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8th Grade Chemistry Basics
Some basic review notes about basic chemistry principles.
21
Science
Not Applicable
04/07/2005

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Term
Matter
Definition
mass or the amount of material
Term
Volume
Definition
the amount of space something is made up of.
Term
Physical Properties
Definition
properties or characteristics easily identifiable by our senses, such as color, hardness, size, shape, luster
Term
Chemical Properties
Definition
Properties or characteristics a material has due to its atomic or molecular structure, such as (but not only) its state or phase (liquid, gas, or solid).
Term
Solubility
Definition
how well matter can disolve in a solvent, such as salt (a solute) in water (a solvent).
Term
Unsaturated
Definition
a solution in which more solute can be disolved in a solvent.
Term
Saturated
Definition
a solution in which no more solute can be disolved in a solvent, and without any materials remaining undisolved (no precipitates are visibly undisolved).
Term
Supersaturated
Definition
a solution in which no more solute can be disolved in a solvent, however some precipitates are visibly undisolved at the bottom of the solution.
Term
Change in State
Definition
a transfer of energy to or from a material whereby it changes from solid, liquid, or gas to another state or phase (solid, liquid, or gas).
Term
Melting
Definition
A change from solid to liquid
Term
Evaporation
Definition
a change from liquid to gas
Term
Condensation
Definition
a change from gas to liquid
Term
Freezing
Definition
a change from liquid to solid
Term
What affects solubility?
Definition
Surface area and temperature.
Term
What does a solubility graph show?
Definition
the ability of chemicals to disolve in solution form at a certain temperature. Solubility is expressed in grams per 100 cubic centimeters, for a temperature of interest. Study graphs!!!
Term
Conductivity
Definition
a materials ability to conduct (transfer) heat or electrical current.
Term
Some good conductors are?
Definition
metals and some solutions
Term
Insulators
Definition
materials which are not good conductors of heat or electrical current.
Term
Some good insulators are?
Definition
rubber, glass, many ceramic materials, wood, plastics
Term
Electrolytes
Definition
solutions which are good conductors of electrical energy; used in many batteries, as well as the human body.
Term
Density
Definition
the amount of mass per unit of volume; often written as grams per cubic centimeter
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