Term
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Definition
- Process by which sugars are added to protein (or lipid)
- two kinds N versus O linked |
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Term
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Definition
| Naturally occuring compounds of the chemical formula (C)n (H2O)n |
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Term
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Definition
| Simple 5 or 6 ring sugar (gluc, galac, mann) |
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Term
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Definition
| Sugar polymer (3-15 residues) |
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Term
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Definition
| Sugar Polymer (10-100 residues) |
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Term
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Definition
- Enzyme that adds sugar (transfer from sugar nuceotide to protein/lipid)
- Specific for Donor sugar, acceptor, AND type of linkage |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- Shock absorbers (proteoglycans)
- Proper folding (Glc in ER)
- Protect from degradation (fibronectin, erythropoietin, platelets)
- Cell-cell recognition (CAMs on WBC)
- Targetting (mannose 6-phosphate on lysosomal enzymes) |
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Term
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Definition
| topologically outside the cell |
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Term
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Definition
- Sugar added one at a time
- Post-translational addition
- Added to OH group of protein (ser/thr/hydroxylysine) |
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Term
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Definition
- O-linked glycosylation
- Located in trans golgi |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- Large aggregates of carbs and proteins
- Found in ECM and structural tissues like cartilage; gives viscosity and elasticity
- High carb/protein ratio
- Consists of core protein with many O-linked (-) GAG chains |
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Term
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Definition
- Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs)
- Repeating disaccharide containing an acid sugar (Glucuronic or iduronic acid) and an amino sugar (GlcNAc or GalNAc)
- Often sulfated
- Negative charge attacks Na+ and H2O
- Charge stretches protein out and associates lots of Na and H2O providing cushioning |
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Term
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Definition
- RBC have A antigen
- Has GalNAc attached to galactose |
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Term
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Definition
- RBC have B antigen on surface
- Has Gal attached to O-antigen |
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Term
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Definition
- Accepts A and O
- Anti-B serum |
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Term
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Definition
- Abodies to A
- Receive B and O |
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Term
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Definition
- No antibodies
- Receieve any
- Universal acceptor |
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Term
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Definition
- Antibodies to A and B
- Can only receive O
- Universal donor |
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Term
| Glycosylation and Immune defense |
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Definition
- Cells in cleft secrete mucins with terminal a-GlcNAc
- Prevent H. plyori growth by inhib cell wall synth |
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Term
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Definition
- Colonize gut surface
- Feed on Le^b antigen secreted by surface fastric mucosal cells |
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Term
| H. Pylori Adaptive mechanism |
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Definition
- Encodes cholesterol-a-glucosyltransferase
- Hides necessary cholesterol from immune detection of macrophages and T cells |
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Term
| Accumulation of __________ faciliatates _________ |
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Definition
cholesterol in bacterial membrane
and
uptake and killing of bacteria by macrophage and T cells |
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Term
| N-linked Addition of Oligosaccharides |
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Definition
- Begins in rough ER by transfer en bloc of 14 residue complex from lipid intermediate
- Occurs co-translationally
- Consensus sequence Asn-X-Ser/Thr |
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Term
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Definition
- N-linked Oligo sach addition
- Asn-X-Ser/Thr |
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Term
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Definition
| - 2 GlcNAc, 9 Mannose, 3 Glucose |
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Term
| Oligosacchryl Transferase |
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Definition
| Transfers oligo to PP chain |
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Term
| N-linked oligo processing |
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Definition
- Processing enzymes are compartmentalized in golgi cisternae
- Flow through the golgi is unidirectional (if some cleavage doesnt occur and protein advances, then that is not fixed)
- Processing occurs one residue at a time from exposed end |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- Remove 1 glucose at a time (first 2 easy, last 1 serves signaling role)
- Remove Mannose
- Send to cis golgi |
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Term
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Definition
- Calnexin recognizes unfolded protein with 1 glocuse on N linked oligo
- Proper folding allows removal of final glucose and exit from ER
- Improper folding has glucose readed and reporcessed by calnexin |
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Term
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Definition
- Cis Golgi Network
- Phosphorylation of ologos on lysosomal proteins |
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Term
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Definition
- Member of Golgi stack
- removal of Man |
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Term
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Definition
- Member of golgi stack
- Removal of Man
- add GlcNAc |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- Trans golgi network
- Sulfation of tyrosine and carbs |
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Term
| Recognition Marker on Lysosomal Enzyme |
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Definition
- Mannose 6-phosphate
- N-linked
- Two step reaction: (i) GlcNAc phospho-transferase adds GlcNAc-P to terminal residue in cis-goldie and (ii) GlacNac phosphodiesterase removes GlcNac later
- UDP-GlcNAc |
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Term
| How does GlcNacphophotransferase recognize lysosomal enzymes? |
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Definition
| - signal patch based on 3d structure |
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Term
| Lysosomal storage disease |
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Definition
| - Lysosomal Enzymes arent tagged in golgi so dont make it there |
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Term
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Definition
| - Platelets are glycosolated with NANA and Galactose |
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