Term
| Cognitive Prospective of Motivation : |
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Definition
| Motivation for goals is maintained by our ability to imagine those goals before they happen. |
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| in the cognitive prospective how are images? |
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Definition
o Images are internal representations or description of external event.
• Not necessarily a picture or exact copy of stimulus
• Can exist at conscious or unconscious level
• Help to initiate and guide behavior |
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| motivational states can be broken down into the following components: |
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Definition
| physiological, learned, and cognitive |
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Definition
efferance copy =
unconscious images used when the motivated behavior literally produces the goal |
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| efferance copy guides behavior by: |
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Definition
• imagine sensory consequences of an action (imagined stimulus)
• Action guided by difference btw imagined stimulus and actual stimulus (produced by behavior) |
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| efferance copy type of feedback |
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Definition
| negative feedback loop: goal, once achieved behavior is turned off. You are motivated to continue action until the difference btw the two are eliminated |
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Term
| • If goal is NOT present: |
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o Involves comparison btw what is seen (sensory input) and what is expected (image)
o Motivates “search” if they are different |
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| seach images continues until |
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Definition
| o Search continue until difference is eliminated (negative feedback loop) |
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| search images in some cases may occur within |
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Definition
| within a mental spatial layout. (cognitive map) |
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| at a party, want to find friends bc image is seeing friends at party. |
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Definition
| sensory input- other ppl at party. Visual search continues until real stimulus matching image is located (now you dont need to keep looking anymore). |
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Definition
| • Images can also be organized into associated “networks: based on learning |
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| o These associations create certain expectations and emotions via |
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Definition
| spreading activation through the network. |
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| make a decison based of schema (image of friends at party, schema is taking care of friends, inference is that you cant drink so u can take care of them. |
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| creates an emotional reaction |
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| “self-fulfilling nature of schemas” |
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Definition
| o Schemas can also motivate changes in behavior and observed outcomes |
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| • My schema of this class is horrible |
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Definition
so im going to do badly. Schema influences outlook, outlook influences results.
=self-fulfilling nature of schemas |
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Term
| o Self-fulfilling nature can work in atleast two ways |
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Definition
| • 1. Behavioral confirmation • 2. Self- presentation |
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| behaving in a manner that generates behaviors in others you think are true based on your expectations |
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| modifying your behavior to match what you think someone else expects to be true of you. |
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| • Ex: behave better when visiting parents, job interviews- pullman is awesome, love the snow, |
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| • ex: waitress expects a bad tip, gives bad service, then gets bad tip. |
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| • 1. Behavioral confirmation |
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| become excited that you are being flown first class: |
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| belief that graduates from state schools are stupid, try to elicit rude behaviors from a state school graduate. |
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