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4th Grade Science
Chapter 4 - Slow Changes on Earth KEY TERMS
22
Science
4th Grade
03/20/2012

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Term
weathering
Definition
natural break down of rocks
Term
physical weathering
Definition
the break down of rocks that only affect the size and shape
Term
freeze and thaw
Definition
physical weathering where water seeps into a crack expands as it gets colder than melts, seeps deeper and repeat over and over
Term
plants
Definition
physical weathering where roots force their way through rocks
Term
exfoliation
Definition
physical weathering where outer layers of rock peel off as the layers underneath expand (like an onion)
Term
abrasion
Definition
physical weathering where bits of sand carried by wind break down softer parts of rock
Term
chemical weathering
Definition
the break down of rocks in which the minerals are changed
Term
oxygen
Definition
chemical weathering where minerals in the rock such as iron are affected and rust forms
Term
acids
Definition
chemical weathering where minerals in the rock such as bases react
Term
carbon dioxide
Definition
chemical weathering where a rainwater reacts with a gas to form specifically carbonic acid
Term
erosion
Definition
the transportation, or movement, of weathered rock
Term
deposition
Definition
the dropping off, or setting down, of weathered rock
Term
conserve
Definition
to save or lessen use of
Term
strip farming
Definition
conservation method of planting crops in rows with spaces one year, and alternating the rocks and spaces the next year
Term
contour farming
Definition
conservation method is which farmer plow across a slope rather than up and down
Term
landform
Definition
natural features on earth's surface such as mountains, valley, hills, and plains
Term
canyon
Definition
deep, narrow valley with steep sides
Term
valley
Definition
an area of low land between hills or mountains
Term
delta
Definition
mouth of a river where sediments are deposited
Term
barrier islands
Definition
long, narrow strips of land formed by deposits of sand
Term
sand dune
Definition
hills formed by the picking up and dropping off of particles of sand
Term
glacier
Definition
large, thick sheet of ice
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