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Definition
Faults are fractures in Earth where movement has occurred |
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An earthquake epicenter is ? |
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Definition
The epicenter is the location on the surface directly above the focus |
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When an earthquake occurs energy radiates in all directions from its source which is called the ? |
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Definition
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Earthquakes are usually associated with ? |
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Definition
Large fractures in earths crust and mantle called faults |
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What causes earthquakes ? |
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Definition
Earthquakes occur due to the release of built up energy |
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Most earthquakes are produced by the rapid release of elastic energy stored in rock subjected to great forces ? |
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Definition
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During an earthquake the ground surface |
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Definition
Can move in any direction |
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The adjustments of materials that follow a major earthquake often generate smaller earthquakes called |
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Definition
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Major earthquakes are sometimes preceded by smaller earthquakes called |
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Definition
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The slow continuous movement that occurs along what fault ? |
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Definition
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Which seismic waves travel most rapidly ? |
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Definition
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What is true about p waves ? |
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Definition
They compress and expand rocks in the direction the waves travel |
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Term
Overall which seismic waves are the most destructive? |
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Definition
The surface waves are because surface waves move in an up down side to side motion |
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What is the minimum number of seismic stations that is needed to determine the location of an earthquakes epicenter ? |
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Definition
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What instrument records earthquake waves? |
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How much of an increase in wave amplitude is seen from an earthquake measuring 5.4 on the Richter scale compared to one measuring 4.4 ? |
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Definition
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A succession of ocean waves set in motion by a submarine earthquake is called an ? |
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In areas where unconsolidated sediments are saturated with water,earthquakes can turn stable soil into fluid through a process called ? |
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Definition
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Violent shaking from an earthquake can cause soil and rock on slopes to fail and cause a ? |
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Definition
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Why do earthquakes often cause damaging fires ? |
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Definition
The fires started when gas and electrical lines were cut |
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Term
Long range earthquake forecast are based on the idea that earthquakes are ? |
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Definition
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Term
What layers of earth make up the lithosphere ? |
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Definition
Crust and uppermost mantle |
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Term
Through which Earth layer are S waves NOT transmitted ? |
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Definition
outer core because it is liquid |
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Term
Earths core is made of an alloy of ? |
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Definition
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Term
Wegners continental drift hypothesis stated that all continents once joined together to form ? |
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Definition
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The supercontinent in the continental drift hypothesis is called ? |
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Definition
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Term
In the plate tectonics theory the lithosphere is divided into |
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Definition
plates and plates can be made up of both continental and oceanic lithosphere |
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Term
A tectonic plate consists of |
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Definition
crust and uppermost mantle |
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Term
A divergent boundary at two oceanic plates can result in a ? |
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Definition
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What type of boundary occurs where two plates move together,causing one plate to descend into the mantle beneath the other plate ? |
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Definition
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Give an example of a transform boundary ? |
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Definition
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What occurs when divergence occurs between two oceanic plates ? |
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Definition
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Term
The Himalayas in south asia are an example of what type of plate boundary ? |
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Definition
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Volcanic island arcs are associated with what type of plate boundary ? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following affects the amount of destruction caused by earthquake vibrations ? |
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Definition
The design of the structure,the intensity and duration of the vibrations,the nature of the materials on which structures are built |
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Term
What hypothesis states that the continents were once joined to form a single continent ? |
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Definition
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Term
One kind of evidence that supports Wegener's hypothesis is that ? |
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Definition
Fossils of the same organisms have been found on different continents |
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Term
How did opponents of continental drift account for the existence of similar fossils on widely separated ? |
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Definition
Migration across land bridges |
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Term
Which of the following statements correctly describes the asthenosphere ? |
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Definition
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Term
In the plate tectonics theory the lithosphere is divided into ? |
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Definition
7 major plates and many smaller plates |
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Term
A tectonic plate consists of ? |
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Definition
crust and uppermost mantle |
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Term
In the plate tectonic theory a plate can be made up of ? |
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Definition
both continental and oceanic lithosphere |
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Term
A divergent boundary at two oceanic plates can result in a ? |
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Definition
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Term
What type of boundary occurs where two plates move together causing one plate to descend into the mantle beneath the other plate ? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is a geographic example of a transform fault boundary ? |
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Definition
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New ocean crust is formed at ? |
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Definition
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Which of the following results when divergence occurs between two oceanic plates ? |
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Definition
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Term
The Himalayas in South Asia are an example of what type of plate boundary ? |
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Definition
Convergent continental-continental boundary |
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Term
Volcanic island arcs are associated with what type of plate boundary ? |
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Definition
convergent oceanic-oceanic boundary |
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