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6.15 Mrs. Jensen
The Structure of Organisms
20
Science
6th Grade
01/05/2012

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Term
compound light microscope
Definition
magnifies by allowing light to pass through an object and then through two or more lenses
Term
electron microscope
Definition
bends beams of electrons in a magnetic field and can magnify images up to one million times or more
Term
cell theory
Definition
states that the cell is the basic unit of life, organisms are composed of one or more cells and all cells come from other cells
Term
cell membrane
Definition
structure that allows only certain things to pass into and out of the cell and forms the outer boundary of the cell
Term
nucleus
Definition
eukaryotic organelle that directs all the activities of the cell and is surrounded by a double membrane
Term
chromatin
Definition
long strands of hereditary material within the cell nucleus that are made up of proteins and DNA
Term
cytoplasm
Definition
constantly moving, gelatin-like mixture inside the cell membrane that contains structures that carry out lie processes of the cell
Term
organelle
Definition
structure within the cytoplasm of a eukaryotic cell having a specific function or functions
Term
endoplasmic reticulum
Definition
complex series of folded membranes in the cell cytoplasm that is involved in moving cellular products
Term
ribosomes
Definition
small, two-part organelles on which cells make their own proteins
Term
Golgi body
Definition
stacks of membrane-covered sacs that package materials and move them to the outside of the cell
Term
mitochondria
Definition
eukaryotic cell organelles where food molecules are broken down and energy is released
Term
lysosome
Definition
eukaryotic cell organelle that contains digestive chemicals that break down food molecules, cell wastes and worn-out cell parts
Term
cell wall
Definition
rigid structure that supports and protects the plant cell and is made moslty of bundles of cellulose fibers
Term
chloroplast
Definition
green, chlorophyll-containing organelle in the cytoplasm of many plant cells, where plants make their own food
Term
tissue
Definition
group of similar cells that work together to do one job
Term
organ
Definition
structure made up of different types of tissues that work together to do a certain job
Term
virus
Definition
nonliving structure that consists of a core of hereditary material surrounded by a protein coat
Term
host cell
Definition
cell in which a virus reproduces
Term
vaccine
Definition
preparation made from damaged virus particles that are no longer able to cause disease and that can prevent some viral disease such as polio and measles
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