Term
| Earth's movement around the sun is called _______. |
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| Earth's spinning on it's axis is called _______. |
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| In the Northern Hemisphere, the summer _______ occures on June 21 or 22, when the North Pole is tilted. |
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| What causes the changes in the seasons? |
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| At the time of an equinox, the sun is directly over what point on Earth? |
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| What causes the moon's phases? |
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Definition
| They are do the changes in the position of the moons lighter side. |
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| When do the highest tides of the month occur? |
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Definition
| When the moon, sun, and Earth are lined up. |
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| measure of the distance from the top of a crest to the middle level |
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| occurs when two or more waves cross at one point and their crests and troughs add or subtract |
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| low point or valley of a wave |
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| molton rock deep beneath Earth's surface that rises slowly through cracks |
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| measure of an earthquake's strength on the richter scale |
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| giant wave that may travel thousands of kilometers in all directions as quickly as a jet plane, reach heights of over 50km, and cause destruction in coastal areas |
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| occurs twice yearly when the sun is directly above the equator, with the result that day and night are the same lenght all over the world in the northern hemisphere |
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| occurs twice a year when the sun is directly over the northern most edges of the tropics in the northern hemisphere |
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| slow moving water waves with long wavelengths that produce the alternate rise, or high tides |
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| three dimensional round object wuch as a volleyball or basketball |
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Term
| Explain what causes earthquakes. |
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| Describe how people can control damage done by earthquakes. |
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Definition
| They can design and construct buildings that can stand many earthquakes and they can build these structures on solid ground. |
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Term
| How can the strength of an earthquake be determined? |
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Definition
| by recording and measuring its vibrations |
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Term
| Describe two kinds of volcanic eruptions. |
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Definition
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| What damage is done from volcanoes? |
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Definition
| death, destruction, and bad air pollution |
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Term
| When do the highest tides of the month occur? |
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Definition
| When the moon and sun line up |
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Term
| What kind of wave vibrates in the same direction as it travels? |
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Definition
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Term
| What kind of wave travels through matter? |
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Definition
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| What is the matter through which a wave moves? |
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| What are the names for the bunching up and spreading out of air that carries a sound wave? |
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Definition
| compressions and rarefactons |
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Term
| What kind of wave travels at right angles to the direction of the disturbance? |
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| What kind of wave is produced by earthquakes? |
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| can damage the human eardrum and result in permanent loss of hearing |
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| absorbs noises and reflects noises |
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| emerge on the other side unchanged and two waves can exist in the same place |
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| two or more waves added together and the new wave is the sum of the amplitudes |
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Definition
| constructive interference |
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Term
| the addition of a crest and trough and can cause a smooth area in wavy water |
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| used in detecting speeding motorists |
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| the number of compressions of a sound wave that pass by a certain point each second |
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| distance from one compression to the next compression |
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| can be caused by excessive exposure to either high or low frequency sound waves |
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| a change in frequency due to a moving sound source or moving receiver |
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Definition
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Term
| how the ear recognizes frequency |
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Term
| Most ______ are so weak that people don't notice them. |
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| The _____ the origin of an earthquake to an inhabited area, the greater the destruction. |
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| Earthquakes vibrate _________, causing structures to collapse. |
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| Fire is a hazard because natural gas lines are often split open by an earthquake, and sparks may ignite the ______. |
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| A huge, rapidly moving water wave, caused by an earthquake under the ocean floor, is called a _____. |
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| __________ can block sunlight, which can lower temperature and affect weather. |
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Term
| Currently, _________ volcanoes on Earth are classified as active. |
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| Herculaneum and _______ were the two cities that were buried by the eruption of Mount Vesuvius in the year 79. |
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| _______ violently erupted, releasing 6 million times more energy than an atomic bomb. |
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| Currently, the most active volcano in the world is _________. |
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| Tsunamis can travel at speeds of more than _____ kilometeres per hour. |
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| A tsunami wave will get taller as the wave reaches ______ water. |
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| The _____ of Earth causes the change in seasons. |
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Term
| Earth's path around the sun is in the shape of an ______. |
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Term
| Earth is farthest from the sun in ______ and closest to the sun in ________. |
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Term
| The half of Earth tilting toward the sun receives sunlight for _____ hours each day. |
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| Earth is _______ shaped, but bulges slightly at the equator and is somewhat flattened at the poles. |
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Term
| Earth rotates once every 24 hours around an imaginary line, called Earth's ______. |
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| A complete ______ around the sun takes about 365 1/4 days. |
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| When the sun reaches an ______, night and day are the same length all over the world. |
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