Function: Elevates scapula, retracts and rotates scapula superiorly.

Innervation: CN X1: Spinal Accesory Nerve

Origin: Medial nuchal line, external protuberance, nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7-T12

Insertion: Lateral; 1/3 of clavicle, acromion and spine of scapula

Function: Extends, adducts and medially rotates humerus

Innervation: Thoracodorsal N.

Origin: Spinous process of T7-12, thoracolumbar fascia, illiac crest, last 3-4 ribs

Inserion: Intertubercular groove of humerus

Function:Elevates scapula, rotates scapula inferiorly

Innervation: Dorsal Scapula N.

Origin: Transverse process of C1-C4

Insertion: Medial border of scapula

Rhomboid Major

Function:Retracts scapula and rotates in inferiorly. Fixes scapula to thoracic wall

Innervation: Dorsal Scapula N.

Origin: Spinous process of T2-T5

Inserion: Medial border of scapula

Function: Assists Rhom major to retract scapula, rotate scapula inferiorly. Fixes scapula to thoracic wall

Innervation: Dorsal Scapula N.

Origin: Nuchal ligament. Spinous process of C7-T1

Insertion: Medial border of scapula

Function: Proprioception/Elevates ribs

Innervation: Intercostal nerves (T1-4/T2-5)

Origin: Nuchal ligament, spinous process of C7-T3

Insertion: Superior border of ribs 2-4

Function: Proprioception, depresses ribs

Innervation: Intercostal nerves T9-T12

Origin: Spinous processes of T11-L2

Insertion: Inferior border of ribs 8/9-12

Function: Alone-Lateral flexion of neck, rotate head to side of active muscles. Together- Extension of head and neck.

Innervation:Posterior (dorsal) rami of spinal nerves

Origin: Nuchal ligament, spinous processes of C7-T3/3

Insertion: Capitis: Mastoid process of temporal bone, lateral 1/3 of inf. nuchal line

Cervicis: Transverse processes of C1-3/4

Function: Extends neck and rotates to the same side

Innervation: Suboccipital N.

Origin: Spinous process of C2

InserionL Lateral part of inferior nuchal line

Function: Extension of neck

Innervation: Suboccipital Nerve

Origin: Posterior tubercle of posterior arch of C1

Insertion: Medial part of inferior nuchal line

Function: Rotates atlas to turn face to the same side

Innervation: Suboccipital N.

Origin: Spinous process of C2

Insertion: Transverse process of C1

Function: Extension of neck, lateral flexion

Innervation: Suboccipital N.

Origin: Transverse Process of C1

Insertion: Occipital bone