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9-3
last notes for test 1
32
Biology
Undergraduate 1
09/04/2013

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Term
what is an enzyme?
Definition
catalytic protein
Term
what do enzymes do? (movement)
Definition
regulates movement of molecule through metabolic pathways
Term
what happens to enzymes during/after a reaction?
Definition
they ARE NOT used up
Term
what do structural proteins compose?
Definition
parts of organisms
Term
what are 3 structural proteins?
Definition
keratin, collagen, and hemoglobin
Term
what kind of chains does a hemoglobin molecule have?
Definition
2 alpha chains and 2 beta chains
Term
what does one hemoglobin bind?
Definition
4 O2 molecules
Term
how much of body parts are made up of collagen?
Definition
1/3
Term
what makes up 1/3 of all body parts?
Definition
collagen
Term
what are 3 things made of collagen?
Definition
tendons, ligaments, skin
Term
what happens to collagen over time?
Definition
it loses its structure (botox)
Term
what is the purpose of keratin?
Definition
outer body protection
Term
what is made of keratin?
Definition
nails, hair, hooves, etc
Term
what kind of animal has keratin in their skin?
Definition
land vertibrates
Term
why do land vertibrates have keratin in their skin?
Definition
waterproofing agent - helps hold in H2O
Term
is the structure of proteins simple or complex?
Definition
very complex
Term
what is the order of structure in proteins based on?
Definition
hierarchy
Term
how many amino acids have to be flawed to cause a problem?
whats an example?
Definition
only 1
sickle cell anemia
Term
what is the primary structure that is in coils and pleats?
Definition
ribbons of amino acid chains
Term
what is an example of a beta pleated sheet?
Definition
silk
Term
what is involved in the secondary structure?
Definition
alpha helixes and beta pleated sheets
Term
what is the tertiary structure of cells composed of?
Definition
the folding of secondary coils/folds
Term
what is an example of a quaternary protein?
Definition
hemoglobin
Term
what qualifies a protein as quaternary?
Definition
a protein with more than 1 chain of amino acids
Term
is there order to the folding/helixing of the primary chain?
Definition
yes
Term
What does the Biuret reagent stain?
Definition
peptide bonds
Term
what is the color of biuret agent before used?
Definition
blue
Term
what denotes a positive biuret test?
Definition
changes from blue to lavender
Term
does a single amino acid test positive or negative in biuret reagent?
Definition
negative
Term
what is an independent variable?
Definition
factor that causes a change in the dependent variable
Term
what is a dependent variable?
Definition
varies because of changes in independent variable
Term
what does a colorimeter do?
Definition
meansures absorbance/transmittance of light through solution
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