Term
| what are the 2 most important advances in biology? |
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Definition
the 3D shape of DNA
evolution - natural selection |
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Term
| what was Charles Darwin's book about evolution called, when was it published, how many copies sold the first day? |
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Definition
Origin of Species
November 24th, 1859
3,000 copies |
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Term
| what made the Origin of Species controversial? |
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Definition
| references to human evolution |
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Term
| who technically made the discovery of the 3D shape of DNA? When was it published? |
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Definition
Watson and Crick
April 25, 1953 |
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Term
| what is evolution of life dependent on? |
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Definition
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Term
| who is Friedrich Mieschler and what did he do? what year? |
|
Definition
used white blood cells to discover "nucleon," contains CHON and phosphate group
1869 |
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Term
| why was Friedrich Mieschler met with animosity? |
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Definition
| people did not want to believe that they had something in common with simple organisms |
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Term
| which 2 groups made the discovery that DNA is genetic material? |
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Definition
Griffith
Hershey and Chase |
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Term
| who is Frederick Griffith? what did he do? what year? |
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Definition
studied the R and S strains of strep and their effect on mice. realized that dead S strain cells combined withe live R strain cells will kill mice - called it transformation (known as DNA in 1944)
1928 |
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Term
where does the final proof that Griffith's findings were DNA?
what year? |
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Definition
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Term
| what virus did Hershey and Chase use? |
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Definition
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Term
| what did Hershey and Chase's experiment prove? |
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Definition
| DNA and protein are 2 different things |
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Term
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Definition
| Thymine, Adenine, Guanine, Cytosine |
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Term
what did Erwin Chargaff do?
what year? |
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Definition
he was a mathematician and he published a paper that said DNA varies between species, the 4 bases were there but not all equal, and %T=%A and %C=%G.
1947 |
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Term
| what were the 3 groups in the "race" of DNA structure? |
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Definition
Watson and Crick
Wilkins and Franklin
Pauling |
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Term
| who came up with the idea of the double helix? |
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Definition
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Term
| what were Watson and Crick's 2 main problems at first? |
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Definition
placing the sugar-P chains facing inside
matching A to A and C to C, etc |
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Term
| what did Wilkins and Franklin do? |
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Definition
| X-ray crystallography to study the structure of DNA |
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Term
| what did Pauling discover? |
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Definition
| alpha helix shape of proteins |
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Term
| what did Watson "learn" to help him and Crick finish their model? |
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Definition
DNA was helical in shape
the width of the helix
spacing of the bases |
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Term
| what was wrong with Watson and Crick's original double helix? |
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Definition
| didn't fit xray measurements and other information on the chemistry of DNA |
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