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A&P Chapter 5 Integumentary System & Body Membranes
Integumentary System & Body Membranes
80
Nursing
Undergraduate 1
08/14/2010

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Term
3rd degree burn
Definition

Full-thickness burn

 

Greatest risk of infection

 

Complete destruction of epidermis and dermis

 

 

Term
2nd degree
Definition

partial-thickness burn

 

causes injury to upper layers of dermis

 

blisters, severe pain, swelling, fluid loss

 

scarring common

Term
1st degree
Definition

partial-thickness burn

 

minor discomfort, some redness

 

surface layer may peel

 

no blistering

 

tissue destruction minimal

Term
cyanosis
Definition
bluish appearance of the skin caused by deficient oxygenation of the blood
Term
melanin
Definition
prevents the sun's UV rays from penetrating the interior of the body
Term
keratin
Definition
protects the body from excessive fluid loss
Term
Rule of mole self examination
Definition
  • Asymmetry
  • Border
  • Color
  • Diameter
Term
melanoma
Definition

most serious form of skin cancer

 

sometimes develops from a benign or noncancerous pigmented mole, then transforms into a dark spreading cancerous lesion

Term
basal cell carcinoma
Definition

most common skin cancer

 

usually appears on upper face

 

originates at the base of epidermis

 

less likely to mestastasize

 

appears first as small, raised lesion that erodes in center, bleeding crusted center

Term
squamous cell carcinoma
Definition

common skin cancer

 

slow-growing malignant tumor of the epidermis

 

begin as hard, raised nodules that are usually painless

Term
kaposi sarcoma
Definition
rare form of skin cancer associated with AIDS and other immune deficiencies
Term
3 most common skin cancers
Definition

squamous cell carcinoma

 

basal cell carcinoma

 

malignant melonoma

Term
sebum
Definition

accumulates in and enlarges some of the ducts of the sebaceous glands forming white pimples

 

when exposed to air, form blackheads

Term
sebum
Definition

lubrication for hair and skin secreted from sebaceous gland tiny ducts

 

"nature's skin cream"

 

prevents skin from drying and cracking

Term
sebaceous glands
Definition

glands that secrete oil for the hair and skin

 

grow where hair grow

Term
apocrine sweat glands
Definition
sweat glands found in the armpits and in the pigmented skin areas around the genitals
Term
pores
Definition
Outlets of small ducts from the eccrine sweat glands
Term
3000
Definition
Approximately 1 sq. in. of skin on the palms contains about ____________ eccrine sweat glands.
Term
maintain a constant temperature
Definition

Sweat plays a critical role in helping the body

 

___________  __  ___________  _________________

Term
ammonia & uric acid
Definition
Sweat assists in the elimination of waste products such as ______________ & _______   _______
Term
eccrine sweat glands
Definition

Sweat glands:

More numerous, important wipe spread

 

Produce perspiration / sweat

Term
eccrine and apocrine sweat glands
Definition
Two groups of sweat (sudoriferous) glands
Term

Sudoriferous (sweat) glands

 

Sebaceous glands

Definition
Two types of skin glands
Term
nail bed
Definition

Under the nail

 

Layer of epithelium

Term
lunula
Definition
Crescent-shaped white area nearest the nail root
Term
cuticle
Definition
A fold of skin that covers the nail root
Term
root
Definition
part of the nail that lies in a groove and is hidden by the cuticle
Term
nail body
Definition
Visible part of the nail
Term
nails
Definition
accessory organ of the skin and are produced by cells in the epidermis
Term

bulboid corpuscles

(Krause end bulbs)

Definition
Detect low frequency vibration, touch and cold
Term
free nerve endings
Definition
Respond to pain
Term
Meissner corpuscle
Definition

Located close to the skin surface

 

Detects light touch

Term
lamellar (Pacini) corpuscle
Definition

Deep in the dermis

 

Detects pressure on the skin surface

Term
arrector pili
Definition

Muscle that causes "goose bumps"

by pulling up on a hair follicle and down on part of the skin

Term
arrector pili
Definition
muscle attached to the base of a dermal papilla above and to the side of a hair follicle
Term
shaft
Definition
Visible part of a hair
Term
hair papilla
Definition

Hair growth begins from a small, cap-shaped cluster of cells called the _______ ___________.

 

Located at the base of the follicle.

Term
Lanugo
Definition
Term for a newborn infant's hair
Term
follicles
Definition
Specialized structures required for hair growth already present at birth
Term
reticular layer
Definition
Deeper area of the dermis layer filled with a dense network of interlacing fibers
Term
dermal papillae
Definition

Important part of the dermal-epidermal junction that helps bind the skin layers together.

 

Also form "fingerprints"

Term
dermal papillae
Definition
Upper region of the dermis with parallel rows of tiny bumps
Term
dermal - epidermal layer
Definition
The junction that exists between the thin epidermal layer of the skin above and the dermal layer below
Term
cyanosis
Definition
Bluish appearance of the skin caused by deficient oxygenation of the blood
Term
heredity
Definition
Determines how dark or light your basic skin color is
Term
absorb UV radiation
Definition
Primary function of melanin
Term
melanocyte
Definition
specialized cells in the pigment layer that produce melanin
Term
melanin
Definition

brown skin pigment

 

the higher the concentration, the deeper the color

Term
pigment layer
Definition
Layer of the epidermis that contains the melanocytes that produce melanin to give skin its color
Term
blister
Definition
A baglike fluid-filled elevation of the skin caused by an irritant such as heat, friction or a chemical
Term
stratum corneum
Definition
The tough outer layer of the epidermis
Term
stratum germinativum
Definition

Cells of the innermost layer of the epidermis.

 

Undergo mitosis & reproduce themselves.

Term
subcutaneous
Definition

Fat in the ___________________

layer insulates the body from extremes of heat & cold.

Term
subcutaneous tissue or hypodermis
Definition
Layers of the skin are supported by a thick layer of loose connective tissue and fat called ___________________.
Term
dermis
Definition

Deeper of the two layers of skin.

 

Made up largely of connective tissue.

Term
epidermis
Definition

Outermost layer of the skin.

 

Thin sheet of striatified squamous epithelium.

Term

epidermis

 

dermis

Definition
2 layers of the skin structure
Term
bursae
Definition
Small, cushion-like sacs found between many moving parts.
Term
synovial fluid
Definition
Thick colorless lubricating fluid
Term
synovial membranes
Definition
Connective tissue that lines the spaces between bones & joints that move.
Term
mucocutaneous junction
Definition
Transitional area that serves as a point of fusion where skin and mucous membranes meet.
Term
mucous membrane
Definition
Epithelial membranes that line body surfaces opening directly to the exterior
Term
peritonitis
Definition

Inflammation of the serous membranes in the abdominal cavity.

 

Sometimes a serious complication of an infected appendix.

Term
pleurisy
Definition
Inflammation of the serous membranes (pleura) that line the chest cavity and cover the lungs
Term
peritoneum
Definition
serous membranes in the abdominal cavity
Term
pleura
Definition
serous membranes in the thoracic cavity
Term
visceral portion
Definition
Serous membrane that covers the surface of organs
Term
perietal portion
Definition
Serous membrane that lines the walls of a body cavity
Term
basement membrane
Definition
The connective tissue layer of the serous membrane that holds and supports the epithelial cells.
Term

Thin layer of simple squamous epithelium

 

and

 

basement membrane

Definition
Structure of the serous membrane
Term
serous membrane
Definition
Membrane composed of two distinct layers of tissue
Term
Cutaneous
Definition

_______________________ membrane

 

Skin

Primary integumentary organ

Term

Cutaneous

 

Serous

 

Mucous

Definition
Three types of epithelial tissue membranes in the body.
Term
Connective
Definition
Membrane that covers joints
Term
epithelial membrane
Definition
Composed of epithelial tissue and an underlying layer of specialized connective tissue
Term

epithelial membrane

 

connective tissue membrane

Definition
types of body membranes
Term
membrane
Definition
Thin, sheetlike structure that may have many important functions in the body
Term
integument
Definition
Another name for skin
Term
keratin
Definition
Tough, waterproof material that provides cells in the outer layer of the skin w/a horny, abrasion-resistant and protective quality.
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