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8. lower limb function
BrownMed
22
Archaeology
4th Grade
11/02/2010

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Cards

Term
pectoral girdle bones (2)
Definition
clavicle, scapula
Term
pelvic girdle bones (2)
Definition
sacrum, pelvic bones
Term
arm:forearm::
Definition
thigh:leg
Term
thumb / big toe
Definition
pollex / hallux
Term
wrist bones / ankle bones
Definition
scaphoid lunate triquetrum pisiform trapezium trapezoid capitate hamate; talus, calcaneus, medial intermediate and lateral cuneiform bones, cuboid, navicular
Term
actions of the ankle (2)
Definition
inversion, eversion
Term
biceps brachii; muscle lever arm, load lever arm, fulcrum
Definition
elbow flexor + resists extension. muscle force = 10X load at 90 degrees.
Term
what is the load on legs?
Definition
the body! load force is just gravity.
Term
biceps:dumbell::_:body
Definition
vastus muscle
Term
good leverage + low muscle forces for legs
Definition
standing straight; poor leverage when squatting
Term
knee extensors do what also
Definition
actively resist flexion
Term
what happens with poor leverage in legs?
Definition
high muscle forces due to increased load lever arm
Term
static stability
Definition
requires that the center of gravity remains within the base of support
Term
walking
Definition
dynamic gait; series of controlled falls
Term
center of gravity in humans
Definition
around S2
Term
walking is characterized by what kind of movement
Definition
pendular arc; inverted pendulum-like movement
Term
shuffling
Definition
generalized musculoskeletal weakness; parkinson's; old person walk, with wide gait and decrease in step length, swing time, arm movements and speed
Term
Steppage gait
Definition
= foot-drop gait. results from polio or tibialis anterior deficiency (blow to knee damaging peroneal nerve)- compensates to prevent toe dragging
Term
tibialis anterior (2)
Definition
dorsiflexor and resistor of plantarflexion
Term
foot slap in steppage gait is because
Definition
tib. ant. can't resist plantar flexion when heel hits ground
Term
trendelenburg gait
Definition
gluteus medius deficit. usually abducts hip and prevents pelvic tilt.
Term
which side is low during swing period of trendelenburg gait?
Definition
unaffected side
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