Term
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Definition
• Domain Bacteria: prokaryotes that are found everywhere
• Domain Archaea: prokaryotes that live in earth’s harshest environments—extremists
• Domain Eukarya: all eukaryotic organisms |
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Term
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Definition
| • Prokaryotes found everywhere! |
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Term
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Definition
| • Prokaryotes that live in earth’s harshest environments—extremists |
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Term
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Definition
| • All eukaryotic organisms |
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Term
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Definition
• Protists were all in one kingdom, but in reality protists are too diverse
• Still used, but scientists usually use the three domain system
• Five kingdoms: Monera, Protista, Fungi, Plantae, Animalia |
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Term
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Definition
• Eubacteria and archaebacteria: all prokaryotes
• Prokaryotes have DNA in a cirlce! No membrane-bound organelles
• Endosphere, can use wide variety of substances for energy, can be heterotropic and autotrophic |
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Term
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Definition
• Something that certain prokaryotes can do
• Unfavorable growth conditions form this structure protection until favorable growth conditions are present |
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Term
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Definition
• All eukaryotic, most unicellular…heterotropic or autotrophic
• Algae, phytoplankton, zooplankton |
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Term
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Definition
• Protists
• Includes small algae
• Do much of world’s photosynthesis and produce 90% of atmospheric oxygen |
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Term
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Definition
• Heterotropic protists and animals
• Base of marine food web |
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Term
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Definition
• Autotrphic protists
• Red (most abundant), brown (many seaweed species), green (mostly fresh water) |
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Term
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Definition
• Heterotrophic eukaryotes—absorb organic minerals to eat
• Mostly multicellular, some unicellular like yeast
• Secrete powerful digestive enzymes digest food while it’s still in the environment
• Decomposers |
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Term
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Definition
• Multiple nuclei in cells
• Cell wall made of polysaccharide chitlin |
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Term
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Definition
• Blurry with Protista (like algae)
• Multicellular autotrophs that use photosynthesis
• Bryophytes, pteridophytes, gymnosperm, angiosperm |
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Term
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Definition
• True roots, stems, leaves transport stuff like water and carbohydrates
• Seed plants and seedless plants
• Seedless plants use spores, like ferns (pteridophytes)
• Seed plants: gymnosperms and angiosperms |
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Term
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Definition
• Don’t have roots, stems, leaves to transport water and carbohydrates
• Mostly need to live in water so they can be sustained by diffusion and osmosis
• Bryophytes live on land (Mosses) |
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Term
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Definition
| • Seedless vascular plants, largely ferns |
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Term
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Definition
• Nonflowering
• Vascular plants with seeds—usually use cones
• Evergreen trees |
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Term
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Definition
• Most highly evolved of the plants
• Flowering, have seeds, vascular
• About 90% of plants
• Monocot and dicot |
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Term
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Definition
• Sepals—little leaf-like things under petals
• Petals
• Stamens, look like little antennae, male reproductive part
• Carpel/pistil in the very middle, female reproductive part |
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Term
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Definition
• Angiosperm with one seed leaf
• Parallel veins in leaves (grasses, palms)
• One cotyledon |
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Term
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Definition
• Angiosperm with two seed leaf
• Leaves with network of veins (trees, shrubs)
• Two cotyledons |
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Term
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Definition
| • “Seed” leaves—first leaves of new plant |
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Term
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Definition
• Invertebrates and vertebrates (mostly invertebrates)
• Porifera Cnidaria Platyhelminthes nematoda mollusca annelida arthropoda Echinodermata Chordata |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
Jellyfish
Polyp: stationary
Medusa: move
Named for cnidocytes (stinger things) |
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Term
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Definition
Flatworms
Super simple bilateral bodies
Planarian: free-living
Tapeworm and fluke: parasitic |
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Term
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Definition
Roundworms/Nematodes
First with a body cavity, have more mobility
Trichinella spiralis is BAD |
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Term
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Definition
Mollusks
First with a legit digestive system
Gastropod: slugs, snails
Bivalve: clams, oysters, mussels, scallops
Cephalood: octupus, squid, mobile |
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Term
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Definition
Segmented worms
Earthworm
Polychaete
Leech |
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Term
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Definition
Most diverse phylum of animalia
Arachnid: spiders and stuff
Crustacean: lobsters and stuff, aquatic
Millipedes/centipedes |
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Term
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Definition
Starfish
First with endoskeleton |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Alternation of Generations |
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Definition
• Life cycle of most plants
• Sporophyte and gametophyte generations--both multicellular
• Fertilization zygote sporophyte meiosis spores gametophyte gametes |
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