Term
| What approach is recommended for the start of an interview? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| In what part of the history does drug and alcohol use belong? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What tool is useful in assessing alcohol consumption? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What is an appropriate response to a report of abdominal pain? |
|
Definition
| "Can you point to where it hurts?" |
|
|
Term
| Mental illness is included in family history. T/F |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How can an NP minimize changes in body position during the exam? |
|
Definition
| assess by body region, not system |
|
|
Term
| What are some things to inspect while greeting the patient? |
|
Definition
distress
mobility
posture
build
deformities
dress & grooming
skin
facial expression
alertness
eye contact
sensory: speech,hearing, vision |
|
|
Term
| How can an NP assess a child's musculoskeletal and neurological systems? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| When should height and weight be measured? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What body part should be assessed first in a child's exam? What position should he/she be in? |
|
Definition
hands
seated on parent's lap |
|
|
Term
| What are ways to distract a child and reduce his/her anxiety? |
|
Definition
ask about his/her experiences
explain what is going to happen next in the exam |
|
|
Term
| How should instructions be given to a child in the exam? |
|
Definition
| polite, simple; not questions asking permission |
|
|
Term
| How might a child crying affect percussion of the abdomen? |
|
Definition
| increased tympany bc swallowed air |
|
|
Term
| What is a way to adjust palpation of the abdomen in a ticklish child? |
|
Definition
| use part of child's own hand to palpate |
|
|
Term
| In what position should the child be for the abdominal inspection? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| During which parts of the exam might the parent have to hold the child's head still? |
|
Definition
eye (extraocular movements)
ear |
|
|
Term
| What should be saved for the end of the pediatric exam? What are some alternatives? |
|
Definition
tongue blade
"ahh" or panting like a dog |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a brief statement of the reason why pt is seeking care |
|
|
Term
| history of present illness (HPI) |
|
Definition
| an in-depth evaluation of the chief complaint, beginning with the time the pt first noticed the symptom and moving toward the present |
|
|
Term
| past medical history (PMH) |
|
Definition
| pt's state of health overall before the present problem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the age (or age of death) and health of spouse, children, siblings, parents, and grandparents to identify a pattern of health risk for the pt |
|
|
Term
| personal and social history (SH) |
|
Definition
| work, marriage, sexual, and spiritual experiences; use of alcohol, drugs, and TOB |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| section of health history in which the examiner asks about possible complaints for each body system |
|
|
Term
| What are some ethical considerations in pt-NP relationship? |
|
Definition
nonmaleficence
utilitarianism
beneficence
autonomy
fairness and justice
deontologic imperatives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ethical principle to "do no harm" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ethical principle to do the greatest good for the greatest number (individual vs. community) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ethical principle to "do good" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ethical principle of self-determination |
|
|
Term
| What body systems should be included in the ROS with a CC of fatigue? |
|
Definition
general
skin
chest
cardiovascular
hematologic
diet
endocrine |
|
|
Term
| How should the NP respond to pt seduction? |
|
Definition
| courteous, calm, firm, direct |
|
|
Term
| How should the NP respond to pt depression? |
|
Definition
| question gently to explore the topic |
|
|
Term
| How should the NP respond to pt anxiety? |
|
Definition
| proceed at a calm pace; avoid becoming anxious him/herself |
|
|
Term
| How should the NP respond to pt excessive flattery? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| How should the NP respond to pt financial concerns? |
|
Definition
| prepare to talk about the issue |
|
|
Term
| What % of pts interviewed have a sexual orientation other than heterosexual? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Which type of questionnaire concerning drug/alcohol use is advocated, but not clinically validated, for adolescent pts? |
|
Definition
| CRAFFT (car, relax, alone, forget, friends, trouble) |
|
|
Term
| What is the best way to question a pt about a sensitive issue? |
|
Definition
| direct, firm, to the point |
|
|
Term
| Why should NPs identify and assess their own feelings, such as hostility and prejudice? |
|
Definition
| reduce communication barriers |
|
|
Term
| What is the best way to continue the interview after being asked a personal question? |
|
Definition
| answer briefly then refocus on the pt |
|
|
Term
| comprehensive health history and physical examination |
|
Definition
| record that must include all data, both (+) and (-), that contribute to the assessment |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pt seeks care for an acute problem |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
a list of interventions based on each problem in the problem list, divided into 3 categories:
-diagnosis
-treatment
-pt education |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a running log of problem number, date of onset, description of problem, and date the problem was resolved |
|
|
Term
| problem oriented medical record (POMR) |
|
Definition
| format for recording health history and physical examination findings by documenting the problem assessment process |
|
|
Term
| How is a family history of a condition documented in the problem list? |
|
Definition
| "family history of X; ongoing" |
|
|
Term
| What characteristics should be documented when examining an organ, mass, or lesion? |
|
Definition
location
size
texture/consistency
shape
mobility
tenderness
induration
heat
color
bleeding
discharge
scarring |
|
|
Term
| When should diagnostic studies be considered? |
|
Definition
diagnosis in doubt after history and physical
establish the severity of the condition
rule out conditions included in the early differential diagnosis |
|
|
Term
| What are considerations in selecting a diagnostic study? |
|
Definition
sensitivity
specificity
degree of invasiveness |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pretest probability x likelihood ratio |
|
|
Term
| What is the Bayesian process? |
|
Definition
| using the pretest probability and likelihood ratio to determine the probability that a certain condition exists |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| based on evidence from a population with a specific condition, the prevalence of that condition in that population, OR the probability that the pt has that condition on the basis of those findings |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| probability that a positive test result indicates the disease, and that a negative result indicates the absence of the disease |
|
|
Term
| What does a likelihood ratio above 1.0 mean? |
|
Definition
| a positive result is associated with the disease |
|
|
Term
| What does a likelihood ratio less than 1.0 mean? |
|
Definition
| a negative result is associated with the absence of the disease |
|
|
Term
| What does a likelihood of approximately 1.0 mean? |
|
Definition
| weak evidence to identify pts with or without the disease |
|
|
Term
| What should accompany decision trees, diagnostic rules, and guidelines? |
|
Definition
description of supporting evidence
description of situations in which they should be applied |
|
|
Term
| What 3 questions can be used to screen for domestic violence? |
|
Definition
-Have you been hit, kicked, punched, or otherwise hurt by someone within the past year? (physical violence)
-Do you feel safe in your current relationship? (perception of safety)
-Is there a partner from a previous relationship who is making you feel unsafe now? (perception of safety) |
|
|
Term
| What is the FICA assessment of spirituality? |
|
Definition
-Faith, belief, meaning
-Importance/Influence
-Community
-Address/Action in care |
|
|
Term
| What are components of a complete HPI? |
|
Definition
-chronology of events
-state of health before presenting problem
-description of 1st symptoms
-possible exposures
-description of typical attack (OLDCARTS)
-impact of illness on lifestyle
-immediate reason that prompted seeking care
-appropriate system review
-medications
-complementary, alternative therapies
-review of events
-summary of problems with numbers and titles, in order of importance |
|
|
Term
| What are components of a past medical history (PMH)? |
|
Definition
-general health and strength
-childhood illnesses
-major adult illnesses
-immunizations
-surgery
-disability
-medications
-allergies and reaction type
-transfusions
-recent screening tests
-emotional status |
|
|
Term
| What childhood illnesses should be asked about in a PMH? |
|
Definition
2M-2P-2pox-2fever-D
-measles
-mumps
-pertussis (whooping cough)
-poliomyelitis
-chicken pox
-smallpox
-scarlet fever
-acute rheumatic fever
-diptheria |
|
|
Term
| What major adult illnesses should be asked about in a PMH? |
|
Definition
-TB
-hepatitis
-DM
-MI
-tropical or parasitic dz
-other infections
-non-surgical hospital admissions |
|
|
Term
| What questions about surgeries should be asked in a PMH? |
|
Definition
-dates
-hospital
-diagnosis
-complications |
|
|
Term
| What questions about medications should be asked in a PMH? |
|
Definition
-past
-current
-recent
-dosage
-home remedies
-non-prescription |
|
|
Term
| What questions about allergies should be asked in a PMH? |
|
Definition
-medications
-environmental allergens (including latex)
-foods |
|
|
Term
| What questions about transfusions should be asked in a PMH? |
|
Definition
-reactions and type
-date
-number of units |
|
|
Term
| What screening tests should be asked about in a PMH? |
|
Definition
women:
-Pap smear
-mammogram
men:
-prostate specific antigen (PSA)
all:
-cholesterol
-colonoscopy |
|
|
Term
| What are components of a family history (FH)? |
|
Definition
-3-generation pedigree
-diseases
-age and outcome of illness
-ethnic and racial background |
|
|
Term
| What diseases should be asked about it a family history (FH)? |
|
Definition
-heart disease
-HTN
-CA (multiple, bilateral, more than once, at a young age)
-TB
-CVA
-sickle cell disease
-CF
-epilepsy
-DM
-gout
-kidney disease
-thyroid disease
-asthma
-allergic conditions
-arthritis
-blood diseases
-STIs
-hearing, vision, or other sensory problems |
|
|
Term
| What are components of a Personal and Social History (SH)? |
|
Definition
-personal status
-habits
-self-care
-sexual history
-home conditions
-occupation
-environment
-military record
-religion and culture
-access to care |
|
|
Term
| What is included under "personal status" in SH? |
|
Definition
-birthplace
-where grew up
-home environment as a youth
-education
-position in family
-marital status
-life satisfaction
-hobbies and interests
-sources of stress |
|
|
Term
| What is included under "habits" in SH? |
|
Definition
-nutrition
-sleep
-caffeine
-ETOH
-TOB
-street drugs |
|
|
Term
| What is included under "self-care" in SH? |
|
Definition
-self-exams (breast, testicular)
-home, natural, complementary, alternative remedies
-exercise (quantity and type) |
|
|
Term
| What is included under "sexual history" in SH? |
|
Definition
-concerns about feelings and performance
-frequency
-ability to achieve orgasm
-number and variety of partners
-modes of birth control and/or STI protection |
|
|
Term
| What is included under "home conditions" in SH? |
|
Definition
-housing
-economic condition
-furnishings (carpeting, drapes, etc.)
-pets and their health |
|
|
Term
| What is included under "occupation" in SH? |
|
Definition
-present and usual work
-job changes, duration
-work conditions and hours
-physical or mental strain
-past and present exposures
-protective devices |
|
|
Term
| What is included under "environment" in SH? |
|
Definition
-travel
-exposure to contagious diseases
-residence in tropics
-water and milk supply |
|
|
Term
| What are components of a Review of Systems (ROS)? |
|
Definition
-general constitution
-skin, hair, nails
-head and neck
-lymph nodes
-chest and lungs
-breasts
-heart and blood vessels
-peripheral vasculature
-hematologic
-GI
-diet
-endocrine
-GU
-musculoskeletal
-neurologic
-psychiatric
female:
-menses
-pregnancies
male:
-puberty
-erections
-emissions
-testicular pain
-libido
-infertility |
|
|
Term
| At what age can children be considered dependable reporters of aspects of their health? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What additional information should be included in a child's chief complaint? |
|
Definition
| who is reporting the complaint and their relationship to the child |
|
|
Term
| What additional information should be included in a child's HPI? |
|
Definition
| degree and character of parent's and child's reaction to the problem |
|
|
Term
| What additional information should be included in a child's PMH? |
|
Definition
-mother's health during pregnancy
-childbirth
-neonatal period
-feeding
-development |
|
|
Term
| What additional information should be included in a child's FH? |
|
Definition
-age of parents at child's birth
-consanguineous parents
-maternal gestational history
-living siblings' statuses
-deceased siblings: date, age, cause of death, dates and durations of pregnancies |
|
|
Term
| What additional information should be included in a child's "personal status" under SH? |
|
Definition
-adjustment to childcare or school
-masturbation
-nail biting
-thumb sucking
-breath holding
-temper tantrums
-pica
-tics
-rituals
-bed wetting
-fecal soiling
-constipation
-playing with fire
-reactions to previous illnesses, injuries, or hospitalizations
-"a day in the life" |
|
|
Term
| What additional information should be included in a child's "family circumstances" under SH? |
|
Definition
-parents' occupations and education
-parents' marital status
-principal caretakers
-who prepares food
-adequacy of clothing
-use of relief or social agencies |
|
|
Term
| What additional information should be included in a child's "home setting" under SH? |
|
Definition
-number of rooms in home
-number of persons in home
-sleep habits and arrangements
-environmental hazards and precautions |
|
|
Term
| What additional information should be included in a child's ROS? |
|
Definition
-skin: eczema, seborrhea, cradle cap
-ears: otitis media (frequency, laterality)
-nose: snoring, mouth breathing, allergic reactions
-teeth: dental care
-GU: bedwetting |
|
|
Term
| What is a way to help an adolescent identify difficult topics? |
|
Definition
| box of cards with common topics |
|
|
Term
| What are some common topics/issues for adolescents? |
|
Definition
HEEEAADSS
-Home environment
-Education, employment
-Eating, exercise
-Emotional status/Affect
-Activities
-Ambitions
-Drugs
-Sexuality
-Safety |
|
|
Term
| What is a definition of "frail"? |
|
Definition
| needs help in 2+ activities of daily living |
|
|
Term
| What are words/phrases that may not be abbreviated in the medical record? |
|
Definition
-unit
-International Unit
-daily
-every other day
-morphine sulfate
-magnesium sulfate |
|
|
Term
| What are ways to describe the location of findings? |
|
Definition
-topographic and anatomic landmarks
-position on a clock |
|
|
Term
| What are examples of findings that use incremental grading (vary by degrees)? |
|
Definition
-pulse amplitude
-heart murmur intensity
-muscle strength
-deep tendon reflexes |
|
|
Term
| What are the components of the POMR? |
|
Definition
-CHH: comprehensive health history
-PE: physical exam
-problem list
-assessment and plan
-baseline and problem-directed studies
-progress notes |
|
|
Term
| What are some ways to prioritize problems? |
|
Definition
-gravity
-probability/possibility ratio
-likelihood of probabilities in a differential diagnosis
-availability and cost of needed resources
-chronology of appearance |
|
|
Term
| What are the sections of "plan" in a POMR? |
|
Definition
-diagnostics performed or ordered
-therapeutics and referrals with rationale
-patient education
-when to reassess |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Problems, Allergies, Medications
reviewed, reconciled, and updated at each visit |
|
|
Term
| What was Black et al.'s conclusion about the impact of eHealth on health care? |
|
Definition
-gap between postulated and demonstrated benefits
-lack of robust research
-need for future technologies to be measured against specific criteria |
|
|
