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| the rate at which velocity changes over time; an object accelerates if it's speed, direction, or both change. |
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| the maximum distance that the particles of a waves medium vibrate from their rest position |
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| the movement of matter due to differences in density that are caused by temperature variations; can result in the transfer of energy as heat |
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| the central part of earth below the mantle; also the center of the sun |
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| the highest point of a wave |
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| the thin and solid outermost layer of earth above the mantle |
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| a change in the direction of a wave when the wave finds an obstacle or an edge, such as an opening |
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| an observed change in the frequency of a wave when the source or observer is moving |
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| a quantity, usually expressed as a percentage, that measures the ratio of work output to work input |
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| an action exerted on a body in order to change the body's state of rest or motion; force has magnitude and direction |
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| the number of cycles or vibrations per unit of time; also the number of waves produced in a given amount of time |
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| a force that opposes motion between two surfaces that are in contact |
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| the combination of two or more waves that results in a single wave |
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| the energy of an object that is due to the objects motion |
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| the solid, outer layer of earth that consists of the crust and the rigid upper part of the mantle |
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| a wave in which the particles of the medium vibrate parallel to the the direction of wave motion |
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| in earth science, the layer of rock between earths crust and core |
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| a number that tells how many times a machine multiplies force; it can be calculated by dividing the output force by input force |
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| a quantity defined as the product of the mass and velocity of an object |
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| in chemistry, a horizontal row of elements in the periodic tabel in physics the time that it takes a complete cycle or wave oscillation to occur |
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| the theory that explains how large pieces of the lithosphere, called plates move and change shape |
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| the energy that an object has because of the position, shape or condition of the object |
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| the energy that is transferred as electromagnetic waves, such as visible light and infrared waves |
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| the bouncing back of a ray of light, sound, or heat when the ray hits a surface that does not go through. |
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| the bending of a wavefront as the wavefront passes between two substances in which the speed of the wave differs |
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| a scale that expresses the magnitude of an earthquake |
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| the study of earthquakes, including their origin, propagation, energy, and prediction. |
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| one of the six basic types of machines, which are the basis for all other forms of machines |
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| the quantity of heat required to raise a unit mass of homogenous material 1 k or 1 c in a specified way given constant pressure and volume |
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| the distance traveled by the time interval during which the motion occured |
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| in geology, a seismic wave that travels along the surface of a medium and that has a stronger effect near the surface of the medium that it has in the interior |
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| a measure of how hot (or cold) something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object |
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| a wave in which the particles of the medium move perpendicularly to the direction the wave is traveling |
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| a wave in which the particles of the medium move perpendicularly to the direction the wave is traveling |
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| a measure of how hot (or cold) something is; specifically, a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles in an object |
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| the lowest point of a wave |
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| the speed of an object in a particular direction |
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| the distance from any point on a wave to an identical point on the next wave |
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| the transfer of energy to a body by the application of force that causes the body to move in the direction of the force; it is equal to the the product of the magnitude of the component of a force along the direction of displacement and the magnitude of the displacement |
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