Term
| Types of Biological Information? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Encoded by DNA, serves as storage |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Role of DNA in Information Flow |
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Definition
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Term
| Role of RNA in Information Flow |
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Definition
Transfers/Decodes and Amplifies information from DNA to proteins
mRNA; carries information encoded in codons
tRNA; deciphers the code and delivers the specified amino acid
rRNA; associates with proteins to form ribosomes for protein synthesis |
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Term
| Role of Proteins in Information Flow |
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Definition
| Carry functional information |
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Term
| Common features of Nucleic acids and Proteins (5 things in particular) |
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Definition
1) Unbranched Polymers
2) Made of monomeric units
3) Monomers added one at a time
4) Have starting and end points; Amino and Carboxyl for Proteins and 5'and 3' for Nucleic acids
5) Primary synthetic product is often modified |
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Term
| DNA's functional unit, monomer and informational subunit |
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Definition
| Gene, Deoxyribonucleotide, Nucleotide |
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Term
| RNA's functional unit, monomer and informational subunit |
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Definition
Messenger RNA
Ribonucleotide
Codon |
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Term
| Polypeptide's functional unity, monomer and informational subunit? |
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Definition
Protein
Amino Acid
Amino Acid |
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Term
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Definition
1) rules that translate RNA bases to amino acid sequence
2) Is universal
3) Is read in consecutive groups of 3
4) Is degenerate
5) Codons that encode the same amino acid differ only in last base
6) Reading frame specified by start sequence |
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Term
| How does tRNA find its corresponding AA? |
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Definition
| One of 20 different synthases called Aminoacyl-tRNA synthases covalently couple the appropriate amino acid and tRNA |
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Term
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Definition
1) Decodes RNA message
2) Consists of 50 different proteins
3) Millions of ribosomes in eukaryotes |
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Term
| Ribosomal structure and function |
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Definition
1) Incoming aminoacyl-tRNA binds to A site
2) A peptide bond forms between the new A-site amino acid and the P-site amino acid
2) The bond between the tRNA in the p-site and it's amino acid breaks and a new bond forms between the p-site amino acid and the amino acid at the a-site
3) The large subunit slides so that the empty p-site TNA is moved to the E or exit site and the previously a-site aminoacly-TRNA is move to the Psite.
4) During this the small subunit which is bound to the MRNA does not move |
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Term
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Definition
1) Few genes; about 28% transcribed and only 1.1-1.4% make proteins
2) Large chunks of parstic/junk DNA
3) large average gene size; 27k nucleotide pairs, large introns
4) large regulatory regions |
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