
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Term
Source, Target Organ, Effects
Growth Hormone |
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Definition
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