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8th Science-Cells
Chapter 1 Test
26
Science
8th Grade
03/29/2010

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Term
* The outer boundary of an animal cell
Definition
is the cell membrane.
Term
* Bacterial cells
Definition
do not have a nucleus.
Term
* All organic compounds
Definition
contain carbon.
Term
* Enzymes
Definition
help speed up chemical reactions in living things.
Term
* Carbohydrates
Definition
= sugars and starches
Term
* DNA and RNA
Definition
are nucleic acids.
Term
* Diffusion
Definition
is when materials move from a higher to a lower concentration through a
cell membrane.
Term
* The movement of water molecules through a selectively permeable membrane is
Definition
osmosis.
Term
*Active transport
Definition
is when energy is needed to move materials through a cell
membrane.
Term
*Anton van Leeuwenhoek
Definition
was the first scientist to see bacterial cells.
Term
* The cell theory states that
Definition
-all cells are produced from other cells.
-all living things are composed of cells.
-cells are the basic unit of structure for all living things.
Term
* To figure out total magnification
Definition
you multiply the magnification of the two lenses.
Term
* Magnification
Definition
refers to the size of an image
Term
* Resolution
Definition
refers to the sharpness of an image.
Term
* Water is important for a cell, because
Definition
-most chemical reaction in a cell require water.
-water helps the cell keep its size and shape.
-water also helps regulate temperature in a cell.
Term
Cell wall-
Definition
supports/protects the cell Bacteria, Plant
Term
Cell membrane-
Definition
allows things in and our of the cell Bacteria, Plant, Animal
Term
Ribosomes-
Definition
produce proteins Bacteria, Plant, Animal
Term
Chromatin-
Definition
DNA-directs the function of the cell Bacteria, Plant, Animal
Term
Vacuole
Definition
-storage area Plant, Animal
Term
Nucleus
Definition
-“brain” Plant, Animal
Term
Endoplasmic Reticulum (ER)-
Definition
carries proteins to other parts of the cell
Plant, Animal
Term
Golgi Body-
Definition
packages material to be sent to other areas Plant, Animal
Term
Mitochondria
Definition
-“mighty” produce most of the energy Plant, Animal
Term
Lysosmes
Definition
-contain chemicals to break things down Plant, Animal
Term
Chloroplasts
Definition
-produce energy from the sun through photosynthesis
Plant
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