Term
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Definition
| an altered state of consciousness in Which the individual's perception of and reaction to the environment are decreased. |
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Term
| Characterized b y minimal physical activity, varible levels of consciousness, and alterations in physiologic process |
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Definition
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Term
c. When sleep and wake cycles coincide with inactive and active periods of physiologic and psychological biorythms
-- Start about 3rd week of life. |
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Definition
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Term
a. Restores normal levels of activity and normal balance among parts of the nervous system
b. Necessary for protein synthesis, which allows repair process to occur
c. Rhythm is more important that amount of hours slept |
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Definition
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Term
a. Most sleep is _______
b.______ is deep restful sleep and brings a decrease in physio. Funct.
Decreased blood pressure
Decreased pulse rate
Dilation of peripheral blood |
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Definition
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Term
a. Light sleep, few minutes
b. Relaxed and drowsy
c. Eyes roll from side to side
d. HR and RR drop slightly
e. Sleeper can be easily reawakened. 4-5% of sleep time. |
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Definition
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Term
a. Lightly asleep
b. Body processes continue to slow down
c. Eyes are still, HR and RR rate decrease slightly, T fall.
d. Lasts 10-15 minutes
e. 40-45% of time. |
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Definition
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Term
a. Medium depth
b. Less easily awakened
c. Further slowing of HR, BP, RR due to parasympathetic nerv. Sys.
d. Skeletal muscles are very relaxed. |
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Definition
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Term
a. Deep sleep (delta sleep)
b. HR, RR 20-30% below normal.
c. Movement is rare, muscles completely relaxed.
d. Difficult to arouse
e. Eyes roll, some dreaming occur
f. 30-40 minutes after falling asleep 12-15% of time. |
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Definition
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Term
a. 25% of sleep
b. Recurs q 90min 5-30
c. Not as restufl as NREM sleep
d. Brain highly active
e. Dreaming occurs |
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Definition
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Term
i. 16-18 hrs divided into 7 sleep periods
ii. 50% of sleep is REM |
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Definition
| New born sleep requirements |
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Term
i. 14 hours
ii. 20-30% REM |
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Definition
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Term
i. 10-12 per day
ii. 20-30 rem
iii. Midmorning nap decreases |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
i. 8-10 hours per night
ii. 20% rem
iii. Later in morning w/ afternoon nap |
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Definition
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Term
i. 6 hrs
ii. 20-25%
iii. Stage 4 markedly absent. Awake often and takes longer to get back to sleep.
Less restorative |
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Definition
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Term
i. Illness, age, environment, fatigue, lifestyle, emotional stress, alcohol, stimulants, diet, smoking, motivation, medications
ii. Medications - some can cause nightmares, etc. |
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Definition
| Factors affecting normal sleep patterns |
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Term
a. Inability to obtain an adequate amou nt or quality of sleep
i. Initial
ii. Intermittent
iii. Terminal
iv. Subjective
b. Caused by phys. Discomfort, anxiety, withdrawal from drugs.
c. TX - sleep diary to see environmental
i. Pills don’t directly help insomnia.
ii. Bed time constant. Avoid or limit napping in the daytime.
< 30 mins.
iii. Exercise. But not to close to bed time.
iv. Block sunlight when days are longer.
v. Hot bath.
vi. Avoiding alco. Nicotine, caffeine |
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Definition
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Term
| Drugs that cause insomnia |
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Definition
a. Anti-hypertensives
b. Central nervous system stimulants
c. Decongestants - can stimulate cns
d. Hormones - corticosteroids
e. Psychotropics - SSRIs
f. Respiratory medications |
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Term
a. Sudden wave of overwhelming sleepiness that occurs during the day
b. Tetrad of symptoms
i. Cataplexy - momentary paralysis
ii. Sudden sleep attacks
iii. Sleep paralysis
iv. Hypnagogic phenomena - Vivid dream while awake in middle of the day
c. TX - tricyclics, stimulants, regular naps. Pro-vigil |
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Definition
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Term
a. Periodic cessation of breathing during sleep
b. Symptoms -- loud snoring, frequent night waking, excessive daytime sleepiness, insomnia, morning headaches, intellectual deterioration, irritability or other personality changes. Physiologic changes such as hypertension and cardiac arrhythmia
c. Risk: MEN OVER 50 |
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Definition
a. Periodic cessation of breathing during sleep
b. Symptoms -- loud snoring, frequent night waking, excessive daytime sleepiness, insomnia, morning headaches, intellectual deterioration, irritability or other personality changes. Physiologic changes such as hypertension and cardiac arrhythmia
c. MEN OVER 50 |
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Term
a. Occurs when pharynx or oral cavity blocks the flow of air; effor to breathe is maintained
b. Pickwickian syndrome
i. Obesity causes over growth in pharynx. Upper airway obstruction
c. Central apnea - occurs when lacking signals from CNS. |
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Definition
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Term
a. Continuous positive flow
b. Pharmacotherapy
i. Not recommended
ii. Daytime sleepiness - Modafinil
iii. Associated with rhinitis - nasal sprays contaning steroids
iv. Hypnotics may enhance tolerance to CPAP |
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Definition
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Term
a. Creeping crawling or tingling sensations in the legs that result in irresistible leg movemtns
b. TX
i. Anti anxiety
ii. Benzos
iii. Muscles relaxers
iv. Dopamine agonists. |
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Definition
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Term
a. Prolonged sleep distrubances
b. S&S:
i. Daytime sleepiness
ii. Disoriented
iii. Slurred speech
iv. Impaired cog. Funct.
v. Irritability
vi. Somatic complaints
vii. General malaise |
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Definition
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Term
| waking behavior that occurs when sleeping |
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Definition
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Term
i. 1-8 hrs after falling asleep
ii. Children > adults
iii. 3-4 minutes
iv. Usually outgrown
v. May require meds. If occurs during adulthood
vi. Eyes can remain open, walking, driving, etc. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
grinding/clenching of teeth
Stage two NREM |
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Definition
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Term
i. Sudden arousal
ii. Occur during stage 4 NREM
iii. Appear to be awake
iv. May last 10-30 minutes
v. Not nightmares |
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Definition
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Term
bed wetting
i. Most incidents occur during NREM sleep
ii. Most children outgrow it. To DX it must be more than 2x a month |
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Definition
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Term
| things to remember when assisting a person to sleep well |
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Definition
a. Initial assessment
i. Sleep history
b. The hospital Environment
i. Fear/anxiety
ii. Bed uncomfortable
iii. Meds interfere with sleep
iv. Procedures for patient or roomate
v. Prep for procedure could keep awake
vi. Pain d/t injury illness |
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