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| A way to represent elevation on a flat map is by using ____________. |
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| Distance in degrees east or west of the prime meridian is called ____________. |
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| Height above or below sea level is __________. |
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| The difference from one contour line to the next is the contour _________. |
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| Patterns formed by groups of stars are called _________. |
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| Each stage in the cycle of the moon results in the ________ of the moon. |
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| The large, dark area of the moon are called _________. |
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| Depressions on the moon caused by meteorites are _________. |
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| The sun appears to rise in the _______ and set in the _________. |
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| The sun appears to move in the sky because Earth is __________. |
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| Many constellations were named for people or ________. |
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| Sailors use the constellations for __________. |
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| Light travels in _________ lines. |
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| When an object ___________ light, a shadow is formed. |
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| Light can travel from the sun to Earth in about __________ minutes. |
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| The speed of light is _______ than the speed of sound. |
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| Objects that reflect or absorb light but do not allow light to pass through them are _________. |
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| A _______ glass candle holder allows enough light through so you can see clearly what's on the other side of the glass. |
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| How many colors are in the spectrum? |
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| A tissue that is sensitive to light and can detect all kinds of colors and shapes is the ________. |
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| Rods and cones are the nerve cells that send information to your brain through the ________. |
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| The muscles that control the size of the pupil according to the amount of light available is the _______. |
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| Light with a blue filter produces blue light because the filter absorbs ________. |
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| When you mix all the colors of light, you get _______. |
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| In your eyes, which cone does not respond to yellow? |
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| Rods are helpful for _______. |
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| _________ is not a primary pigment. |
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| What color will you get if you mix the pigments magenta and cyan? |
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| What color will you get if you mix all the pigments together? |
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| surface land features; three common landforms are low, mostly flat coastal and interior plains; raised, rather flat plateaus; and craggy or rounded mountains. |
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| height above sea level or depth below sea level; on a topographic map, elevation describes the shape of an area by telling us how high or low specific landforms are. |
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| angular distance east and west of the prime meridian; lines of longitude measure distance in degrees. The prime meridian are located from 0. |
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| ________ are receptors that are sensitive to light and dark. |
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| _______ are receptors that are sensitive to all the colors in the visible spectrum of light. |
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| _________ are light-sensitive structures in the retina that allow you to respond to color and light changes; also called rods and cones. |
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| light-sensitive tissue in the back of the eye; receives light from the lens; contains rods and cones, which send messages through the optic nerve to the brain, resulting in image formation. |
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| light-detecting nerve cells in the retina of the eye; respond to dim light, resulting in black-and-white images. |
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| bouncing back of light from a surface; most things are visible because light bounce off objects and is reflected back to your eyes; smooth surfaces produce regular reflections, and rough surfaces produce diffuse reflections |
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| a tissue that is sensitive to light |
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| responds to changes in light and color |
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| area of bunched up air particles created by an object's vibrations, which push the air particles in front of its movements closer together |
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| area of spread out air particles, created by an object's vibrations, that occurs opposite an area of compression and rarefaction traveling through a medium |
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| any sound conducting liquid, solid, or gas |
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| number of times an object vibrates in 1 second |
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| unit that measures frequency of 1 vibration/second or 1 cycle/second |
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| the highness or lowness of a sound |
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| Explain how a vibrating object that is some distance away from you causes your eardrums to vibrate. |
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| It creates a pattern of compression and rarefaction in the particles in the air which is carried to your ears |
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| Why can you identify different musical instruments just by listening, even when they are playing the same pitch? |
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Definition
| Instruments have different sound qualities depending on their shape, size, and material. |
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| All sounds are produced by _______________. |
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| ________ is made up of particles so tiny you cannot see them. |
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| __________ produce sound by creating patterns of compression and rarefaction. |
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| Your ears give you _________ about things you can't see. |
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| The number of times an object moves back and forth in one second is one way to keep track of an object's _________. |
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| Your ears recognize differences in sound frequencies as differences in _________. |
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| Both music and noise are ________. |
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| __________ are visual records of sounds vibrations. |
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| Objects that create noise in contrast to music, produce __________________. |
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| The type of material from which an object is made and the object's shape also affect the frequency of which an object ___________. |
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| ___________ produce the lowest notes while _________ produce higher notes. |
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| lower pipes, shorter pipes |
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| A _________ vibrating alone sets some particles of air in motion. |
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| What must you know in order to determine the frequency or pitch of a sound source? |
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Definition
| How many times the sound source vibrates determines the frequency or pitch. |
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| What creates the pattern of sound that travels to your ears when and object vibrates? |
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Definition
| compression and rarefaction |
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| In what unit is frequency measures? |
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| How does sound travel in air compared to water? |
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| faster in water than in air |
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