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8.14 Mrs Jensen
Carbon Chemistry
13
Science
8th Grade
11/11/2011

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Term
organic compound
Definition
compound that contains carbon
Term
hydrocarbon
Definition
compound that contains only carbon and hydrogen atoms
Term
saturated hydrocarbon
Definition
hydrocarbon with only single bonds
Term
unsaturated hydrocarbon
Definition
hydrocarbon that has one or more double or triple bonds
Term
isomers
Definition
compounds with the same chemical formulas but different structures and different chemical and physical properties
Term
hydroxyl group
Definition
consists of one oxygen atom and one hydrogen atom joined by a covalent bond
Term
carboxyl group
Definition
consists of one carbon atom, two oxygen atoms, and one hydrogen atom
Term
amino group
Definition
consists of a nitrogen atom joined by covalent bonds to two hydrogen atoms
Term
amino acid
Definition
building block of protein
Term
polymer
Definition
large natural or synthetic molecule made of many small organic molecules that link together to form a long chain
Term
protein
Definition
polymer made of individual amino acids linked together in a chain
Term
carbohydrates
Definition
energy-supplying organic compounds that are broken down into simple sugars in the body
Term
lipids
Definition
energy-supplying and energy-storing organic compounds composed of three long-chain carboxylic acids bonded to glycerol
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